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Evaluation of the Federal Business Immigration Program — Appendix B: Evaluation Issues, Questions and Indicators

The evaluation issues, questions and performance indicators used to guide the evaluation are presented in the following table.

Table B–1:  Evaluation issues, questions and performance Indicators

Relevance

1. Is there an ongoing need for the Business Immigration Program?

  • 1.1. Consistency in policy directions for the IN, EN and SE Classes
  • 1.2. Trends in the number and profile of applications under each of the three Classes
  • 1.3. Trends in the number and profile of admissions to Canada under each of the three Classes
  • 1.4. Number of principal applicants remaining in Canada after 2, 5, 10, 15 years
  • 1.5. Economic activity generated by each of the three Classes

Investor class

  • 1.6. Type of investment activity by each participating province [and territory]
  • 1.7. Stakeholders view on IN (reasons for provinces to participate or not participate to IN, view on economic activity generated by their participation)

Entrepreneur class

  • 1.8. Stakeholders view on jobs created by the EN Class
  • 1.9. Stakeholders view on the number and type of new businesses started or acquired by EN Class in proportion to the number of entrepreneurs admitted
  • 1.10. Number of ENs with conditions remaining in system beyond the prescribed time frame compared to the number of entrepreneurs admitted

Self-employed persons class

  • 1.11. Evidence of economic activity in Canada in the arts, athletics or farm management
  • 1.12. Rationale for and need to group the arts, athletics and farm management under this category

2. Is the Business Immigration Program consistent with departmental and government-wide priorities?

  • 2.1 Stakeholders’ perceived alignment between the BIP and departmental and government-wide priorities
  • 2.2. Alignment between BIP policies/ directives and departmental and government-wide priorities
  • 2.3. Government wide policy/directives suggesting the need to revisit any of the categories of the Business Immigration Program

3. Is the Business Immigration Program consistent with federal roles and responsibilities?

  • 3.1. Alignment with legislative and federal obligations
  • 3.2. Comparison of federal program to Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) and the Quebec program
  • 3.3. Stakeholders’ perceive BIP consistent with federal role and responsibilities

Program performance – management outcomes

4. Have policy advice and directives supported effective program delivery?

  • 4.1. Consistency in BIP case processing in CVOA
  • 4.2. Consistency in quality assurance in BIP application processing
  • 4.3. Evidence of coordination within CIC
  • 4.4. Identification of issues related to the selection process and mitigation strategy to address identified issues
  • 4.5. Evidence of program revisions

5. Have selection decisions for the Business Immigration Program been timely, consistent and objective?

Timely

  • 5.1. BIP application processing times (and inventories) by CVOA and overall (over time) compared to other economic classes and other countries

Consistent

  • 5.2. Consistency in BIP case processing in CVOA
  • 5.3. Consistent training for visa officers across CVOA
  • 5.4. Comparison of BIP application acceptance, withdrawal and refusal rates overall and by CVOA (over time and reasons if available)
  • 5.5. Consistency in quality assurance in BIP application processing
  • 5.6. Evidence of coordination within CIC

Objective

  • 5.7. Number, nature and outcome of complaints and legal challenges regarding selection decisions
  • 5.8. Number, percentage of BIs admitted with points below the pass mark (and reasons for being admitted)
  • 5.9. Perception of stakeholders on consistency, timeliness and objectivity of BIP processing

6. How effective was the ongoing monitoring of the Entrepreneur Class terms and conditions?

  • 6.1. Percentage of ENs being monitored and percentage of landed entrepreneurs not reporting to CIC
  • 6.2. Number and percentage of ENs meeting conditions
  • 6.3. Number of enforcement actions in proportion to those not complying
  • 6.4. Number (percentage) of ENs having conditions:
    • successfully removed from their permanent resident status
    • removed on officer’s discretion (i.e. conditions not technically met)
  • 6.5. Number (%) of ENs with conditions remaining in system beyond the prescribed time frame
  • 6.6. Estimated total costs of compliance monitoring (including estimate from CBSA, if available)
  • 6.7. Average time taken to assess an EN’s application to have terms and conditions cancelled
  • 6.8. Number (%) of ENs who have not met Ts&Cs, and have filed applications to remain in Canada on Humanitarian and Compassionate grounds
  • 6.9. Stakeholders and clients’ perspectives on the values of Ts&Cs

Program performance – program outcomes

7.Has the Entrepreneur Class contributed to the creation of new business start-ups or acquisitions and jobs creation?

Business start-ups

  • 7.1. Trends in the number and types of businesses acquired or created by entrepreneur immigrants relative to provincial and sectorial trends
  • 7.2. Business ownership retention rates once Ts&Cs have been met (whether the entrepreneur kept the original business, started a new business, or entered the labour market)
  • 7.3. Evidence of business “flipping” – existing businesses flipped to entrepreneurs for purposes of meeting Ts&Cs
  • 7.4. Comparative profile of entrepreneur businesses successful in meeting terms and conditions vs. those that do not meet Ts&Cs in terms of business types (sector, size, etc.)

Creation of jobs

  • 7.5. Trends in the number and types of jobs created by entrepreneur immigrants
  • 7.6. Job retention rates by province and sector (for acquired and created businesses)

8. To what extent are business immigrants becoming established economically?

  • 8.1. Trends in gross and net self-employment income of business immigrants by demographic profile
  • 8.2. Comparative economic profiles of business, skilled worker and provincial nominee immigrants who reported self-employment income (gross and net), employment earnings, both simultaneously and composition of total income
  • 8.3. Evidence of secondary investments in Canada by business immigrants, by province and sector (other than the required program investment/business activity)
  • 8.4. Percentage of business immigrants relying on social assistance and employment insurance (incidence rate) as compared to general population, skilled worker and provincial nominee immigrants

9. To what extent are the economic benefits of business immigration being shared across Canada (BIP overall) and participating provinces (IN only)?

  • 9.1. Intended province of destination versus the province of residence at admission (by three business immigration classes)
  • 9.2. Distribution of interprovincial migration over time (compared to other FSW & PNP)
  • 9.3. Net changes between in-migration and out-migration between provinces
  • 9.4. Rate of estimated out-migration of business immigrants compared to skilled worker and provincial nominee immigrants
  • 9.5. Distribution of IN funds to participating provinces

10. Have there been any unintended impacts associated with BIP?

  • 10.1. Evidence of fraud/misuse in the Business Immigrant Program
  • 10.2. Changes in policy and program direction
  • 10.3. Unintended results of programs and policies

Program performance – efficiency and economy

11. Are the selection criteria of the BIP effective in identifying applicants who will establish themselves economically?
Are there alternative selection criteria that could meet policy objectives more effectively?

  • 11.1 Comparison of federal and provincial recruitment activity targeting business immigrants (for entrepreneur and self-employed programs only)
  • 11.2. Comparison of achievements under federal and provincial business immigration programs (as measured by the success indicators in the previous section - amount of investment, number of new jobs and number of new business created)
  • 11.3. Identification of the most important selection criteria (business experience, language, education, age, etc.) on the economic outcomes (propensity to be self-employed, propensity to be employed, actual self-employment earnings, actual employment earnings) of business immigrants
  • 11.4. Trends over time and across CVOA in selection scores for language, education, age, adaptability and experience
  • 11.5. Alternative selection criteria of business immigrants under PNP or in other countries
  • 11.6. Comparative economic profiles of business, skilled worker and provincial nominee immigrants who report self-employment income (gross and net) and employment earnings.

12. How cost-effective is the current approach to selecting business immigrants?

  • 12.1. Total CIC budgets and expenditures (O&M, salary) by the three programs, by year?
  • 12.2. Average cost over time per BIP applicant compared to FSW and PNP
  • 12.3. Other means to deliver the program that would be more cost-effective

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