Interest and penalty charges

Instalment interest and possible penalty charges will be applied if you do not pay your required tax instalments or paid insufficient amounts.

Instalment interest

You will be charged instalment interest if all the following apply:

You are required to pay by instalments in 2024
You receive an instalment reminder in 2024 that shows an amount to pay
You did not make any of your instalment payments, paid late, or paid less than what you had to pay

The CRA charges instalment interest on all late or insufficient instalment payments. Instalment interest is compounded daily at the prescribed interest rate, which can change every three months.

How your interest rate is calculated

$A
Interest on each instalment payment you should have paid
Interest is calculated from the day it was due to your balance due date, based on the payment calculation option that results in the least amount of interest.
minus by $B
Interest on each instalment you paid
The interest is calculated for the year starting from the date the payment was made or January 1 (whichever date is later) up to the balance due date.
equals $C
Your charge (if more than $25)
The interest you owe is the difference between A and B.

Instalment penalty

You may have to pay a penalty if your instalment payments are late or less than the required amount. The CRA applies this penalty only if your instalment interest charges for 2024 are more than $1,000.

To calculate the penalty, the CRA determines which of the following amounts is higher.

If a flat rate of $1,000 is higher: Option 1 of 2

You are charged: $1,000

If 25% of the interest is higher: Option 2 of 2

You are charged: 25% of the instalment interest you would have paid if you had not made instalment payments for 2024

The higher amount is subtracted from your actual instalment interest charges for 2024. Then the difference is divided by 2 and the result is your penalty.

Example – Instalment penalty and interest

For 2024, John made instalment payments that were less than what he should have paid. As a result, his actual instalment interest charge for 2024 is $2,500.

If John had not made any instalment payments in 2024, his instalment interest charge would have been $3,200.

To determine John’s penalty, the CRA first calculates which rate is higher:

$3,200 (interest if no payments were made)
times by 25% (percentage rate)
equals $800 (total using the 25% calculation)

Since the flat rate ($1,000) is higher than the 25% calculation ($800), the CRA uses the flat rate to calculate John's penalty:

$2,500 (actual interest charges)
minus $1,000 (flat rate)
equals $1,500 (difference between actual interest and rate)

Now you divide the $1,500 by 2. John's instalment penalty would be $750.

Reduce your instalment interest and penalty charges

You can reduce or eliminate interest and penalties if you do one of the following:

overpay your next instalment payment
pay your next instalment early

This will allow you to earn instalment credit interest. This credit interest is not refundable and can only be used against any interest charges on insufficient or late payments for the same tax year.

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Date modified:: 2024-01-23

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