Departmental Sustainable Development Strategy, 2023 to 2027

From: Environment and Climate Change Canada

Departmental Sustainable Development Strategy, 2023 to 2027, Environment and Climate Change Canada
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Section 1: Introduction to the Departmental Sustainable Development Strategy

The 2022 to 2026 Federal Sustainable Development Strategy (FSDS) presents the Government of Canada’s sustainable development goals and targets, as required by the Federal Sustainable Development Act. This is the first FSDS to be framed using the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations 2030 Agenda and provides a balanced view of the environmental, social, and economic dimensions of sustainable development.

In keeping with the purpose of the Act, to promote more transparent and accountable decision-making related to sustainable development to Parliament, Environment and Climate Change Canada supports the goals laid out in the FSDS through the activities described in this Departmental Sustainable Development Strategy (DSDS).

The Federal Sustainable Development Act also sets out 7 principles that must be considered in the development of the FSDS as well as the DSDS. These basic principles have been considered and incorporated in Environment and Climate Change Canada’s DSDS.

In order to promote coordinated action on sustainable development across the Government of Canada, this departmental strategy integrates efforts to advance Canada’s implementation of the 2030 Agenda National Strategy, supported by the Global Indicator Framework (GIF) and Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) targets and indicators. The strategy also now captures SDG initiatives that fall outside the scope of the FSDS to inform the development of Canada’s Annual Report on the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs.

Section 2: Environment and Climate Change Canada’s Sustainable Development Vision

Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) takes action to tackle a wide range of environmental issues. The Department leads Canada’s efforts to transition to a net-zero economy and towards strengthening resilience to climate change. ECCC is responsible for Canada’s clean growth and climate change mitigation, adaptation, and abatement; monitoring and regulating pollution; conserving nature; and predicting weather and environmental conditions.

The Department’s programs reflect the interdependence between environmental sustainability and economic well-being. To help make our communities and cities more sustainable, ECCC works on addressing air pollutant emissions to protect the health of Canadians and the environment, and to provide information and tools so individuals can protect themselves from the impacts of air pollution. In November 2022, ECCC released Canada’s first National Adaptation Strategy, which establishes a shared vision for climate resilience in Canada, identifies key priorities for increased collaboration, and establishes a framework for measuring progress at the national level. Additionally, ECCC protects Canada’s lands and freshwaters by administering and enforcing the pollution prevention provisions of the Fisheries Act, and its regulations which include the Wastewater Systems Effluent Regulations, the Metal and Diamond Mines Effluent Regulations, and the Pulp and Paper Effluent Regulations. ECCC continues to monitor, strengthen, protect, and recover species at risk and their habitats, conserve and manage migratory birds, maintain healthy wildlife populations, and manage over 15 million (M) hectares of National Wildlife Areas, Migratory Bird Sanctuaries, and conservation areas. The Department also provides environmental and weather information to all Canadians.

To achieve its mandate, the Department works with provinces, territories, Indigenous Peoples, civil society, industry, and international partners; undertakes monitoring, science-based research, policy, and regulatory development; and enforces environmental and wildlife laws and regulations. ECCC supports Indigenous-led conservation and engages Indigenous communities in planning the establishment and recognition of conserved areas. The Department is committed to implementing and reporting on the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act (UNDA), that came into force on June 21, 2021, which can contribute to supporting sustainable development and responding to growing concerns relating to climate change and its impacts on Indigenous Peoples. Moreover, ECCC works with international partners through a range of multilateral fora, including the UNFCCC, the Paris Agreement (PA), G7, G20, and UNEP, and the Department provides supports to bilateral engagement of high-level officials to advance Canada’s key priorities on climate change, biodiversity, and pollution prevention.

Section 3: Listening to Canadians

As required by the Federal Sustainable Development Act, ECCC has taken into considered the comments on the draft 2022-2026 FSDS made during the public consultation held from March 11 to July 9, 2022. During the public consultation, more than 700 comments were received from a broad range of partners and stakeholders, including governments, Indigenous organizations, non-governmental organizations, academics, businesses, and individual Canadians of different ages and backgrounds. The draft FSDS was also shared with the appropriate committee of each House of Parliament, the Commissioner of the Environment and Sustainable Development, and the Sustainable Development Advisory Council for review and comment.

What we heard

Across the submissions received, ECCC identified sustainable development priorities and issues that affect us. Canadians highlighted the importance of ensuring ECCC’s DSDS reflects the valuable contributions of Indigenous Peoples to sustainability, including the use of distinctions-based approaches, place-based perspectives reflecting the importance of the land, water, and ice in Indigenous knowledge systems, and Indigenous governance, ownership, and leadership.

ECCC’s DSDS also recognizes that, at its core, sustainable development is not only about ensuring that we meet the needs of present generations, but that we do so without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Through its many actions in support of sustainability, the Department demonstrates intergenerational equity by engaging youth in decision-making, improving educational resources in support of sustainable development, and accounting for future generations when identifying and measuring policy impacts. The realization of a sustainable future is a complex and dynamic challenge that requires the engagement of Canadians at all levels of society. To that end, ECCC’s efforts to achieve sustainable development also ensure extensive support of on-the-ground projects led by civil society organizations and individual Canadians to realize tangible sustainability benefits.

What we did

ECCC took the above-mentioned key priorities and issues into consideration in this DSDS.

A large portion of ECCC’s actions in support of sustainability goals are done in lock step with, and in consideration of, Indigenous culture and rights. This includes distinction-based approaches, place-based actions, Indigenous knowledge systems, Indigenous rights as dimensions of sustainable development, self-governance, and Indigenous ownership/leadership. The department takes great care to engage Indigenous Peoples and organizations in the development of climate policy, such as with the development of the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan, the building of domestic and international climate policy, and by supporting Indigenous climate action through programming (e.g., the Low Carbon Economy Fund’s Indigenous Leadership Fund). Indigenous communities are important partners in protecting and conserving lands and waters through the establishment of Indigenous-led protected areas and the recognition of Indigenous-led other effective conservation measures (OECMs), such as Indigenous Protected or Conserved Areas (IPCAs) as determined by Indigenous partners. Indigenous communities also play a key role in supporting and implementing Indigenous Guardians initiatives. Additionally, the Aboriginal Fund for Species at Risk engages Indigenous recipients in conservation and the development of research capacity within Indigenous and Northern communities to support community-based monitoring and education. Furthermore, ECCC has engaged extensively with key partners and stakeholders on the creation of the Canada Water Agency. This included Indigenous groups from various regions and distinctions. Input received through this engagement helped inform the mandate and structure of the agency. Indigenous Peoples will be involved in all steps of the implementation of the Freshwater Action Plan through greater engagement and Indigenous advisory expertise, especially from Indigenous women who are the traditional “water carriers” in Indigenous communities.

FSDS consultations also revealed Canadians’ inherent understanding of the need to ensure younger generations are part of the dialogue on the country’s sustainability. As current and future stewards of our country’s environmental legacy, youth must be given enabling supports to participate in environment-related dialogues and initiatives that that are youth-friendly and that ensure diverse representation. ECCC’s DSDS reflects Canadians’ strong desire for intergenerational equity through: the Climate Action and Awareness Fund which supports youth and Indigenous Peoples to increase climate change awareness and through programs for Engaging Canadian Kids in Wildlife Conservation; investments in Connecting Canadians to Nature through the Naturehood Program; the Minister’s Environment and Climate Change Youth Council; and multiple engagements with youth and Indigenous groups, among others, regarding UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) negotiations.

Canada is also committed to meaningful representation within its own delegation to UNFCCC negotiations, prioritizing diversity and inclusion, including parliamentarians representing both Canada’s House of Commons and Senate, representatives from civil society organizations, business, labour, provinces and territories, Indigenous representatives, and youth. One example of this commitment is ECCC’s frequent engagement with stakeholders, such as youth, civil society, business, and labour on key international climate negotiation issues and Canadian positions. This includes engagement with the Environment and Climate Change Youth Council (ECCYC), a ministerial council of ten youth in Canada selected for their environmental and climate leadership while considering the diversity of youth across Canada. Moreover, Canada’s first National Adaptation Strategy was released in 2022 following engagement with provincial and territorial governments, Indigenous partners, the private sector, non-governmental organizations, adaptation experts, and youth. The Strategy establishes a shared vision for climate resilience in Canada and is underpinned by a set of guiding principles to ensure adaptation investments and solutions in Canada are fair, inclusive, and equitable. One important way to achieve Canada’s sustainability goals is through direct support of grassroots, “on the ground” civil society organisations. For example, the Habitat Stewardship Program for Species at Risk provides funding for projects submitted by Canadians that contribute directly to the recovery objectives and population goals for species at risk. Eligible recipients are Canadian non-governmental organizations, community groups, Indigenous organizations and communities, Canadian individuals, private corporations and businesses, educational institutions, provincial, territorial, and municipal governments, and provincial Crown corporations.

The department’s efforts to deliver on the $5.3 billion (B) climate finance commitment to help developing countries transition to low-carbon, climate-resilient economies include a commitment to ensure that 80% of projects target gender equity outcomes, in line with its Feminist International Assistance Policy (FIAP). ECCC continues to promote gender equality and the role of women in climate action around the world as part of its strong commitment to international leadership on clean growth and climate change. The department is providing $2M in climate finance for methane mitigation projects in developing countries to be implemented between 2023 and 2026. Advice on project selection is being provided by the biogas and oil and gas sectors’ Global Methane Initiative, an international partnership of government and non-governmental members dedicated to reducing methane emissions and advancing the recovery and use of methane as a valuable energy source. As part of Canada’s climate finance envelope, ECCC provides funding to the “Institut de la Francophonie pour le développement durable” (IFDD) and the Women’s Environment and Development Organization (WEDO) to improve inclusivity within the UNFCCC process and to deliver capacity-building workshops for women climate negotiators from developing countries. Canada is providing funds to several other initiatives that support gender-responsive climate change action, including $25M to Women and Youth in Action for Sustainable Ecosystems, $15M to Women-Led Coal Transition Mechanism, $14.8M to Rural Women Cultivating Change in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania, and $10M to the Moroccan Forest Strategy, and Resilient women of the Middle Atlas Project.

More information on the FSDS public consultation and its results can be found in the FSDS Consultation Report.

Section 4: Environment and Climate Change Canada’s Commitments

Sustainable development goals^{Footnote 1} ^{Footnote 2}

Text description

Icons represent the 14 FSDS goals to which ECCC contributes. The FSDS includes a total of 17 goals aligned with the 17 goals of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

Goal 3: Support mental health and adopt healthy behaviours
Goal 4: Promote knowledge and skills for sustainable development
Goal 5: Champion gender equality
Goal 6: Ensure clean and safe water for all Canadians
Goal 7: Increase Canadians’ access to clean energy
Goal 9: Foster innovation and green infrastructure in Canada
Goal 10: Advance reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples and take action on inequality
Goal 11: Improve access to affordable housing, clean air, transportation, parks, and green spaces, as well as cultural heritage in Canada
Goal 12: Reduce waste and transition to zero-emission vehicles
Goal 13: Take action on climate change and its impacts
Goal 14: Conserve and protect Canada’s oceans
Goal 15: Protect and recover species, conserve Canadian biodiversity
Goal 16: Promote a fair and accessible justice system, enforce environmental laws, and manage impacts
Goal 17: Strengthen partnerships to promote global action on sustainable development

Goal 3: Support mental health and adopt healthy behaviours

Initiatives advancing Canada’s implementation of SDG 3 – Good Health and Well-Being

The following initiatives demonstrate how Environment and Climate Change Canada programming supports the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs.

Planned initiatives	Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets
Management of Substances and Waste Program aims to reduce threats to the health of Canadians and their environment from harmful substances and waste through various actions and activities including stakeholder engagement, information gathering, research, monitoring, tracking, as well as reporting of harmful substances, assessing, and managing their risks to the environment. Other useful information on substances and waste management: Managing and reducing waste Managing substances in the environment Plastic waste and pollution reduction	These ECCC programs contribute to advancing: Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions: 3.9 Canada prevents causes of premature death. Target: No specific target Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets: 3.9 By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination 3.9.2 Mortality rate attributed to unsafe water, unsafe sanitation, and lack of hygiene (exposure to unsafe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for All (WASH) services) 3.d Strengthen the capacity of all countries, in particular developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks. 3.d.1 International Health Regulations (IHR) capacity and health emergency preparedness
The Air Quality Program aims to improve the quality of ambient air to reduce outdoor air pollution and its effects on human health and the environment, and to empower Canadians to protect themselves when air quality deteriorates. The Program performs air quality science (research, monitoring, and modeling), and analysis, generates emissions data, and provides scientific, technical and policy advice. The Program develops Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards, monitors and reports on ambient air quality, develops and administers regulations and other risk management instruments to reduce air pollutant emissions from industry, vehicles, engines and fuels, and consumer and commercial products. The Program collaborates with other federal departments, provinces, territories, and other stakeholders to address domestic air pollution and to implement Canada’s Air Quality Management System and works internationally to reduce transboundary air pollution. Additionally, the Program produces and disseminates daily Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) forecasts and related health information to help Canadians make decisions to protect their health by limiting short-term exposure to air pollution. Other useful information on air quality: Air quality Air quality research and science Air pollution Air Quality Health Index
The Chemicals Management Plan (CMP) is a Government of Canada initiative aimed at reducing the risks posed by chemical substances to Canadians and the environment. Through the CMP, the Government of Canada assesses and manages risks to human health and the environment posed by chemical substances that can be found in food and food products, consumer products, cosmetics, drugs, drinking water and industrial releases. Once it has been determined that a chemical substance poses a risk, risk management instruments (mandatory or voluntary) are then identified, developed, and put into action to help prevent, reduce, or eliminate that risk. For example, under the CMP: The proposed Regulations Amending the Products Containing Mercury were published in the Canada Gazette, Part I, on December 24, 2022. The proposed Amendments would further reduce mercury emissions in Canada and lead to energy savings and reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The final Amendments are expected to be published in 2024. ECCC is developing proposed regulations for coal tar-based sealant products to protect environmental and human health in Canada from the risks posed by certain products containing coal tars and their distillates. The proposed Regulations are expected to be published in the Canada Gazette, Part I, in Fall 2023.

Planned initiatives

Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets

Management of Substances and Waste Program aims to reduce threats to the health of Canadians and their environment from harmful substances and waste through various actions and activities including stakeholder engagement, information gathering, research, monitoring, tracking, as well as reporting of harmful substances, assessing, and managing their risks to the environment.

Other useful information on substances and waste management:

These ECCC programs contribute to advancing:

Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions:

3.9 Canada prevents causes of premature death.

Target: No specific target

Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets:

3.9 By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination
3.9.2 Mortality rate attributed to unsafe water, unsafe sanitation, and lack of hygiene (exposure to unsafe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for All (WASH) services)
3.d Strengthen the capacity of all countries, in particular developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks.
3.d.1 International Health Regulations (IHR) capacity and health emergency preparedness

The Air Quality Program aims to improve the quality of ambient air to reduce outdoor air pollution and its effects on human health and the environment, and to empower Canadians to protect themselves when air quality deteriorates. The Program performs air quality science (research, monitoring, and modeling), and analysis, generates emissions data, and provides scientific, technical and policy advice. The Program develops Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards, monitors and reports on ambient air quality, develops and administers regulations and other risk management instruments to reduce air pollutant emissions from industry, vehicles, engines and fuels, and consumer and commercial products. The Program collaborates with other federal departments, provinces, territories, and other stakeholders to address domestic air pollution and to implement Canada’s Air Quality Management System and works internationally to reduce transboundary air pollution. Additionally, the Program produces and disseminates daily Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) forecasts and related health information to help Canadians make decisions to protect their health by limiting short-term exposure to air pollution.

Other useful information on air quality:

The Chemicals Management Plan (CMP) is a Government of Canada initiative aimed at reducing the risks posed by chemical substances to Canadians and the environment. Through the CMP, the Government of Canada assesses and manages risks to human health and the environment posed by chemical substances that can be found in food and food products, consumer products, cosmetics, drugs, drinking water and industrial releases. Once it has been determined that a chemical substance poses a risk, risk management instruments (mandatory or voluntary) are then identified, developed, and put into action to help prevent, reduce, or eliminate that risk. For example, under the CMP:

The proposed Regulations Amending the Products Containing Mercury were published in the Canada Gazette, Part I, on December 24, 2022. The proposed Amendments would further reduce mercury emissions in Canada and lead to energy savings and reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The final Amendments are expected to be published in 2024.
ECCC is developing proposed regulations for coal tar-based sealant products to protect environmental and human health in Canada from the risks posed by certain products containing coal tars and their distillates. The proposed Regulations are expected to be published in the Canada Gazette, Part I, in Fall 2023.

Goal 4: Promote knowledge and skills for sustainable development

FSDS context:

Through the Science Horizons Youth Internship Program, ECCC provides eligible employers with wage subsidies to hire post-secondary graduates and allow them to gain relevant and meaningful work experience opportunities in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) fields linked to the green economy in order to increase job readiness and employability and help youth transition to employment. ECCC’s Atmospheric and Meteorological Undergraduate and Graduate Supplements provide financial support to undergraduate and graduate students working toward degrees in the atmospheric, meteorological sciences, or related fields. Furthermore, ECCC’s Inuit Field Training Program aims to expose young Inuit to life and work in a northern research camp. This program was developed in response to a need expressed by Inuit communities to create local opportunities to engage with Inuit youth and help them consider employment and training opportunities in environmental fields.

Target theme: Training and skills in sustainable development

Target: By December 2025, Canada’s pool of science talent grows by 175,000 science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) graduates (Minister of Innovation, Science, and Industry)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Support youth skill development in environmental sectors	Support youth, particularly those facing barriers to employment, gain the skills, work experience and abilities they need to make a successful transition into the labour market, particularly in environmental and clean technology sectors. Program: Science Horizons Youth Internship Program	Performance indicator: Number of youth served Starting point and fiscal year: 1,059 in 2017-18 Target: At least 97 by 2023-24^{Footnote 3}	ECCC helps young Canadians gain meaningful hands-on research and training experiences in environmental fields. As a result, youth have access to programs that allow them to acquire the skills and opportunities they need to be successful in high growth sectors such as the green economy. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 4: Promote knowledge and skills for sustainable development (Target 4.4 & 4.5)
Performance indicator: Percentage of visible minority youth served Starting point and fiscal year: 17% in 2016-17 Target: At least 20% by 2023-24	ECCC provides wage subsidies to employers in the environmental science and clean technology sectors to offer paid internship opportunities to youth. The program includes specific support measures to help youth under-represented on the labor market in these sectors, especially indigenous youth, visible minority youth, and youth with a disability that face substantial barriers towards employment. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 4: Promote knowledge and skills for sustainable development (Target 4.4)
Performance indicator: Percentage of Indigenous youth served Starting point and fiscal year: 3% in 2016-17 Target: At least 2.1% by 2023-24
Performance indicator: Percentage of youth with a disability served Starting point and fiscal year: 2% in 2016-17 Target: At least 2.1% by 2023-24
Performance indicator: Percentage of youth employed/self-employed Starting point and fiscal year: 80% in 2020-21 Target: At least 80% annually	This indicator is a measure of the impact which the internship has on the employability of the youth, and their successful transition into the labour market. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 4: Promote knowledge and skills for sustainable development (Target 4.4)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Support youth skill development in environmental sectors

Support youth, particularly those facing barriers to employment, gain the skills, work experience and abilities they need to make a successful transition into the labour market, particularly in environmental and clean technology sectors.

Program: Science Horizons Youth Internship Program

Performance indicator: Number of youth served

Starting point and fiscal year: 1,059 in 2017-18

Target: At least 97 by 2023-24^{Footnote 3}

ECCC helps young Canadians gain meaningful hands-on research and training experiences in environmental fields. As a result, youth have access to
programs that allow them to acquire the
skills and opportunities they need to be successful in high growth sectors such as the green economy.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 4: Promote knowledge and skills for sustainable development (Target 4.4 & 4.5)

Performance indicator: Percentage of visible minority youth served

Starting point and fiscal year: 17% in 2016-17

Target: At least 20% by 2023-24

ECCC provides wage subsidies to employers in the environmental science and clean technology sectors to offer paid internship opportunities to youth. The program includes specific support measures to help youth under-represented on the labor market in these sectors, especially indigenous youth, visible minority youth, and youth with a disability that face substantial barriers towards employment.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 4: Promote knowledge and skills for sustainable development (Target 4.4)

Performance indicator: Percentage of Indigenous youth served

Starting point and fiscal year: 3% in 2016-17

Target: At least 2.1% by 2023-24

Performance indicator: Percentage of youth with a disability served

Starting point and fiscal year: 2% in 2016-17

Target: At least 2.1% by 2023-24

Performance indicator: Percentage of youth employed/self-employed

Starting point and fiscal year: 80% in 2020-21

Target: At least 80% annually

This indicator is a measure of the impact which the internship has on the employability of the youth, and their successful transition into the labour market.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 4: Promote knowledge and skills for sustainable development (Target 4.4)

Target theme: Research and knowledge sharing

Target: By 2025, Canada’s Average Relative Citation (ARC) in natural sciences, engineering, and life sciences ranks within the top 10 of OECD countries, increasing from a ranking of 18 in 2020 (Minister of Innovation, Science, and Industry)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Work with partners on sustainable development research initiatives	Conduct greenhouse gas (GHG) science, modelling, and long-term monitoring of atmospheric GHGs to understand sources and sinks in support of domestic legislation and international commitments. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance Indicator: Percentage of requested products delivered to senior management and decision-makers Starting point and fiscal year: 100% in 2018-19 Target: 100% annually	Undertaking research, modelling, and long-term atmospheric greenhouse gas monitoring and preparing Canada’s annual National Inventory Report on Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada and submitting it to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change increases ECCC’s understanding of the implications of climate change on human health. This informs risk assessments, communication and adaptation actions that support domestic legislation and international commitments that contribute to reaching the goal of the FSDS. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Targets 13.1 & 13.3)
Provide enhanced oversight, administration, and coordination to program partners of the Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan. Program: Substances and Waste Management	Performance Indicator: Percentage of senior governance meetings that are held on time each fiscal year Starting point and fiscal year: 100% in 2019-20 Target: At least 80% annually Note: Senior governance meetings provide the FCSAP Secretariat with strategic advice to achieve FCSAP’s ultimate objectives, which are to reduce risks to human health and the environment and to reduce environmental liability. This results in safe and healthy communities for Canadians to enjoy.	Timely decisions from senior governance meetings help to improve program delivery of the Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan, which is the Government of Canada’s main program for addressing federal contaminated sites, thereby providing Canadians with safe and healthy communities to enjoy. By leading the program and addressing the contaminated sites for which ECCC is responsible and providing expertise to other federal departments, ECCC will reduce ecological and human health risks related to harmful substances at federal contaminated sites. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9) UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.4)
Other	Inspiring societal behavioral change through environmental education. Program: Environmental Literacy and Citizenship	Performance indicator: Number of youth and Canadian public reached annually through ECCC programming and Grants and Contribution recipient organizations Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2022-23 Target: At least 500 by 2023-24	Equipping K to 12 students and their educators with the knowledge and skills they need to understand and cope with the triple threat of climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss. This work includes: Outreach initiative: training GOC scientists and putting them in touch with teachers and schools. Grants and Contribution program: partnering with trusted organizations already active in environmental education and increasing reach and impact. Policy design: working towards a Pan-Canadian Strategy on Environmental Literacy. These 3 pillars of activities will contribute to raising opportunities for access to quality environmental education for children, youth, their educators, and families. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 4: Quality Education (Target 4.7)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Work with partners on sustainable development research initiatives

Conduct greenhouse gas (GHG) science, modelling, and long-term monitoring of atmospheric GHGs to understand sources and sinks in support of domestic legislation and international commitments.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance Indicator: Percentage of requested products delivered to senior management and decision-makers

Starting point and fiscal year: 100% in 2018-19

Target: 100% annually

Undertaking research, modelling, and long-term atmospheric greenhouse gas monitoring and preparing Canada’s annual National Inventory Report on Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada and submitting it to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change increases ECCC’s understanding of the implications of climate change on human health. This informs risk assessments, communication and adaptation actions that support domestic legislation and international commitments that contribute to reaching the goal of the FSDS.

Relevant targets or ambitions:
GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Targets 13.1 & 13.3)

Provide enhanced oversight, administration, and coordination to program partners of the Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan.

Program: Substances and Waste Management

Performance Indicator: Percentage of senior governance meetings that are held on time each fiscal year

Starting point and fiscal year: 100% in 2019-20

Target: At least 80% annually

Note: Senior governance meetings provide the FCSAP Secretariat with strategic advice to achieve FCSAP’s ultimate objectives, which are to reduce risks to human health and the environment and to reduce environmental liability. This results in safe and healthy communities for Canadians to enjoy.

Timely decisions from senior governance meetings help to improve program delivery of the Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan, which is the Government of Canada’s main program for addressing federal contaminated sites, thereby providing Canadians with safe and healthy communities to enjoy.

By leading the program and addressing the contaminated sites for which ECCC is responsible and providing expertise to other federal departments, ECCC will reduce ecological and human health risks related to harmful substances at federal contaminated sites.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9)

UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.4)

Other

Inspiring societal behavioral change through environmental education.

Program: Environmental Literacy and Citizenship

Performance indicator: Number of youth and Canadian public reached annually through ECCC programming and Grants and Contribution recipient organizations

Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2022-23

Target: At least 500 by 2023-24

Equipping K to 12 students and their educators with the knowledge and skills they need to understand and cope with the triple threat of climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss. This work includes:

Outreach initiative: training GOC scientists and putting them in touch with teachers and schools.
Grants and Contribution program: partnering with trusted organizations already active in environmental education and increasing reach and impact.
Policy design: working towards a Pan-Canadian Strategy on Environmental Literacy.

These 3 pillars of activities will contribute to raising opportunities for access to quality environmental education for children, youth, their educators, and families.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 4: Quality Education (Target 4.7)

Implementation strategies supporting the goal

This section is for implementation strategies that support the goal “Promote knowledge and skills for sustainable development” but not a specific FSDS target

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Conduct research supporting climate change mitigation and adaptation	ECCC partners with Natural Resources Canada and the Privy Council Office’s Impact and Innovation Unit to test behavioural science to boost climate action through the Program of Applied Research on Climate Action (PARCA). Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Data, knowledge, and insight to support policy, program and communications efforts is shared with internal and external partners, including academia and multilateral organizations, to inform ambitious climate and environmental action Starting point and fiscal year: Launched in 2021-22 Target: Results of research shared in 2023-24 Note: The original longitudinal study was completed in March 2022. Shorter and less frequent surveys will continue to track key data for an additional year and fill information needs for the fellows’ online and in-field studies.	Social science research, specifically behavioural science research, done under PARCA will support evidence-based climate-related decisions by researching and testing what will motivate individuals and organizations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. PARCA behavioural science work contributes to: Helping industries develop and adopt clean technology. Investing in nature and natural climate solutions. Empowering communities to take climate action. Advancing Canada’s zero plastic waste agenda to reduce plastic waste and pollution. The first phase of the program was a longitudinal public opinion research study done in eight waves between December 2021 and March 2022. Data was shared widely through the department and across government, so that it can inform, not only the PARCA tests, but other policies, programs, and communications. This public opinion research is the foundation for the ongoing work of five behavioural science fellows embedded throughout the department (and four others with NRCan) who are leading experiments online and in the real world with partners. Between July 2022 and March 2024, in Phase 2 of PARCA, ECCC fellows will have done six rapid online surveys and survey experiments with large samples of Canadians (2,000+ per study) and several sets of interviews that will explore drivers and barriers to climate action. Beginning in September 2023, ECCC fellows will lead or collaborate on Phase 3 studies with real world partners. If the PARCA MOU is extended, ECCC will conduct or collaborate on two of the three further Phase 3 studies. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.3) UN SDG 12: Responsible consumption and production (Target 12.8)
Promote environmental knowledge and data sharing	Support and continue to implement the Canadian Centre for Climate Services (CCCS). Program: Climate Change Adaptation	Performance Indicator: Number of clients accessing climate information through CCCS climate information portals Starting point and fiscal year: 179,750 visits in 2019-20 Target: At least 296,259 visits by 2023-24 Note: An increasing number of clients accessing climate and adaptation information is an indication of greater awareness that the climate is changing and will change in the future. This information is important in the decision-making and planning process to enhance resilience and better prepare for climate-related risks and impacts.	By establishing the CCCS as an authoritative access point for climate information, tools, and support, ECCC supports informed decision-making, contributing to climate resilience in communities, economies, and ecosystems. The CCCS is an important part of the Pan-Canadian Framework and the official source for reliable climate data, information, tools, training, and user support to help increase climate resilience across Canada, Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Targets 13.1and 13.3)
Inform Canadians about releases and disposals of pollutants in their communities through the National Pollutant Release Inventory. Program: Substances and Waste Management	Performance Indicator: National Pollutant Release Inventory data is made publicly available each year Starting point and fiscal year: First published in 1995 Target: NPRI reviewed data is published before the end of each calendar year (December) Note: This indicator measures the publication of data on pollutants which helps Canadians access key information to help them make better decision for their health.	By collecting and sharing data on air pollutants and harmful substances from more than 7,500 facilities across Canada through the National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI), ECCC will inform evidence-based decision-making to protect the health of Canadians and the environment from harmful substances and assist Canadians in making informed decisions about their health. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9, Target 3.D) SDG Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.3)
Provide information to help consumers make more sustainable choices	Conduct scientific and economic research and analysis to support evidence-based climate-related decisions. Program: Community Eco-Action	Performance Indicator: Number of visits to the CESI web site Starting point and fiscal year: 225,068 in 2018 calendar year Target: At least 250,000 annually Note: This indicator measures the degree to which these objectives have been realized and purposes fulfilled which makes environmental decision-making more transparent and accountable to Parliament and engages Canadians in sustainable development. For these reasons, this indicator measures the aspect of “ensuring public access to information and research findings pertaining to sustainable development and environmental governance”.	By conducting scientific and economic research and analysis, ECCC will support evidence-based climate-related decisions and more effective action to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG). ECCC will continue to track Canada’s GHG emissions, collect emissions data, support academic research, provide information to support policy development and help Canadians make climate-related decisions, by: Ensuring public access to information and research findings pertaining to sustainable development and environmental governance; and Providing key economic analysis to assess incremental impacts of regulatory proposals that combat climate change and reduce GHG emissions and meet national emissions-reductions targets. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible consumption and production (Target 12.8)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Conduct research supporting climate change mitigation and adaptation

ECCC partners with Natural Resources Canada and the Privy Council Office’s Impact and Innovation Unit to test behavioural science to boost climate action through the Program of Applied Research on Climate Action (PARCA).

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Data, knowledge, and insight to support policy, program and communications efforts is shared with internal and external partners, including academia and multilateral organizations, to inform ambitious climate and environmental action

Starting point and fiscal year: Launched in 2021-22

Target: Results of research shared in 2023-24

Note: The original longitudinal study was completed in March 2022. Shorter and less frequent surveys will continue to track key data for an additional year and fill information needs for the fellows’ online and in-field studies.

Social science research, specifically behavioural science research, done under PARCA will support evidence-based climate-related decisions by researching and testing what will motivate individuals and organizations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. PARCA behavioural science work contributes to:

Helping industries develop and adopt clean technology.
Investing in nature and natural climate solutions.
Empowering communities to take climate action.
Advancing Canada’s zero plastic waste agenda to reduce plastic waste and pollution.

The first phase of the program was a longitudinal public opinion research study done in eight waves between December 2021 and March 2022. Data was shared widely through the department and across government, so that it can inform, not only the PARCA tests, but other policies, programs, and communications. This public opinion research is the foundation for the ongoing work of five behavioural science fellows embedded throughout the department (and four others with NRCan) who are leading experiments online and in the real world with partners. Between July 2022 and March 2024, in Phase 2 of PARCA, ECCC fellows will have done six rapid online surveys and survey experiments with large samples of Canadians (2,000+ per study) and several sets of interviews that will explore drivers and barriers to climate action. Beginning in September 2023, ECCC fellows will lead or collaborate on Phase 3 studies with real world partners. If the PARCA MOU is extended, ECCC will conduct or collaborate on two of the three further Phase 3 studies.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.3)

UN SDG 12: Responsible consumption and production (Target 12.8)

Promote environmental knowledge and data sharing

Support and continue to implement the Canadian Centre for Climate Services (CCCS).

Program: Climate Change Adaptation

Performance Indicator: Number of clients accessing climate information through CCCS climate information portals

Starting point and fiscal year: 179,750 visits in 2019-20

Target: At least 296,259 visits by 2023-24

Note: An increasing number of clients accessing climate and adaptation information is an indication of greater awareness that the climate is changing and will change in the future. This information is important in the decision-making and planning process to enhance resilience and better prepare for climate-related risks and impacts.

By establishing the CCCS as an authoritative access point for climate information, tools, and support, ECCC supports informed decision-making, contributing to climate resilience in communities, economies, and ecosystems. The CCCS is an important part of the Pan-Canadian Framework and the official source for reliable climate data, information, tools, training, and user support to help increase climate resilience across Canada,

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Targets 13.1and 13.3)

Inform Canadians about releases and disposals of pollutants in their communities through the National Pollutant Release Inventory.

Program: Substances and Waste Management

Performance Indicator: National Pollutant Release Inventory data is made publicly available each year

Starting point and fiscal year: First published in 1995

Target: NPRI reviewed data is published before the end of each calendar year (December)

Note: This indicator measures the publication of data on pollutants which helps Canadians access key information to help them make better decision for their health.

By collecting and sharing data on air pollutants and harmful substances from more than 7,500 facilities across Canada through the National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI), ECCC will inform evidence-based decision-making to protect the health of Canadians and the environment from harmful substances and assist Canadians in making informed decisions about their health.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9, Target 3.D)

SDG Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.3)

Provide information to help consumers make more sustainable choices

Conduct scientific and economic research and analysis to support evidence-based climate-related decisions.

Program: Community Eco-Action

Performance Indicator: Number of visits to the CESI web site

Starting point and fiscal year: 225,068 in 2018 calendar year

Target: At least 250,000 annually

Note: This indicator measures the degree to which these objectives have been realized and purposes fulfilled which makes environmental decision-making more transparent and accountable to Parliament and engages Canadians in sustainable development. For these reasons, this indicator measures the aspect of “ensuring public access to information and research findings pertaining to sustainable development and environmental governance”.

By conducting scientific and economic research and analysis, ECCC will support evidence-based climate-related decisions and more effective action to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG). ECCC will continue to track Canada’s GHG emissions, collect emissions data, support academic research, provide information to support policy development and help Canadians make climate-related decisions, by:

Ensuring public access to information and research findings pertaining to sustainable development and environmental governance; and
Providing key economic analysis to assess incremental impacts of regulatory proposals that combat climate change and reduce GHG emissions and meet national emissions-reductions targets.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible consumption and production (Target 12.8)

Goal 5: Champion gender equality

FSDS context:

Internationally, the Government of Canada is committed to advancing diversity and inclusion in climate policy and recognizes that climate action is most effective when it also addresses issues of gender equality. This includes paying particular attention to women’s rights and ensuring women’s meaningful participation in international decision-making processes related to climate change. Canada continuously works to implement the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change’s (UNFCCC), Enhanced Lima Work Programme on Gender (LWPG) and its Gender Action Plan (GAP) and continues to mainstream gender equality in the UNFCCC process.

Target theme: Take Action on Gender Equality

Target: By 2026, at least 37% of the environmental and clean technology sector are women

(Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Invest in women’s skills, employment, and leadership	Eliminate barriers and promote young women’s employment and participation in decision-making through skills, training, and mentorship initiatives, such as the Science Horizons Youth Internship Program led by Environment and Climate Change Canada. Program: Science Horizons Youth Internship Program	Performance indicator:Percentage of women aged 15-30 who are employed Starting point and fiscal year: 52% in 2022-23 Target: At least 55% in 2023-24	ECCC actively aims to eliminate barriers for young women post-secondary graduates (age 15-30) looking to pursue a career in STEM and gain meaningful work experience to train them for the labor force. This is offered through skills training, leadership, mentorship, and professional internship opportunities. ECCC has enforced dedicated targets for the program to ensure increased participation and opportunities for women, helping reduce the systemic barriers to gender equality. From 2019-20 onwards, program uptake by young women has been over 50% annually. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 4: Promote knowledge and skills for sustainable development (Target 4.4)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Invest in women’s skills, employment, and leadership

Eliminate barriers and promote young women’s employment and participation in decision-making through skills, training, and mentorship initiatives, such as the Science Horizons Youth Internship Program led by Environment and Climate Change Canada.

Program: Science Horizons Youth Internship Program

Performance indicator:Percentage of women aged 15-30 who are employed

Starting point and fiscal year: 52% in 2022-23

Target: At least 55% in 2023-24

ECCC actively aims to eliminate barriers for young women post-secondary graduates (age 15-30) looking to pursue a career in STEM and gain meaningful work experience to train them for the labor force. This is offered through skills training, leadership, mentorship, and professional internship opportunities. ECCC has enforced dedicated targets for the program to ensure increased participation and opportunities for women, helping reduce the systemic barriers to gender equality. From 2019-20 onwards, program uptake by young women has been over 50% annually.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 4: Promote knowledge and skills for sustainable development (Target 4.4)

Goal 6: Ensure clean and safe water for all Canadians

FSDS context:

To improve water quality in key ecosystems, ECCC works with partners across Canada and the United States. The Department conducts and shares results of scientific research and monitoring, contributes science expertise and funding to improve local ecosystems, and develops and enforces regulations to protect freshwater from harmful substances. For example, ECCC administers and enforces the pollution prevention provisions of the Fisheries Act, the Migratory Birds Convention Act, effluent regulations for municipal wastewater, pulp and paper mills and the metal and diamond mining industry. ECCC also works with the U.S. to improve the management of water shared by both countries through the International Joint Commission, and utilises instruments such as the Canada–U.S. Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement.

Through the Freshwater Action Plan, ECCC works with provinces and territories, Indigenous communities, scientists, and other stakeholders to support monitoring, assessment, and restoration work in the Great Lakes, Lake Winnipeg, Lake of the Woods, St. Lawrence River, Fraser River, Wolastoq/Saint John River, Mackenzie River, and Lake Simcoe. The Freshwater Action Plan will also support better coordination of efforts to protect freshwater in major waterbodies across Canada. Additionally, the Zero Plastic Waste Agenda helps prevent plastic pollution from entering Canada’s waterways and oceans via scientific research, regulation, and cooperation with other levels of government to keep plastics in the economy and out of the environment. Moreover, the EcoAction Community Funding Program supports numerous community-based prevention and clean-up actions, many of which engage diverse groups and focus on water systems and wetlands.

Target theme: Healthy lakes and rivers

Target: By 2027, action plans are in place to advance restoration and protection of major lakes and rivers in Canada (Minister of Environment and Climate Change)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Develop knowledge of water sustainability in Canada	Provide information, data, and expertise for domestic and international water boards to support efforts to regulate lakes and river basins. Program: Water Quality and Ecosystems Partnerships; Hydrological Services	Performance indicator: Number of Indigenous organizations/ communities participating in Great Lakes decision-making processes and projects that restore and protect Great Lakes water quality Starting point and fiscal year: 35 in 2018-19 Target: At least 35 by 2023-24 Note: This indicator is a good measure of the FSDS goal, target and contributing action because it demonstrates how Canada is working with Indigenous communities and organizations to address Great Lakes issues, and ensuring Indigenous partners have a role in Great Lakes governance and decision-making.	ECCC supports partners to take action to improve water quality and ecosystem health, including by reducing phosphorus loading in key ecosystems, through: Collaboration with the provinces and territories, by way of agreements. Collaboration with the U.S. Participation in targeted studies focused on improving inter-jurisdictional water management. Partnering with Indigenous Peoples to increase collaboration in priority freshwater ecosystems. Contributing to the effective management of other boundary and transboundary waters. ECCC’s Freshwater Quality Monitoring and Surveillance and Hydrological Services program contributes to the goal of ensuring clean and safe water for all Canadians through the provision of water quality and quantity data and advice to domestic and international water boards. These boards are responsible for the regulation of specific lakes and rivers and effective management of other boundary and transboundary waters. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.6)
Performance indicator: Percentage of commitments under the 2021 Canada–Ontario Agreement on Great Lakes Water Quality and Ecosystem Health (COA) that are either on track or have been achieved Starting point and fiscal year: 93% in 2022-23 Target: 100% by 2026-27 Note: This indicator is a good measure of the FSDS goal, target and contributing action because it demonstrates how Canada is working with the Province of Ontario and other partners. The Canada-Ontario Agreement (COA) is the instrument through which Canada and the Province of Ontario work together, in collaboration with many partners (e.g., Indigenous partners), to restore and protect Great Lakes water quality and ecosystem health. Activities that advance COA implementation result in critical information, data, etc. required for the effective management of the Great Lakes.	Through the Freshwater Action Plan, ECCC combines science and action to address the most significant environmental challenges affecting Great Lakes water quality and ecosystem health and deliver on Canada’s commitments under the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA). ECCC collaborates with other federal departments and agencies as well as the Province of Ontario through the Canada–Ontario Agreement on Great Lakes Water Quality and Ecosystem Health to deliver on Canada’s commitments under the GLWQA. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.6)
Performance indicator: Percentage of water board members rating their satisfaction with Environment and Climate Change Canada’s involvement on water boards and committees as 8 out of 10 or higher Starting point and fiscal year: 70% in 2014-15 Target: At least 80% by 2023-24 Note: Water boards that manage water resources in several inter-jurisdictional basins across Canada are a major client of the data and information collected and disseminated by the Freshwater Quality Monitoring and Surveillance (FWQMS) program and National Hydrometric Program (NHP). The NHP is co-managed and cost-shared between provincial, territorial, and federal governments. The federal component of the NHP, ECCC’s National Hydrological Service, solicits feedback from these water board clients through an annual survey, developed with input from the International Joint Commission, which is responsible for many but not all international boards between Canada and the USA.	ECCC support efforts to regulate lakes and river basins through: Collaboration with the provinces and territories, by way of agreements. Collaboration with the U.S. through the international Joint Commission. Participation in targeted studies focused on improving inter-jurisdictional water management. Contributing to the effective management of other boundary and transboundary waters. ECCC’s Hydrological Services program contributes to the goal of ensuring clean and safe water for all Canadians through the provision of water quantity data and advice to domestic and international water boards. These boards are responsible for the regulation of specific lakes and rivers and effective management of other boundary and transboundary waters. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.5)
Performance indicator: Number of Indigenous governments, organizations and communities engaged in efforts that restore and protect Lake Winnipeg water quality Starting point and fiscal year: 26 partners in 2022-23 Target: Target to be made available in December 2023^{Footnote 4} Note: Healthy waterbodies and watersheds are required to sustain the traditional cultural, spiritual, and economic activities of Indigenous people and their communities. Indigenous governments, organizations, and communities have historically been underrepresented in efforts to improve water quality in Lake Winnipeg and its basin.	Through the Freshwater Action Plan, ECCC combines science and action to address the most significant water quality challenges affecting Lake Winnipeg and its basin. In collaboration with partners and through financial support to stakeholders, ECCC enables nutrient reductions from high-yielding sources and supports collaborative approaches and engagement of Indigenous Peoples on efforts that improve water quality and the ecosystem health of the Lake Winnipeg. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.6)
Implement water quality and ecosystem partnership programs	Restore and protect Canada’s freshwater and priority ecosystems such as the Great Lakes through sound science and collaboration with partners, including Indigenous Peoples through the Freshwater Action Plan. Program: Water Quality and Ecosystems Partnerships	Performance indicator: Number of required actions completed to restore six Areas of Concern in the Great Lakes, as outlined in the 2021 Canada–Ontario Agreement on Great Lakes Water Quality and Ecosystem Health Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2021-22 Target: At least 6 by 2026-27 Note: This indicator is a good measure of the FSDS goal, target and contributing action because it demonstrates how Canada is taking action and collaborating with a range of partners under the GLWQA and COA to restore water quality and ecosystem health in the most degraded locations in the Great Lakes.	Through the Freshwater Action Plan, ECCC combines science and action to address the most significant environmental challenges affecting Great Lakes water quality and ecosystem health and deliver on Canada’s commitments under the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA). Canada collaborates with the Province of Ontario and other domestic partners to deliver on Canada’s commitments under the GLWQA through the Canada–Ontario Agreement on Great Lakes Water Quality and Ecosystem Health (COA). This includes ECCC collaboration with partners to restore water quality and ecosystem health in the most degraded hotspots in the Great Lakes, known as Areas of Concern through: Collaboration with other governments, Indigenous Peoples, and other regional partners to improve water quality and ecosystem health, including through: The Canada-US Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. The Canada-Ontario Agreement on Great Lakes Water Quality and Ecosystem Health; and The Canada-Ontario Lake Erie Action Plan. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.6)
Support the restoration and protection of Canada’s freshwater and priority ecosystems, such as the Lake Winnipeg Basin, through sound science and in collaboration with Indigenous and other regional partners across Canada through the Freshwater Action Plan. Program: Water Quality and Ecosystems Partnerships	Performance indicator: Total annual reduction in tonnes of phosphorus, causing toxic and nuisance algae, from Canadian sources to Lake Winnipeg Starting point and fiscal year: TBD based on program reports from 2022-23 Target: Target to be made available in 2023-24^{Footnote 5} Note: The Lake Winnipeg Basin Program is a means by which the Government of Canada can work with others to support actions that reduce nutrient loading and demonstrate the type of projects/activities that can be effective. Phosphorus is the key nutrient associated with harmful and nuisance algal blooms and Lake Winnipeg is the receiving water body of excess nutrient loading in the basin. The current target of number of tonnes (TBD) by 2032-33 (March) builds on the nutrient reduction achievements since 2007.	Through the Freshwater Action Plan, ECCC combines science and action to address the most significant water quality challenges affecting Lake Winnipeg and its basin. ECCC supports nutrient-reduction efforts in the Lake Winnipeg Basin through collaboration and engagement of Indigenous Peoples on freshwater issues, and through the implementation of the Canada-Manitoba Memorandum of Understanding Respecting Lake Winnipeg and the Lake Winnipeg Basin through funding provided by the Freshwater Action Plan. In collaboration with partners and through financial support to stakeholders, ECCC enables nutrient reductions from high-yielding sources and supports collaborative approaches and engagement of Indigenous Peoples on efforts that improve water quality and the ecosystem health of the Lake Winnipeg. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.6)
Work to protect Canada’s freshwater and priority ecosystems such as the St. Lawrence River and other major river basins in Atlantic, Western, and Northern ecosystems, through sound science and regulatory tools and in collaboration with Indigenous and other partners across Canada. Program: Water Quality and Ecosystems Partnerships	Performance indicator: Percentage of indicators in the “State of the St. Lawrence River” five-year report which show a trend of being stable or improving Starting point and fiscal year: 85% in 2019 (2014-2019) Target: At least 90% in 2024-2025 (2019-2024) Note: This indicator is a good measure of the effectiveness of programs dedicated to improving the environment.	By supporting and advancing governance in specific basins, ECCC enables the sharing of information, thus enhancing capacity via funded projects, increased coordination of effort, and engagement among stakeholders from various sectors. ECCC also supports coordination and oversight to ecosystem management, develops and shares science, and funds proposals that leverage contributions from other sources. The department engages and supports coordinated effort among diverse stakeholders, including other levels of government and watershed governance bodies in Canada and the U.S., Indigenous organizations, non-government organizations and industry, as well as post-secondary institutions including through: The Canada-Quebec Agreement on the St. Lawrence 2011–2026 (the St. Lawrence Action Plan 2011-2026); The Atlantic Ecosystems Initiatives; and The Wolastoq/Saint John River initiative (Freshwater Action Plan, Other Major Basins). The Atlantic Ecosystems Initiative (AEI) supports projects that improve the health, productivity, and long-term sustainability of aquatic ecosystems in Atlantic Canada focusing on the Wolastoq/Saint John River as part of the Freshwater Action Plan. AEI projects leverage funds, build extensive partnerships, and facilitate collaborative action, resulting in projects that contribute to FSDS Goal 6 by reducing nutrients, plastics, and bacteria in priority Atlantic Canadian watersheds. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.6)
Performance indicator:Average number of non-federal partnerships established during the implementation of the St. Lawrence Action Plan (SLAP) activities and projects which are not part of the Community Interaction Program Starting point and fiscal year 1 in 2021-22 Target: At least 1.6 by 2023-24 Note: The State of the St. Lawrence Monitoring Program (SSLMP) launched in 2003, allows federal and provincial partners to pool their expertise in regular reports on the state and evolution of the St. Lawrence River. The resulting environmental data and information are based on the follow-up of 21 to 24 indicators and used to facilitate decision-making and determine appropriate measures for promoting St. Lawrence conservation. The main objective of this monitoring program is to report on the state and evolution of the St. Lawrence using scientific information by: coordinating the environmental monitoring activities carried out on the St. Lawrence by the participants, selected based on their relevance for the entire St. Lawrence and its riparian zone. optimizing the participants’ acquisition of environmental data on the St. Lawrence to avoid duplication of efforts; and maximizing the environmental information that is obtained by interpreting it in light of the data collected through other SSLMP monitoring activities.
Performance indicator: Average number of non-federal partnerships established during the implementation of the St. Lawrence Action Plan (SLAP) activities and projects which are part of the Community Interaction Program Starting point and fiscal year: 5 in 2021-22 Target: At least 5 by 2023-24 Note: The Community Interaction Program (CIP) under the St. Lawrence Action Plan provides funding for projects led by Indigenous communities and not-for-profit organizations to conserve biodiversity, improve water quality and ecosystems of the St. Lawrence River, and ensure its sustainable use. This program works to ensure the improvement of ecological health of the St Lawrence through partnerships, thus directly contributing to the FSDS contributing action.
Implement the EcoAction Community Funding Program which provides up to 50% in matching funding to not-for-profit and non-government organizations to undertake local projects that will help protect freshwater quality. Program: Community Eco-Action	Performance indicator: Number of Canadians engaged in activities funded by the Eco-Action Program Starting point and fiscal year: 123,880 in 2017-18 Target: At least 794,292 in 2023-24 Note: This indicator is a good measure of the FSDS Goal 6, as it demonstrates the Government of Canada’s commitment to clean and healthy lakes and rivers by providing funding support to community groups for action-based projects that provide opportunities for community engagement to deliver projects that produce measurable, positive impacts on the environment, as well as build capacity in the communities.	By supporting local ecosystem improvement projects, ECCC will engage Canadians in long-term sustainability of healthy and productive ecosystems. ECCC provides funding to partner-led projects (through the St. Lawrence Action Plan) and other regional initiatives that restore and protect water quality and ecosystem health. Project funding is leveraged by encouraging proponents to secure other sources of financial and in-kind support to maximize the impact of their project(s). Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.B)
Provide quality assured water quantity data and information (river flow and level) to various stakeholders to assist them in water management, planning and related decision-making. Program: Hydrological Services	Performance indicator: Percentage of program partners rating their satisfaction with Environment and Climate Change Canada’s hydrological services as 8 out of 10 or higher Starting point and fiscal year: 69% in 2022-23 Target: At least 80% annually Note: This measure is suitable for the contributing action “better understanding lake and river ecosystems” because water quantity information is primarily used by Provinces and Territories, other government organizations and targeted stakeholders to support water management and decision-making.	By contributing expertise and conducting and sharing research and monitoring data to decision makers, ECCC enables sound decisions and appropriate actions to protect and preserve the quantity of Canada’s freshwater. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.5)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Develop knowledge of water sustainability in Canada

Provide information, data, and expertise for domestic and international water boards to support efforts to regulate lakes and river basins.

Program: Water Quality and Ecosystems Partnerships; Hydrological Services

Performance indicator: Number of Indigenous organizations/ communities participating in Great Lakes decision-making processes and projects that restore and protect Great Lakes water quality

Starting point and fiscal year: 35 in 2018-19

Target: At least 35 by 2023-24

Note: This indicator is a good measure of the FSDS goal, target and contributing action because it demonstrates how Canada is working with Indigenous communities and organizations to address Great Lakes issues, and ensuring Indigenous partners have a role in Great Lakes governance and decision-making.

ECCC supports partners to take action to improve water quality and ecosystem health, including by reducing phosphorus loading in key ecosystems, through:

Collaboration with the provinces and territories, by way of agreements.
Collaboration with the U.S.
Participation in targeted studies focused on improving inter-jurisdictional water management.
Partnering with Indigenous Peoples to increase collaboration in priority freshwater ecosystems.
Contributing to the effective management of other boundary and transboundary waters.

ECCC’s Freshwater Quality Monitoring and Surveillance and Hydrological Services program contributes to the goal of ensuring clean and safe water for all Canadians through the provision of water quality and quantity data and advice to domestic and international water boards. These boards are responsible for the regulation of specific lakes and rivers and effective management of other boundary and transboundary waters.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.6)

Performance indicator: Percentage of commitments under the 2021 Canada–Ontario Agreement on Great Lakes Water Quality and Ecosystem Health (COA) that are either on track or have been achieved

Starting point and fiscal year: 93% in 2022-23

Target: 100% by 2026-27

Note: This indicator is a good measure of the FSDS goal, target and contributing action because it demonstrates how Canada is working with the Province of Ontario and other partners.
The Canada-Ontario Agreement (COA) is the instrument through which Canada and the Province of Ontario work together, in collaboration with many partners (e.g., Indigenous partners), to restore and protect Great Lakes water quality and ecosystem health. Activities that advance COA implementation result in critical information, data, etc. required for the effective management of the Great Lakes.

Through the Freshwater Action Plan, ECCC combines science and action to address the most significant environmental challenges affecting Great Lakes water quality and ecosystem health and deliver on Canada’s commitments under the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA). ECCC collaborates with other federal departments and agencies as well as the Province of Ontario through the Canada–Ontario Agreement on Great Lakes Water Quality and Ecosystem Health to deliver on Canada’s commitments under the GLWQA.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.6)

Performance indicator: Percentage of water board members rating their satisfaction with Environment and Climate Change Canada’s involvement on water boards and committees as 8 out of 10 or higher

Starting point and fiscal year: 70% in 2014-15

Target: At least 80% by 2023-24

Note: Water boards that manage water resources in several inter-jurisdictional basins across Canada are a major client of the data and information collected and disseminated by the Freshwater Quality Monitoring and Surveillance (FWQMS) program and National Hydrometric Program (NHP). The NHP is co-managed and cost-shared between provincial, territorial, and federal governments. The federal component of the NHP, ECCC’s National Hydrological Service, solicits feedback from these water board clients through an annual survey, developed with input from the International Joint Commission, which is responsible for many but not all international boards between Canada and the USA.

ECCC support efforts to regulate lakes and river basins through:

Collaboration with the provinces and territories, by way of agreements.
Collaboration with the U.S. through the international Joint Commission.
Participation in targeted studies focused on improving inter-jurisdictional water management.
Contributing to the effective management of other boundary and transboundary waters.

ECCC’s Hydrological Services program contributes to the goal of ensuring clean and safe water for all Canadians through the provision of water quantity data and advice to domestic and international water boards. These boards are responsible for the regulation of specific lakes and rivers and effective management of other boundary and transboundary waters.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.5)

Performance indicator: Number of Indigenous governments, organizations and communities engaged in efforts that restore and protect Lake Winnipeg water quality

Starting point and fiscal year: 26 partners in 2022-23

Target: Target to be made available in December 2023^{Footnote 4}

Note: Healthy waterbodies and watersheds are required to sustain the traditional cultural, spiritual, and economic activities of Indigenous people and their communities. Indigenous governments, organizations, and communities have historically been underrepresented in efforts to improve water quality in Lake Winnipeg and its basin.

Through the Freshwater Action Plan, ECCC combines science and action to address the most significant water quality challenges affecting Lake Winnipeg and its basin. In collaboration with partners and through financial support to stakeholders, ECCC enables nutrient reductions from high-yielding sources and supports collaborative approaches and engagement of Indigenous Peoples on efforts that improve water quality and the ecosystem health of the Lake Winnipeg.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.6)

Implement water quality and ecosystem partnership programs

Restore and protect Canada’s freshwater and priority ecosystems such as the Great Lakes through sound science and collaboration with partners, including Indigenous Peoples through the Freshwater Action Plan.

Program: Water Quality and Ecosystems Partnerships

Performance indicator: Number of required actions completed to restore six Areas of Concern in the Great Lakes, as outlined in the 2021 Canada–Ontario Agreement on Great Lakes Water Quality and Ecosystem Health

Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2021-22

Target: At least 6 by 2026-27

Note: This indicator is a good measure of the FSDS goal, target and contributing action because it demonstrates how Canada is taking action and collaborating with a range of partners under the GLWQA and COA to restore water quality and ecosystem health in the most degraded locations in the Great Lakes.

Through the Freshwater Action Plan, ECCC combines science and action to address the most significant environmental challenges affecting Great Lakes water quality and ecosystem health and deliver on Canada’s commitments under the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA).
Canada collaborates with the Province of Ontario and other domestic partners to deliver on Canada’s commitments under the GLWQA through the Canada–Ontario Agreement on Great Lakes Water Quality and Ecosystem Health (COA). This includes ECCC collaboration with partners to restore water quality and ecosystem health in the most degraded hotspots in the Great Lakes, known as Areas of Concern through:

Collaboration with other governments, Indigenous Peoples, and other regional partners to improve water quality and ecosystem health, including through: The Canada-US Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement.
The Canada-Ontario Agreement on Great Lakes Water Quality and Ecosystem Health; and
The Canada-Ontario Lake Erie Action Plan.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.6)

Support the restoration and protection of Canada’s freshwater and priority ecosystems, such as the Lake Winnipeg Basin, through sound science and in collaboration with Indigenous and other regional partners across Canada through the Freshwater Action Plan.

Program: Water Quality and Ecosystems Partnerships

Performance indicator: Total annual reduction in tonnes of phosphorus, causing toxic and nuisance algae, from Canadian sources to Lake Winnipeg

Starting point and fiscal year: TBD based on program reports from 2022-23

Target: Target to be made available in 2023-24^{Footnote 5}

Note: The Lake Winnipeg Basin Program is a means by which the Government of Canada can work with others to support actions that reduce nutrient loading and demonstrate the type of projects/activities that can be effective.
Phosphorus is the key nutrient associated with harmful and nuisance algal blooms and Lake Winnipeg is the receiving water body of excess nutrient loading in the basin. The current target of number of tonnes (TBD) by 2032-33 (March) builds on the nutrient reduction achievements since 2007.

Through the Freshwater Action Plan, ECCC combines science and action to address the most significant water quality challenges affecting Lake Winnipeg and its basin. ECCC supports nutrient-reduction efforts in the Lake Winnipeg Basin through collaboration and engagement of Indigenous Peoples on freshwater issues, and through the implementation of the Canada-Manitoba Memorandum of Understanding Respecting Lake Winnipeg and the Lake Winnipeg Basin through funding provided by the Freshwater Action Plan. In collaboration with partners and through financial support to stakeholders, ECCC enables nutrient reductions from high-yielding sources and supports collaborative approaches and engagement of Indigenous Peoples on efforts that improve water quality and the ecosystem health of the Lake Winnipeg.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.6)

Work to protect Canada’s freshwater and priority ecosystems such as the St. Lawrence River and other major river basins in Atlantic, Western, and Northern ecosystems, through sound science and regulatory tools and in collaboration with Indigenous and other partners across Canada.

Program: Water Quality and Ecosystems Partnerships

Performance indicator: Percentage of indicators in the “State of the St. Lawrence River” five-year report which show a trend of being stable or improving

Starting point and fiscal year: 85% in 2019 (2014-2019)

Target: At least 90% in 2024-2025 (2019-2024)

Note: This indicator is a good measure of the effectiveness of programs dedicated to improving the environment.

By supporting and advancing governance in specific basins, ECCC enables the sharing of information, thus enhancing capacity via funded projects, increased coordination of effort, and engagement among stakeholders from various sectors. ECCC also supports coordination and oversight to ecosystem management, develops and shares science, and funds proposals that leverage contributions from other sources. The department engages and supports coordinated effort among diverse stakeholders, including other levels of government and watershed governance bodies in Canada and the U.S., Indigenous organizations, non-government organizations and industry, as well as post-secondary institutions including through: The Canada-Quebec Agreement on the St. Lawrence 2011–2026 (the St. Lawrence Action Plan 2011-2026); The Atlantic Ecosystems Initiatives; and The Wolastoq/Saint John River initiative (Freshwater Action Plan, Other Major Basins). The Atlantic Ecosystems Initiative (AEI) supports projects that improve the health, productivity, and long-term sustainability of aquatic ecosystems in Atlantic Canada focusing on the Wolastoq/Saint John River as part of the Freshwater Action Plan. AEI projects leverage funds, build extensive partnerships, and facilitate collaborative action, resulting in projects that contribute to FSDS Goal 6 by reducing nutrients, plastics, and bacteria in priority Atlantic Canadian watersheds.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.6)

Performance indicator:Average number of non-federal partnerships established during the implementation of the St. Lawrence Action Plan (SLAP) activities and projects which are not part of the Community Interaction Program

Starting point and fiscal year 1 in 2021-22

Target: At least 1.6 by 2023-24

Note: The State of the St. Lawrence
Monitoring Program (SSLMP) launched in 2003, allows federal and provincial partners to pool their expertise in regular reports on the state and evolution of the St. Lawrence River.
The resulting environmental data and information are based on the follow-up of 21 to 24 indicators and used to facilitate decision-making and determine appropriate measures for promoting St. Lawrence conservation.
The main objective of this monitoring program is to report on the state and evolution of the St. Lawrence using scientific information by:
coordinating the environmental monitoring activities carried out on the St. Lawrence by the participants, selected based on their relevance for the entire St. Lawrence and its riparian zone.
optimizing the participants’ acquisition of environmental data on the St. Lawrence to avoid duplication of efforts; and maximizing the environmental information that is obtained by interpreting it in light of the data collected through other SSLMP monitoring activities.

Performance indicator: Average number of non-federal partnerships established during the implementation of the St. Lawrence Action Plan (SLAP) activities and projects which are part of the Community Interaction Program

Starting point and fiscal year: 5 in 2021-22

Target: At least 5 by 2023-24

Note: The Community Interaction Program (CIP) under the St. Lawrence Action Plan provides funding for projects led by Indigenous communities and not-for-profit organizations to conserve biodiversity, improve water quality and ecosystems of the St. Lawrence River, and ensure its sustainable use. This program works to ensure the improvement of ecological health of the St Lawrence through partnerships, thus directly contributing to the FSDS contributing action.

Implement the EcoAction Community Funding Program which provides up to 50% in matching funding to not-for-profit and non-government organizations to undertake local projects that will help protect freshwater quality.

Program: Community Eco-Action

Performance indicator: Number of Canadians engaged in activities funded by the Eco-Action Program

Starting point and fiscal year: 123,880 in 2017-18

Target: At least 794,292 in 2023-24

Note: This indicator is a good measure of the FSDS Goal 6, as it demonstrates the Government of Canada’s commitment to clean and healthy lakes and rivers by providing funding support to community groups for action-based projects that provide opportunities for community engagement to deliver projects that produce measurable, positive impacts on the environment, as well as build capacity in the communities.

By supporting local ecosystem improvement projects, ECCC will engage Canadians in long-term sustainability of healthy and productive ecosystems.
ECCC provides funding to partner-led projects (through the St. Lawrence Action Plan) and other regional initiatives that restore and protect water quality and ecosystem health. Project funding is leveraged by encouraging proponents to secure other sources of financial and in-kind support to maximize the impact of their project(s).

Relevant targets or ambitions:
GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.B)

Provide quality assured water quantity data and information (river flow and level) to various stakeholders to assist them in water management, planning and related decision-making.

Program: Hydrological Services

Performance indicator: Percentage of program partners rating their satisfaction with Environment and Climate Change Canada’s hydrological services as 8 out of 10 or higher

Starting point and fiscal year: 69% in 2022-23

Target: At least 80% annually

Note: This measure is suitable for the contributing action “better understanding lake and river ecosystems” because water quantity information is primarily used by Provinces and Territories, other government organizations and targeted stakeholders to support water management and decision-making.

By contributing expertise and conducting and sharing research and monitoring data to decision makers, ECCC enables sound decisions and appropriate actions to protect and preserve the quantity of Canada’s freshwater.

Relevant targets or ambitions:
GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.5)

Target: By December 2040, 100% of wastewater systems achieve effluent quality standards
(Minister of Environment and Climate Change)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Implement the Wastewater Systems Effluent Regulations	Administer, enforce, implement a risk-based approach, and promote compliance with federal laws. Program: Substances and Waste Management	Performance indicator: Percentage of wastewater systems where effluent quality standards are achieved Starting point and fiscal year: 77% in 2015-16 Target: 100% by 2040-41 Note: In Canada, municipal wastewater is the largest point source of pollution entering lakes and rivers. Ensuring municipal wastewater treatment plant effluents comply with Wastewater System Effluent Regulations reduces the risk of contaminants in the effluent harming aquatic plants and animals.	Ensuring high compliance rates with the Fisheries Act pollution prevention provisions and with FA regulations including the Wastewater Systems Effluent Regulations (WSER), the Pulp and Paper Effluent Regulations (PPER), and the Metal and Diamond Mining Effluent Regulations (MDMER); the Environment Effects Monitoring (EEM) requirements under the PPER and MDMER; and the Experimental Lakes Area (ELA) Regulations; to help improve water quality in lakes and rivers by such contributing to the FSDS goal. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Implement the Wastewater Systems Effluent Regulations

Administer, enforce, implement a risk-based approach, and promote compliance with federal laws.

Program: Substances and Waste Management

Performance indicator: Percentage of wastewater systems where effluent quality standards are achieved

Starting point and fiscal year: 77% in 2015-16

Target: 100% by 2040-41

Note: In Canada, municipal wastewater is the largest point source of pollution entering lakes and rivers. Ensuring municipal wastewater treatment plant effluents comply with Wastewater System Effluent Regulations reduces the risk of contaminants in the effluent harming aquatic plants and animals.

Ensuring high compliance rates with the Fisheries Act pollution prevention provisions and with FA regulations including the Wastewater Systems Effluent Regulations (WSER), the Pulp and Paper Effluent Regulations (PPER), and the Metal and Diamond Mining Effluent Regulations (MDMER); the Environment Effects Monitoring (EEM) requirements under the PPER and MDMER; and the Experimental Lakes Area (ELA) Regulations; to help improve water quality in lakes and rivers by such contributing to the FSDS goal.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3)

Initiatives advancing Canada’s implementation of SDG 6 – Clean Water and Sanitation

The following initiatives demonstrate how Environment and Climate Change Canada programming supports the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs, supplementing the information outlined above.

Planned initiatives	Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets
The Water Quality and Ecosystems Partnerships Program (WQEP) aims to contribute to the integrated management of Canada’s priority ecosystems, including improving their water quality and restoring them to a healthy, productive, and sustainable state. Priority ecosystems under the Freshwater Action Plan include the Great Lakes, Lake Winnipeg, Lake of the Woods, St. Lawrence River, Fraser River, Saint John River, Mackenzie River, and Lake Simcoe. Key science activities include research on the effects of contaminants on aquatic ecosystems, and monitoring Canada’s freshwater and shellfish harvesting areas. The Program contributes coordination and oversight to ecosystem management, develops and shares science, and funds proposals that restore and protect freshwater quality and ecosystem health, while also leveraging contributions from other sources. It engages and supports coordinated efforts among diverse stakeholders, including other levels of government and watershed governance bodies in Canada and the U.S., Indigenous organizations, nongovernment organizations and industry, as well as post-secondary institutions. Other useful information on water quality and ecosystems: Natural resources Water and the environment Cleaning up our lakes and rivers Protecting freshwater	These ECCC programs contribute to advancing: Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions: Canadians have access to drinking water and use it in a sustainable manner Target: No specific target Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets: 6.3 By 2030, improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and materials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally 6.5 By 2030, implement integrated water resources management at all levels, including through transboundary cooperation as appropriate 6.5.1 Degree of integrated water resources management implementation (0–100) 6.5.2 Proportion of transboundary basin area with an operational arrangement for water cooperation 6.6 By 2020, protect and restore water-related ecosystems, including mountains, forests, wetlands, rivers, aquifers and lakes 6.6.1 Change in the extent of water-related ecosystems over time 6.a By 2030, expand international cooperation and capacity-building support to developing countries in water- and sanitation-related activities and programmes, including water harvesting, desalination, water efficiency, wastewater treatment, recycling, and reuse technologies 6.b Support and strengthen the participation of local communities in improving water and sanitation management.
The EcoAction Community Funding Program aims to increase Canadians’ participation in activities to protect, conserve and restore the environment. It provides financial support for local action-focused projects, which produce measurable, positive effects on the environment and build the capacity of communities to sustain these activities into the future. The Environmental Damages Fund (EDF) is a Specified Purpose Account (SPA) administered by ECCC to direct funds received from fines, court orders and voluntary payments to priority projects that will benefit Canada’s natural environment. Other useful information on EcoAction: Environmental conservation and protection Environmental funding
The Management of Substances and Waste Program aims to reduce threats to the health of Canadians and their environment from harmful substances and waste through various actions and activities including stakeholder engagement, information gathering, research, monitoring, tracking, and reporting of harmful substances, and assessing and managing their risks to the environment. Other useful information on substances and waste management: Pollution and waste management Managing and reducing waste Managing substances in the environment Plastic waste and pollution reduction
The Canada Water Agency will work with provinces, territories, Indigenous Peoples, local authorities, scientists, and other partners to support the implementation of the Freshwater Action Plan, find the best ways to keep our water safe, clean, and well managed for all Canadians, and coordinate efforts toward this common goal. One of the first priorities of the agency will be to begin the work of modernizing the Canada Water Act to reflect the changing reality of fresh water in Canada, including the impacts of climate change and the importance of Indigenous rights. As stewards of these lands and waters for millennia, consultation and cooperation with Indigenous Peoples is critical. The Freshwater Action Plan will support regionally specific measures to further protect Canada's freshwater reserves across the country from Lake Winnipeg to the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes, to the Mackenzie River. The Plan will continue to improve water quality and respond to the impacts of climate change, including through monitoring, assessment, and restoration work. The Canada Water Agency will lead the delivery of major elements of the Freshwater Action Plan.

Planned initiatives

Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets

The Water Quality and Ecosystems Partnerships Program (WQEP) aims to contribute to the integrated management of Canada’s priority ecosystems, including improving their water quality and restoring them to a healthy, productive, and sustainable state. Priority ecosystems under the Freshwater Action Plan include the Great Lakes, Lake Winnipeg, Lake of the Woods, St. Lawrence River, Fraser River, Saint John River, Mackenzie River, and Lake Simcoe. Key science activities include research on the effects of contaminants on aquatic ecosystems, and monitoring Canada’s freshwater and shellfish harvesting areas. The Program contributes coordination and oversight to ecosystem management, develops and shares science, and funds proposals that restore and protect freshwater quality and ecosystem health, while also leveraging contributions from other sources. It engages and supports coordinated efforts among diverse stakeholders, including other levels of government and watershed governance bodies in Canada and the U.S., Indigenous organizations, nongovernment organizations and industry, as well as post-secondary institutions. Other useful information on water quality and ecosystems:

These ECCC programs contribute to advancing:

Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions:

Canadians have access to drinking water and use it in a sustainable manner
Target: No specific target

Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets:

6.3 By 2030, improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and materials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally
6.5 By 2030, implement integrated water resources management at all levels, including through transboundary cooperation as appropriate
6.5.1 Degree of integrated water resources management implementation (0–100)
6.5.2 Proportion of transboundary basin area with an operational arrangement for water cooperation
6.6 By 2020, protect and restore water-related ecosystems, including mountains, forests, wetlands, rivers, aquifers and lakes
6.6.1 Change in the extent of water-related ecosystems over time
6.a By 2030, expand international cooperation and capacity-building support to developing countries in water- and sanitation-related activities and programmes, including water harvesting, desalination, water efficiency, wastewater treatment, recycling, and reuse technologies
6.b Support and strengthen the participation of local communities in improving water and sanitation management.

The EcoAction Community Funding Program aims to increase Canadians’ participation in activities to protect, conserve and restore the environment. It provides financial support for local action-focused projects, which produce measurable, positive effects on the environment and build the capacity of communities to sustain these activities into the future. The Environmental Damages Fund (EDF) is a Specified Purpose Account (SPA) administered by ECCC to direct funds received from fines, court orders and voluntary payments to priority projects that will benefit Canada’s natural environment.
Other useful information on EcoAction:

The Management of Substances and Waste Program aims to reduce threats to the health of Canadians and their environment from harmful substances and waste through various actions and activities including stakeholder engagement, information gathering, research, monitoring, tracking, and reporting of harmful substances, and assessing and managing their risks to the environment. Other useful information on substances and waste management:

The Canada Water Agency will work with provinces, territories, Indigenous Peoples, local authorities, scientists, and other partners to support the implementation of the Freshwater Action Plan, find the best ways to keep our water safe, clean, and well managed for all Canadians, and coordinate efforts toward this common goal. One of the first priorities of the agency will be to begin the work of modernizing the Canada Water Act to reflect the changing reality of fresh water in Canada, including the impacts of climate change and the importance of Indigenous rights. As stewards of these lands and waters for millennia, consultation and cooperation with Indigenous Peoples is critical.

The Freshwater Action Plan will support regionally specific measures to further protect Canada's freshwater reserves across the country from Lake Winnipeg to the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes, to the Mackenzie River. The Plan will continue to improve water quality and respond to the impacts of climate change, including through monitoring, assessment, and restoration work. The Canada Water Agency will lead the delivery of major elements of the Freshwater Action Plan.

Goal 7: Increase Canadians’ access to clean energy

FSDS context:

ECCC is working to advance the Government’s commitment to a net-zero electricity future and increase access to clean energy in Canada. Under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, ECCC is developing Clean Electricity Regulations (CER), which will be a key part of a suite of federal measures to move Canada’s electricity sector to net-zero by 2035. The CER will build on regulations which require the phase-out of unabated coal-fired electricity across Canada by 2030. As a co-founder of the Powering Past Coal Alliance (PPCA) and in partnership with the United Kingdom, ECCC continues to demonstrate Canada’s international leadership in the continued transition to clean energy. The PPCA aims to advance the global transition from coal power generation to cleaner energy.

ECCC also contributes to Canada’s transition to lower carbon and non-emitting fuels through the Clean Fuel Regulations, which require gasoline and diesel suppliers to reduce the carbon intensity of the fuels they produce and sell. ECCC supports a growing clean technology industry in Canada and the transition to a low-carbon economy by working with a diverse range of partners. This includes Green Municipal Fund investments to support the Federation of Canadian Municipalities in increasing energy efficiency in buildings, as well as supporting initiatives that decrease energy use, save money, and reduce carbon pollution, particularly for vulnerable populations.

Target theme: Renewable and non-emitting sources of electricity

Target: By 2030, 90%, and in the long term 100% of Canada's electricity is generated from renewable and
non-emitting sources (Minister of Natural Resources)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Play a leading role to promote clean and renewable energy	Continue to demonstrate a strong commitment to international leadership on clean growth and climate change. Program: International Environment and Climate Action	Performance indicator: Percentage of decisions or outcomes at multilateral decision-making body meetings (such as the UNFCCC, G7, G20, and UNEP, etc.) that reflect Canadian objectives Starting point and fiscal year: 86% in 2022-23 Target: At least 70% annually	ECCC takes a leadership role, contributes expertise to key international climate and economic fora, strengthen Canada’s capacity to contribute to a worldwide reduction of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to meet global targets, by: Leading Canada’s participation in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) with the aim of strengthening global efforts to implement the Paris Agreement. Continuing to engage internationally to advance ambitious and inclusive climate action, including through ensuring Indigenous Peoples are engaged in developing international climate policy, and by promoting gender equality and the role of women in climate action around the world. Continuing efforts to ensure that all Parties to the Paris Agreement undertake ambitious actions under a common framework reflecting the highest standards of transparency and environmental integrity; Promoting Canadian climate and environmental objectives in regional trade agreements and international fora such as the G7, G20, OECD, Francophonie, Commonwealth, the World Meteorological Organization and in other Ministerial meetings; and Leading by example on supporting the deployment of clean and renewable energy through actions like existing regulations to phase out unabated coal power by 2030, and the development of new Clean Electricity Regulations. Working with international partners will contribute to the Paris Agreement and the delivery of Canada’s $2.65B to support developing countries in tackling climate change. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.A)
Promote the global reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through the Powering Past Coal Alliance (PPCA), co-founded by Canada and the United Kingdom. Program: International Environment and Climate Action	Performance indicator: Collaborative processes conducted with stakeholders writ large Starting point and fiscal year: Indicator established in 2018-19 Target: Listing type/category of stakeholders met annually	ECCC will continue to advance Canada’s leadership role in the Powering Past Coal Alliance, which calls on governments and organizations to phase out unabated coal power in a timeframe compatible with the temperature goal of the Paris Agreement (i.e., phase-out by 2023 for OECD and EU, and by 2040 in the rest of the world). Transitioning to a low-carbon economy will require cleaner sources of energy, and coal phase-out is a key part of Canada’s plan to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy (Target 7.2, Target 7.A) SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Implement recommendations of the Arctic Council’s Expert Group on Black Carbon and Methane to contribute to the achievement of the collective goal on black carbon, including recommendations to switch to renewable and clean technologies. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation; Air Quality	Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in black carbon emissions Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2013 calendar year emissions levels Target: At least 25% by 2025-26	Canada contributed to the development of the Arctic Council Expert Group on Black Carbon and Methane’s recommendations, among which is a recommendation to reduce black carbon by stimulating the shift to alternative vehicle technologies and modes of transportation and through efficiency measures. Implementation of this recommendation will increase Canadians’ access to clean energy. These actions contribute to FSDS Goal 7 and the Clean Power Generation Target, as well as to FSDS Goals 11 and 13. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy (Target 7.a) UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Other	Develop Clean Electricity Regulations to ensure that Canada achieves a net-zero electricity grid by 2035. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Number of proposed regulations published in the Canada Gazette, Part 1, in 2023 Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2022-23 Target: 1 in 2023-24	The Clean Electricity Regulations will support the achievement of net-zero electricity grid by 2035 and enable the achievement of Canada’s economy-wide net-zero goals by 2050 through the development of a net-zero grid. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure (Target 9.4) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Play a leading role to promote clean and renewable energy

Continue to demonstrate a strong commitment to international leadership on clean growth and climate change.

Program: International Environment and Climate Action

Performance indicator: Percentage of decisions or outcomes at multilateral decision-making body meetings (such as the UNFCCC, G7, G20, and UNEP, etc.) that reflect Canadian objectives

Starting point and fiscal year: 86% in 2022-23

Target: At least 70% annually

ECCC takes a leadership role, contributes expertise to key international climate and economic fora, strengthen Canada’s capacity to contribute to a worldwide reduction of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to meet global targets, by:

Leading Canada’s participation in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) with the aim of strengthening global efforts to implement the Paris Agreement.
Continuing to engage internationally to advance ambitious and inclusive climate action, including through ensuring Indigenous Peoples are engaged in developing international climate policy, and by promoting gender equality and the role of women in climate action around the world.
Continuing efforts to ensure that all Parties to the Paris Agreement undertake ambitious actions under a common framework reflecting the highest standards of transparency and environmental integrity;
Promoting Canadian climate and environmental objectives in regional trade agreements and international fora such as the G7, G20, OECD, Francophonie, Commonwealth, the World Meteorological Organization and in other Ministerial meetings; and
Leading by example on supporting the deployment of clean and renewable energy through actions like existing regulations to phase out unabated coal power by 2030, and the development of new Clean Electricity Regulations.
Working with international partners will contribute to the Paris Agreement and the delivery of Canada’s $2.65B to support developing countries in tackling climate change.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.A)

Promote the global reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through the Powering Past Coal Alliance (PPCA), co-founded by Canada and the United Kingdom.

Program: International Environment and Climate Action

Performance indicator: Collaborative processes conducted with stakeholders writ large

Starting point and fiscal year: Indicator established in 2018-19

Target: Listing type/category of stakeholders met annually

ECCC will continue to advance Canada’s leadership role in the Powering Past Coal Alliance, which calls on governments and organizations to phase out unabated coal power in a timeframe compatible with the temperature goal of the Paris Agreement (i.e., phase-out by 2023 for OECD and EU, and by 2040 in the rest of the world). Transitioning to a low-carbon economy will require cleaner sources of energy, and coal phase-out is a key part of Canada’s plan to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy (Target 7.2, Target 7.A)

SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Implement recommendations of the Arctic Council’s Expert Group on Black Carbon and Methane to contribute to the achievement of the collective goal on black carbon, including recommendations to switch to renewable and clean technologies.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation; Air Quality

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in black carbon emissions

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2013 calendar year emissions levels

Target: At least 25% by 2025-26

Canada contributed to the development of the Arctic Council Expert Group on Black Carbon and Methane’s recommendations, among which is a recommendation to reduce black carbon by stimulating the shift to alternative vehicle technologies and modes of transportation and through efficiency measures. Implementation of this recommendation will increase Canadians’ access to clean energy. These actions contribute to FSDS Goal 7 and the Clean Power Generation Target, as well as to FSDS Goals 11 and 13.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy (Target 7.a)

UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Other

Develop Clean Electricity Regulations to ensure that Canada achieves a net-zero electricity grid by 2035.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Number of proposed regulations published in the Canada Gazette, Part 1, in 2023

Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2022-23

Target: 1 in 2023-24

The Clean Electricity Regulations will support the achievement of net-zero electricity grid by 2035 and enable the achievement of Canada’s economy-wide net-zero goals by 2050 through the development of a net-zero grid.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure (Target 9.4)

UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Target theme: Energy efficiency

Target: By 2030, 600 petajoules of total annual energy savings will be achieved as a result of adoption of energy efficiency codes, standards and practices from a baseline savings of 20.0 petajoules in 2017 to 2018
(Minister of Natural Resources)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Work with domestic and international partners on energy efficiency	Investments delivered through the Federation of Canadian Municipalities’ Green Municipal Fund to increase energy efficiency in residential, commercial, and multi-unit buildings. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Canada's annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (MtCO₂e^{Footnote 6} ) - historic data Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 calendar year GHG levels (subject to change as National Inventory Report (NIR) data is updated) Target: At least 40% by 2030 calendar year	Support the development, verification and demonstration of technologies that reduce greenhouse gas emissions by providing funding, strategic direction, governance, and partnerships for clean technology investment initiatives such as Sustainable Development Technology Canada and the Green Municipal Fund. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all (Target 7.1, Target 7.2 and Target 7.3)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Work with domestic and international partners on energy efficiency

Investments delivered through the Federation of Canadian Municipalities’ Green Municipal Fund to increase energy efficiency in residential, commercial, and multi-unit buildings.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Canada's annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (MtCO₂e^{Footnote 6} ) - historic data

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 calendar year GHG levels (subject to change as National Inventory Report (NIR) data is updated)

Target: At least 40% by 2030 calendar year

Support the development, verification and demonstration of technologies that reduce greenhouse gas emissions by providing funding, strategic direction, governance, and partnerships for clean technology investment initiatives such as Sustainable Development Technology Canada and the Green Municipal Fund.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all
(Target 7.1, Target 7.2 and Target 7.3)

Target theme: Clean fuels

Target: By 2030, increase Canada’s capacity to produce clean fuels by 10% over 2021 levels
(Minister of Natural Resources)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Develop and update codes and standards	Implement Clean Fuel Regulations to reduce Canada’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through the increased use of lower-carbon fuels and alternative technologies. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Reduction in intensity of gasoline (gCO₂e/MJ) Starting point and fiscal year: 95gCO₂e/MJ in 2022-23 Target: At least 14gCO₂e/MJ by 2030 calendar year)	The Clean Fuel Regulations will reduce the lifecycle carbon intensity of liquid fossil fuels (gasoline & diesel) used in Canada (i.e., at all stages of fuel production and use – from extraction through processing, distribution, and end-use). They will also support the production of cleaner fuels in Canada and incent clean technologies. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (Target 9.4) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Performance indicator: Reduction in intensity of diesel (gCO₂e/MJ) Starting point and fiscal year: 93gCO₂e/MJ in 2022-23 Target: At least 14gCO₂e/MJ by 2030 calendar year	The Clean Fuel Regulations will reduce the lifecycle carbon intensity of liquid fossil fuels (gasoline & diesel) used in Canada (i.e., at all stages of fuel production and use – from extraction through processing, distribution, and end-use). They will also support the production of cleaner fuels in Canada and incent clean technologies. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (Target 9.4) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Develop and update codes and standards

Implement Clean Fuel Regulations to reduce Canada’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through the increased use of lower-carbon fuels and alternative technologies.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator:
Reduction in intensity of gasoline (gCO₂e/MJ)

Starting point and fiscal year:
95gCO₂e/MJ in 2022-23

Target: At least 14gCO₂e/MJ by 2030 calendar year)

The Clean Fuel Regulations will reduce the lifecycle carbon intensity of liquid fossil fuels (gasoline & diesel) used in Canada (i.e., at all stages of fuel production and use – from extraction through processing, distribution, and end-use). They will also support the production of cleaner fuels in Canada and incent clean technologies.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (Target 9.4)

UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Performance indicator:
Reduction in intensity of diesel (gCO₂e/MJ)

Starting point and fiscal year:
93gCO₂e/MJ in 2022-23

Target: At least 14gCO₂e/MJ by 2030 calendar year

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (Target 9.4)

UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Implementation strategies supporting the goal

This section is for implementation strategies that support the goal “Increase Canadians’ Access to Clean Energy” but not a specific FSDS target

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Other	Develop, maintain, and expand the Government of Canada’s Fuel Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Model (the Model). Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Percentage of Government of Canada initiatives that are required to use the Model and that have implemented it Starting point and fiscal year: 100% in 2022-23 Target: 100% by 2023-24	The Model helps to support the delivery of regulations and programs as part of Canada’s actions on climate change. For example, the Clean Fuel Regulations uses the Model to determine the CI of fuels, material inputs and energy sources for credit creation. The Model is a tool to calculate the life cycle carbon intensity (CI) of fuels and energy sources used and produced in Canada. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (Target 9.4)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Other

Develop, maintain, and expand the Government of Canada’s Fuel Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Model (the Model).

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Percentage of Government of Canada initiatives that are required to use the Model and that have implemented it

Starting point and fiscal year: 100% in 2022-23

Target: 100% by 2023-24

The Model helps to support the delivery of regulations and programs as part of Canada’s actions on climate change. For example, the Clean Fuel Regulations uses the Model to determine the CI of fuels, material inputs and energy sources for credit creation.
The Model is a tool to calculate the life cycle carbon intensity (CI) of fuels and energy sources used and produced in Canada.

Relevant targets or ambitions:
GIF Target: UN SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (Target 9.4)

Goal 9: Foster innovation and green infrastructure in Canada

FSDS context:

ECCC will invest in clean growth through the Low Carbon Economy Fund to support initiatives that support greenhouse gas reductions. The Department collaborates with a diverse range of partners to deliver Canadian Plastics Innovation Challenges to support the growth of clean technologies that reduce plastic pollution and waste. Targeted funding for innovative waste sector projects under the Emerging Approaches for Reducing Landfill Methane Emissions Fund and the Waste to Resource Collaboration Capacity Building Fund will support pilot tests of new approaches for measuring landfill methane emissions and innovative approaches to increase diversion of biodegradable waste.

Implementation strategies supporting the goal

This section is for implementation strategies that support the goal “Foster innovation and green infrastructure in Canada” but not a specific FSDS target

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Attract and scale up sustainable finance in Canada	Deliver the Leadership Fund, the Challenge Fund, the Indigenous Leadership Fund, the Implementation Readiness Fund of the Low Carbon Economy Fund to support businesses and Canadians in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and driving clean economic growth. Deliver climate programs to return carbon pollution pricing proceeds to support priority action areas, such as industrial decarbonisation projects and greening the electricity sector. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Annual reduction, in Mt^{Footnote 7} , of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions Starting point and fiscal year: 0Mt in 2018-19^{Footnote 8}^{Footnote 9} , Target: At least 11.9Mt by 2030-31 Note: This indicator measures the effects of direct action with partners, including business, in mitigating climate change under the Low Carbon Economy Fund (original and recapitalized).	The Low Carbon Economy Fund provides funding for eligible partners (such as private enterprises, not for profit organizations, Indigenous communities, municipalities, provinces, territories, and others) to undertake projects that decrease energy usage, reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and support clean growth. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (Target 9.4)
Other	Deliver a series of Canadian Plastics Innovation Challenges to support the growth of clean technologies that reduce plastic waste. Program: Substances and Waste Management	Performance indicator: Cumulative number of additional prototypes developed Starting point and fiscal year: 4 in 2018-19 Note: This indicator will show the extent of ECCC’s Plastics Innovation Challenges funding to facilitate the early development, testing of prototypes, demonstration, and the commercialization of clean technologies to support sustainable plastics products and clean technologies.	ECCC efforts to support the development, demonstration, commercialization, deployment, adoption, and export of plastics clean technologies that reduce environmental impacts, contribute to meeting the goal of clean growth, faster clean technology innovation, and support the transition to a low-carbon economy. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation (Target 9.5)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Attract and scale up sustainable finance in Canada

Deliver the Leadership Fund, the Challenge Fund, the Indigenous Leadership Fund, the Implementation Readiness Fund of the Low Carbon Economy Fund to support businesses and Canadians in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and driving clean economic growth. Deliver climate programs to return carbon pollution pricing proceeds to support priority action areas, such as industrial decarbonisation projects and greening the electricity sector.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Annual reduction, in Mt^{Footnote 7} , of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions

Starting point and fiscal year: 0Mt in 2018-19^{Footnote 8}^{Footnote 9} ,

Target: At least 11.9Mt by 2030-31

Note: This indicator measures the effects of direct action with partners, including business, in mitigating climate change under the Low Carbon Economy Fund (original and recapitalized).

The Low Carbon Economy Fund provides funding for eligible partners (such as private enterprises, not for profit organizations, Indigenous communities, municipalities, provinces, territories, and others) to undertake projects that decrease energy usage, reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and support clean growth.

Relevant targets or ambitions:
GIF Target: UN SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (Target 9.4)

Other

Deliver a series of Canadian Plastics Innovation Challenges to support the growth of clean technologies that reduce plastic waste.

Program: Substances and Waste Management

Performance indicator: Cumulative number of additional prototypes developed

Starting point and fiscal year: 4 in 2018-19

Note: This indicator will show the extent of ECCC’s Plastics Innovation Challenges funding to facilitate the early development, testing of prototypes, demonstration, and the commercialization of clean technologies to support sustainable plastics products and clean technologies.

ECCC efforts to support the development, demonstration, commercialization, deployment, adoption, and export of plastics clean technologies that reduce environmental impacts, contribute to meeting the goal of clean growth, faster clean technology innovation, and support the transition to a low-carbon economy.

Relevant targets or ambitions:
GIF Target: UN SDG 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation (Target 9.5)

Initiatives advancing Canada’s implementation of SDG 9 – Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure

The following initiatives demonstrate how Environment and Climate Change Canada programming supports the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs, supplementing the information outlined above.

Planned initiatives	Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets
The Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation Program’s activities include supporting, coordinating, developing, and implementing Canada’s environmental and climate change policies, programs, regulations and plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). This program supports the Government of Canada’s commitment to meeting Canada’s GHG emission reduction target of 40 to 45% below 2005 levels by 2030 and net-zero emissions by 2050. ECCC is developing a Clean Electricity Regulations (CER) that will help drive progress towards a net-zero electricity grid by 2035. The CER is part of a suite of measures from the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan to move the country’s electricity sector to net-zero, as an enabler for broader decarbonisation to meet the 2030 and 2050 climate targets. Other useful information on clean growth and climate change mitigation: Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act Canada’s 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan A Healthy Environment and a Healthy Economy	These ECCC programs contribute to advancing: Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions: Target: No specific target Canadians have access to modern and sustainable infrastructure Target: No specific target Canada fosters sustainable research and innovation Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets: 9.1 Develop quality, reliable, sustainable, and resilient infrastructure, including regional and trans-border infrastructure, to support economic development and human well-being, with a focus on affordable and equitable access for all 9.4 By 2030, upgrade infrastructure and retrofit industries to make them sustainable, with increased resource-use efficiency and greater adoption of clean and environmentally sound technologies and industrial processes, with all countries acting in accordance with their respective capabilities 9.5 Enhance scientific research, upgrade the technological capabilities of industrial sectors in all countries, in particular developing countries, including, by 2030, encouraging innovation and substantially increasing the number of research and development workers per 1M people and public and private research and development spending 9.b Support domestic technology development, research, and innovation in developing countries, including by ensuring a conducive policy environment for, inter alia, industrial diversification and value addition to commodities.
Management of Substances and Waste Program aims to reduce threats to the health of Canadians and their environment from harmful substances and waste through various actions and activities including regulatory regimes for hazardous waste, hazardous recyclable materials, e-waste, and wastewater, all of which affect infrastructure in Canada. Other useful information on substances and waste management: Pollution and waste management Managing and reducing waste Managing substances in the environment Plastic waste and pollution reduction.

Planned initiatives

Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets

The Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation Program’s activities include supporting, coordinating, developing, and implementing Canada’s environmental and climate change policies, programs, regulations and plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). This program supports the Government of Canada’s commitment to meeting Canada’s GHG emission reduction target of 40 to 45% below 2005 levels by 2030 and net-zero emissions by 2050. ECCC is developing a Clean Electricity Regulations (CER) that will help drive progress towards a net-zero electricity grid by 2035. The CER is part of a suite of measures from the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan to move the country’s electricity sector to net-zero, as an enabler for broader decarbonisation to meet the 2030 and 2050 climate targets.

Other useful information on clean growth and climate change mitigation:

These ECCC programs contribute to advancing:

Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions:

Target: No specific target
- Canadians have access to modern and sustainable infrastructure
Target: No specific target
- Canada fosters sustainable research and innovation

Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets:

9.1 Develop quality, reliable, sustainable, and resilient infrastructure, including regional and trans-border infrastructure, to support economic development and human well-being, with a focus on affordable and equitable access for all
9.4 By 2030, upgrade infrastructure and retrofit industries to make them sustainable, with increased resource-use efficiency and greater adoption of clean and environmentally sound technologies and industrial processes, with all countries acting in accordance with their respective capabilities
9.5 Enhance scientific research, upgrade the technological capabilities of industrial sectors in all countries, in particular developing countries, including, by 2030, encouraging innovation and substantially increasing the number of research and development workers per 1M people and public and private research and development spending
9.b Support domestic technology development, research, and innovation in developing countries, including by ensuring a conducive policy environment for, inter alia, industrial diversification and value addition to commodities.

Management of Substances and Waste Program aims to reduce threats to the health of Canadians and their environment from harmful substances and waste through various actions and activities including regulatory regimes for hazardous waste, hazardous recyclable materials, e-waste, and wastewater, all of which affect infrastructure in Canada.

Other useful information on substances and waste management:

Goal 10: Advance reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples and take action on inequality

FSDS context:

To advance reconciliation and help support Indigenous Peoples to advance their climate priorities and adapt to the changing climate, ECCC is committed to renewed nation-to-nation, Inuit-Crown, and government-to-government relationships with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis, based on the recognition of rights, respect, cooperation and partnership. Recognizing and supporting the role of First Nations, Inuit, and Métis in leading self-determined climate action in Canada is critical to advancing reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples. In Canada’s Strengthened Climate Plan and 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan, the government committed to supporting Indigenous Climate Leadership by working collaboratively with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis partners to advance an Indigenous Climate Leadership Agenda. This initiative will be responsive to Indigenous Peoples’ climate priorities, including First Nations, Inuit, and Métis national and regional climate strategies. Recognizing Indigenous Climate Leadership means investing in the agency of Indigenous Peoples and communities, supporting Indigenous-led and delivered solutions, equipping Indigenous Peoples with equitable resources, and ensuring appropriate access to funding to implement self-determined climate action.

Supporting Indigenous engagement in conservation is integral to the achievement of Canada’s domestic and global biodiversity targets. Investments continue to support new and existing Indigenous-led Guardians initiatives and the development of national Indigenous Guardians Networks. Funding for Indigenous Guardians is co-designed and co-delivered in partnership with First Nations, Inuit and Métis partners using a distinctions-based approach. It supports Indigenous Nations, communities, and organizations in protecting sensitive and culturally important areas and species, monitoring ecological health, developing, and maintaining sustainable economies, and continuing the profound connections between natural landscapes and Indigenous cultures.

Target theme: Advancing reconciliation with First Nations, Inuit, and the Métis communities

Target: Between 2023 and 2026, and every year on an ongoing basis, develop and table annual progress reports on implementing the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act (Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Implement the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act	Provide Indigenous cultural competency training. Program: Internal Services	Performance indicator: Percentage of staff who have completed the mandatory courses on “Reflect on Cultural Bias: Indigenous Perspective” and “Taking Steps Towards Indigenous Reconciliation” Starting point and fiscal year: Launched (0%) in 2022-23 Target: 100% annually Note: The 100% target is aspirational noting that employee’s movement affects these metrics. There is not enough data to provide a starting point at this time, in the next round of reporting we will be able to provide a full baseline.	Public servants are in a unique position to help build respectful relationships with Indigenous Peoples in Canada. This action encourages public service employees to increase their cultural competency skills and awareness of issues related to First Nations, Inuit and Métis in Canada, and their knowledge of the UN Declaration. This action contributes to the development of necessary cultural competency knowledge and skills to implement the UN Declaration. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 10: Advance Reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples and Take Action to Reduce Inequality (Target 10.3)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Implement the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act

Provide Indigenous cultural competency training.

Program: Internal Services

Performance indicator: Percentage of staff who have completed the mandatory courses on “Reflect on Cultural Bias: Indigenous Perspective” and “Taking Steps Towards Indigenous Reconciliation”

Starting point and fiscal year: Launched (0%) in 2022-23

Target: 100% annually

Note: The 100% target is aspirational noting that employee’s movement affects these metrics. There is not enough data to provide a starting point at this time, in the next round of reporting we will be able to provide a full baseline.

Public servants are in a unique position to help build respectful relationships with Indigenous Peoples in Canada. This action encourages public service employees to increase their cultural competency skills and awareness of issues related to First Nations, Inuit and Métis in Canada, and their knowledge of the UN Declaration. This action contributes to the development of necessary cultural competency knowledge and skills to implement the UN Declaration.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 10: Advance Reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples and Take Action to Reduce Inequality (Target 10.3)

Implementation strategies supporting the goal

This section is for implementation strategies that support the goal “Advance reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples and take action on inequality” but not a specific FSDS target

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Publish the National Pollutant Release Inventory Indigenous Series	Communicate with Canadians through the National Pollutant Release Inventory’s Indigenous Series to continually improve understanding of the environmental challenges faced by Indigenous communities across Canada related to air, water, and land pollutants. Program: National Pollutant Release Inventory	Performance indicator: National Pollutant Release Inventory’s Indigenous Series (published on Canada.ca) is updated Starting point and fiscal year: Published in 2020 Target: Updated by 2027 Note: This indicator measures the publication of data on pollutants which helps Canadians access key information to help them make better decisions for their health.	By collecting and sharing data on air pollutants and harmful substances from more than 7,500 facilities across Canada through the National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI), ECCC will inform evidence-based decision-making to protect the health of Canadians and the environment from harmful substances as well as assist Canadians in making informed decisions about pollution in their community. The National Pollutant Release Inventory’s Indigenous Series provides a starting point for analyses, engagement, and improvements. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 10: Advance Reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples and Take Action to Reduce Inequality (Target 10.3)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Publish the National Pollutant Release Inventory Indigenous Series

Communicate with Canadians through the National Pollutant Release Inventory’s Indigenous Series to continually improve understanding of the environmental challenges faced by Indigenous communities across Canada related to air, water, and land pollutants.

Program: National Pollutant Release Inventory

Performance indicator: National Pollutant Release Inventory’s Indigenous Series (published on Canada.ca) is updated

Starting point and fiscal year: Published in 2020

Target: Updated by 2027

Note: This indicator measures the publication of data on pollutants which helps Canadians access key information to help them make better decisions for their health.

By collecting and sharing data on air pollutants and harmful substances from more than 7,500 facilities across Canada through the National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI), ECCC will inform evidence-based decision-making to protect the health of Canadians and the environment from harmful substances as well as assist Canadians in making informed decisions about pollution in their community. The National Pollutant Release Inventory’s Indigenous Series provides a starting point for analyses, engagement, and improvements.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 10: Advance Reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples and Take Action to Reduce Inequality (Target 10.3)

Initiatives advancing Canada’s implementation of SDG 10 – Reduced Inequalities

The following initiatives demonstrate how Environment and Climate Change Canada programming supports the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs.

Planned initiatives	Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets
The Environment and Climate Change Youth Council was announced in August 2022 and is a diverse group of (up to) ten young Canadians that advise the Minister and ECCC on key environmental and climate issues to inform decisions by the Government of Canada. Members are passionate about protecting the environment and taking climate action. By engaging in their communities, and beyond, they are demonstrating leadership and are inspiring others to do the same. ECCC’s Youth Engagement Framework is currently being updated. It aligns with Canada’s Youth Policy and is designed to enable ECCC to effectively engage with youth by providing recommendations, guiding principles, tools, resources, and proposed initiatives to help ensure meaningful engagement with youth. ECCC’s Youth Engagement Unit will also be promoting departmental use of a Youth Impact Analysis tool, developed by Canadian Heritage as a component of the federal government policy development cycle, to support federal policymakers in applying a youth lens throughout the GBA Plus process and overall decision-making process. This tool allows the examination of impacts on youth at an early stage of policy design and implementation.	These ECCC programs contribute to advancing: Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets: 10.2 By 2030 empower and promote the social, economic, and political inclusion of all irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status. 4.7: By 2030, ensure that all learners acquire the knowledge and skills needed to promote sustainable development, including, among others, through education for sustainable development and sustainable lifestyles, human rights, gender equality, promotion of a culture of peace and non-violence, global citizenship, and appreciation of cultural diversity and of culture’s contribution to sustainable development.
Canada is a signatory to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, a human rights treaty created by the United Nations that provides a full list of rights for all children up to the age of 18. Canada ratified the Convention in 1991. ECCC participates in the Interdepartmental Working Group on Children’s Rights (IWGCR) led by the Department of Justice and Public Health Agency of Canada. Following Canada’s Appearance before the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (UN CRC) in May 2022, a Concluding Observations Report was published, outlining recommendations for Canada to address. ECCC has been identified as a department lead on four recommendations relating to children and the environment and climate, (awareness raising among children; data collection on the impact of climate change on children; reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; improved impact assessments). ECCC is working to advance these recommendations to be well-positioned to report on progress during Canada’s next appearance at UN CRC, expected in 2027.

Planned initiatives

Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets

The Environment and Climate Change Youth Council was announced in August 2022 and is a diverse group of (up to) ten young Canadians that advise the Minister and ECCC on key environmental and climate issues to inform decisions by the Government of Canada. Members are passionate about protecting the environment and taking climate action. By engaging in their communities, and beyond, they are demonstrating leadership and are inspiring others to do the same.
ECCC’s Youth Engagement Framework is currently being updated. It aligns with Canada’s Youth Policy and is designed to enable ECCC to effectively engage with youth by providing recommendations, guiding principles, tools, resources, and proposed initiatives to help ensure meaningful engagement with youth. ECCC’s Youth Engagement Unit will also be promoting departmental use of a Youth Impact Analysis tool, developed by Canadian Heritage as a component of the federal government policy development cycle, to support federal policymakers in applying a youth lens throughout the GBA Plus process and overall decision-making process. This tool allows the examination of impacts on youth at an early stage of policy design and implementation.

These ECCC programs contribute to advancing:

Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets:

10.2 By 2030 empower and promote the social, economic, and political inclusion of all irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status.
4.7: By 2030, ensure that all learners acquire the knowledge and skills needed to promote sustainable development, including, among others, through education for sustainable development and sustainable lifestyles, human rights, gender equality, promotion of a culture of peace and non-violence, global citizenship, and appreciation of cultural diversity and of culture’s contribution to sustainable development.

Canada is a signatory to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, a human rights treaty created by the United Nations that provides a full list of rights for all children up to the age of 18. Canada ratified the Convention in 1991. ECCC participates in the Interdepartmental Working Group on Children’s Rights (IWGCR) led by the Department of Justice and Public Health Agency of Canada. Following Canada’s Appearance before the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (UN CRC) in May 2022, a Concluding Observations Report was published, outlining recommendations for Canada to address. ECCC has been identified as a department lead on four recommendations relating to children and the environment and climate, (awareness raising among children; data collection on the impact of climate change on children; reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; improved impact assessments). ECCC is working to advance these recommendations to be well-positioned to report on progress during Canada’s next appearance at UN CRC, expected in 2027.

Goal 11: Improve access to affordable housing, clean air, transportation, parks, and green spaces, as well as cultural heritage in Canada

FSDS context:

ECCC works with provinces, territories, and stakeholders to improve air quality through the Air Quality Management System. The Department develops, administers, and enforces regulatory and non-regulatory measures to reduce air pollution from industry sectors, vehicles, engines and fuels, and consumer and commercial products. To address air pollution originating from outside our borders that impacts air quality in Canada, the Department also works with other countries through international agreements, such as the Canada-United States Air Quality Agreement and the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution and, in particular, its Gothenburg Protocol, as well as through broader cooperation in various other fora. The Department undertakes and shares the results of scientific research and conducts monitoring and modelling related to air pollution and quality. Through the Zero Plastic Waste Agenda, ECCC is also working to ensure Canada’s parks and green spaces are clean and free from litter so Canadians can enjoy the full benefits of being in nature. This includes preventing plastic pollution and collaborating with partners and stakeholders to build waste collection systems that keep plastics in the economy and out of the environment.

ECCC focuses its contributions to this goal by collaborating with key partners. For example, the Department works with the Nature Conservancy of Canada to increase private land conservation and protect important habitat in southern Canada. ECCC also works with Nature Canada to inspire urban residents from diverse backgrounds to connect with nature in ECCC’s National Wildlife Areas.

Target theme: Air Quality

Target: Increase the percentage of the population across Canada living in areas where air pollutant concentrations are less than or equal to the Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards from 60% in 2005 to 85% in 2030 (Minister of Environment and Climate Change; Minister of Health)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Develop, administer, and enforce measures addressing air pollution	Monitor the impact of air pollution on ecosystems. Program: Air Quality	Performance indicator: Exceedance of ecosystem critical loads of acidity Starting point and fiscal year: Three-year average levels for 2014-2016^{Footnote 10}^{Footnote 11} Target: Downward trend in three-year average from 2014-16 levels Note: Deposition of acidifying air pollutants to lakes and soils can exceed levels at which damage is expected (critical loads). Critical load exceedances are not compatible with ecosystem health. Healthy ecosystems help ensure sustainable communities. Deposition will be estimated based on air quality monitoring and modelling and compared with previously determined critical load values for lakes and soils to calculate exceedance areas.	Monitoring the impact of air pollution on lakes and soils will enable informed decisions to support healthy ecosystems, which in turn support healthy, sustainable communities. As such, this action supports FSDS Goal 11 and the Air Quality Target. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)
-	Develop, administer, and enforce regulations and non-regulatory instruments to limit emissions of air pollutants, including fine particulate matter (PM2.5) including black carbon, sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Program: Air Quality	Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in PM2.5 emissions from industrial, transportation and other sources Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2006-08 average emissions Target: Continued positive trend (in percentage reduction)	ECCC will prevent air pollutant emissions that are harmful to human health and the environment by developing, administering, and enforcing regulations and applying other measures, such as: Continuing to implement and emend as appropriate multiple vehicle and engine air pollutant regulations to prevent emissions. Administering the various fuels regulations to reduce sulphur, benzene, lead, and other contaminants from conventional fuels. Administering the Reduction in the Release of Volatile Organic Compounds Regulations (Petroleum Sector). Developing and administering VOC regulations for petroleum liquid storage and loading operations Continuing to administer the Multi-Sector Air Pollutants Regulations (MSAPR) and various non-regulatory instruments for industrial sectors and equipment. Administering the coal-fired electricity generation regulations. Administering the Off-Road Compression-Ignition (Mobile and Stationary) and Large Spark-Ignition Engine Emission Regulations. Administering the Volatile Organic Compound Concentration Limits for Certain Products Regulations. Administering and amending the Volatile Organic Compounds Concentration Limits for Architectural Coatings Regulations and the Volatile Organic Compounds Concentration Limits for Automobile Refinishing Products Regulations; and Implementing the renewed federal agenda on the reductions of VOC emissions from consumer and commercial products (published in July 2022), including the possible development of regulations or non-regulatory instruments for industrial and commercial adhesives and sealants, portable fuel containers, and the activity of printing on plastic packaging. These actions contribute to FSDS Goal 11 and the Air Quality Target and to FSDS Goal 13, since emissions reductions improve air quality in cities and communities, and help to address climate change. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6) UN SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being (Target 3.9) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in Sox emissions from industrial, transportation and other sources Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2006-08 average emissions Target:Continued positive trend (in percentage reduction)
Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in Nox emissions from industrial, transportation and other sources Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2006-08 average emissions Target:Continued positive trend (in percentage reduction)
Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in VOC emissions from industrial, transportation and other sources Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2006-08 average emissions Target:Continued positive trend (in percentage reduction)
Continue to reduce short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) (many of which are also harmful air pollutants) by continuing to advance domestic and international work to reduce SLCPs. Program: Air Quality; Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in black carbon emissions Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2013 national emission levels Target: At least 25% by2025-26 Note: Black carbon, an air pollutant with climate-warming effects, is emitted as a component of PM2.5.
Performance indicator: Percentage reduction of methane emissions from the oil and gas sector Starting point and fiscal year: 45MtCO₂e in 2012 calendar year Target: At least 40% by 2025 calendar year, then at least 75% by 2030 calendar year Note: The Regulations Respecting Reduction in the Release of Methane and Certain Volatile Organic Compounds (Upstream Oil and Gas Sector), will reduce fugitive and venting emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) and a short-lived climate pollutant that contributes to climate change. Between 2018 and 2035, the cumulative GHG emissions reductions attributable to the regulations are estimated to be approximately 232MtCO₂e. The regulations will deliver on the government of Canada’s March 2016 commitment to reduce emissions of methane from the oil and gas sector by 40% to 45% below 2012 levels by 2025. ECCC is currently working to develop strengthened oil and gas methane regulations that are in line with Canada’s 75% by 2030 reduction target.
Work with partners to address air pollution	Work with provinces, territories, and other stakeholders to address air pollution through the implementation of the Air Quality Management System and complete the review of the Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS) for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and recommend new PM2.5 CAAQS. Program: Air Quality	Performance indicator: Percentage of the population living in areas where air pollutant concentrations are less than or equal to the Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards Starting point and fiscal year: 60% in 2005-2007^{Footnote 12} based on 2020 CAAQS values Target: At least 85% by 2030-31	ECCC collaborates with provinces, territories, and stakeholders to develop, update, and implement ambient air quality standards and approaches to improve air quality. These actions contribute to FSDS Goal 11. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)
Negotiate on behalf of Canada, implement, and strengthen agreements to reduce transboundary air pollution. Program: Air Quality; Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation; International Environment and Climate Action	Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in national emissions of Nox Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 emissions of Nox Target:At least 35% reduction from 2005 emission levels maintained annually	ECCC strengthen collective efforts to manage air pollutants by engaging with international partners and leveraging collective inputs, through: Continuing work with the United States to address transboundary air pollution under the Canada-U.S. Air Quality Agreement. Implementing the commitments under the Gothenburg Protocol to the UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution and continuing to demonstrate leadership on environmental stewardship. Seeking to broaden the geographic scope of cooperation to address transboundary air pollution, including through provisions in Canada’s trade agreements that promote increased cooperation. Engaging in efforts to take action on short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) and other contaminants under the Arctic Council. Reductions in these key air pollutants contribute directly to FSDS Goal 11 and Air Quality Target by contributing to improved air quality, and to FSDS Goal 13. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in national emissions of SO2 Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 emissions of SO2 Target:At least 55% reduction from 2005 emission levels maintained annually
Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in national emissions of PM2.5 Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 emissions of PM2.5 Target:At least 25% reduction from 2005 emission levels maintained annually
Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in national emissions of VOCs Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 emissions of VOC Target:At least 20% reduction from 2005 emission levels maintained annually
Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in black carbon emissions Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2013 national emission levels Target:At least 25% by 2025-26
Performance indicator: Percentage reduction of methane emissions from the oil and gas sector Starting point and fiscal year: 45MtCO₂e in 2012 calendar year Target:At least 40% by 2025 calendar year, then at least 75% by 2030 calendar year Note: The Regulations Respecting Reduction in the Release of Methane and Certain Volatile Organic Compounds (Upstream Oil and Gas Sector), will reduce fugitive and venting emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) and a short-lived climate pollutant that contributes to climate change. Between 2018 and 2035, the cumulative GHG emissions reductions attributable to the regulations are estimated to be approximately 232MtCO₂e. The regulations will deliver on the government of Canada’s March 2016 commitment to reduce emissions of methane from the oil and gas sector by 40% to 45% below 2012 levels by 2025. ECCC is currently working to develop strengthened oil and gas methane regulations that are in line with Canada’s 75% by 2030 reduction target.

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Develop, administer, and enforce measures addressing air pollution

Monitor the impact of air pollution on ecosystems.

Program: Air Quality

Performance indicator: Exceedance of ecosystem critical loads of acidity

Starting point and fiscal year: Three-year average levels for 2014-2016^{Footnote 10}^{Footnote 11}

Target: Downward trend in three-year average from 2014-16 levels

Note: Deposition of acidifying air pollutants to lakes and soils can exceed levels at which damage is expected (critical loads). Critical load exceedances are not compatible with ecosystem health. Healthy ecosystems help ensure sustainable communities. Deposition will be estimated based on air quality monitoring and modelling and compared with previously determined critical load values for lakes and soils to calculate exceedance areas.

Monitoring the impact of air pollution on lakes and soils will enable informed decisions to support healthy ecosystems, which in turn support healthy, sustainable communities. As such, this action supports FSDS Goal 11 and the Air Quality Target.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

Develop, administer, and enforce regulations and non-regulatory instruments to limit emissions of air pollutants, including fine particulate matter (PM2.5) including black carbon, sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

Program: Air Quality

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in PM2.5 emissions from industrial, transportation and other sources

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2006-08 average emissions

Target: Continued positive trend (in percentage reduction)

ECCC will prevent air pollutant emissions that are harmful to human health and the environment by developing, administering, and enforcing regulations and applying other measures, such as:

Continuing to implement and emend as appropriate multiple vehicle and engine air pollutant regulations to prevent emissions.
Administering the various fuels regulations to reduce sulphur, benzene, lead, and other contaminants from conventional fuels.
Administering the Reduction in the Release of Volatile Organic Compounds Regulations (Petroleum Sector).
Developing and administering VOC regulations for petroleum liquid storage and loading operations
Continuing to administer the Multi-Sector Air Pollutants Regulations (MSAPR) and various non-regulatory instruments for industrial sectors and equipment.
Administering the coal-fired electricity generation regulations.
Administering the Off-Road Compression-Ignition (Mobile and Stationary) and Large Spark-Ignition Engine Emission Regulations.
Administering the Volatile Organic Compound Concentration Limits for Certain Products Regulations.
Administering and amending the Volatile Organic Compounds Concentration Limits for Architectural Coatings Regulations and the Volatile Organic Compounds Concentration Limits for Automobile Refinishing Products Regulations; and
Implementing the renewed federal agenda on the reductions of VOC emissions from consumer and commercial products (published in July 2022), including the possible development of regulations or non-regulatory instruments for industrial and commercial adhesives and sealants, portable fuel containers, and the activity of printing on plastic packaging.

These actions contribute to FSDS Goal 11 and the Air Quality Target and to FSDS Goal 13, since emissions reductions improve air quality in cities and communities, and help to address climate change.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

UN SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being (Target 3.9)

UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in Sox emissions from industrial, transportation and other sources

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2006-08 average emissions

Target:Continued positive trend (in percentage reduction)

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in Nox emissions from industrial, transportation and other sources

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2006-08 average emissions

Target:Continued positive trend (in percentage reduction)

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in VOC emissions from industrial, transportation and other sources

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2006-08 average emissions

Target:Continued positive trend (in percentage reduction)

Continue to reduce short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) (many of which are also harmful air pollutants) by continuing to advance domestic and international work to reduce SLCPs.

Program: Air Quality; Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in black carbon emissions

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2013 national emission levels

Target: At least 25% by2025-26

Note: Black carbon, an air pollutant with climate-warming effects, is emitted as a component of PM2.5.

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction of methane emissions from the oil and gas sector

Starting point and fiscal year: 45MtCO₂e in 2012 calendar year

Target: At least 40% by 2025 calendar year, then at least 75% by 2030 calendar year

Note: The Regulations Respecting Reduction in the Release of Methane and Certain Volatile Organic Compounds (Upstream Oil and Gas Sector), will reduce fugitive and venting emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) and a short-lived climate pollutant that contributes to climate change. Between 2018 and 2035, the cumulative GHG emissions reductions attributable to the regulations are estimated to be approximately 232MtCO₂e. The regulations will deliver on the government of Canada’s March 2016 commitment to reduce emissions of methane from the oil and gas sector by 40% to 45% below 2012 levels by 2025. ECCC is currently working to develop strengthened oil and gas methane regulations that are in line with Canada’s 75% by 2030 reduction target.

Work with partners to address air pollution

Work with provinces, territories, and other stakeholders to address air pollution through the implementation of the Air Quality Management System and complete the review of the Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS) for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and recommend new PM2.5 CAAQS.

Program: Air Quality

Performance indicator: Percentage of the population living in areas where air pollutant concentrations are less than or equal to the Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards

Starting point and fiscal year: 60% in 2005-2007^{Footnote 12} based on 2020 CAAQS values

Target: At least 85% by 2030-31

ECCC collaborates with provinces, territories, and stakeholders to develop, update, and implement ambient air quality standards and approaches to improve air quality. These actions contribute to FSDS Goal 11.

Relevant targets or ambitions:
GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

Negotiate on behalf of Canada, implement, and strengthen agreements to reduce transboundary air pollution.

Program: Air Quality; Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation; International Environment and Climate Action

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in national emissions of Nox

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 emissions of Nox

Target:At least 35% reduction from 2005 emission levels maintained annually

ECCC strengthen collective efforts to manage air pollutants by engaging with international partners and leveraging collective inputs, through:

Continuing work with the United States to address transboundary air pollution under the Canada-U.S. Air Quality Agreement.
Implementing the commitments under the Gothenburg Protocol to the UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution and continuing to demonstrate leadership on environmental stewardship.
Seeking to broaden the geographic scope of cooperation to address transboundary air pollution, including through provisions in Canada’s trade agreements that promote increased cooperation.
Engaging in efforts to take action on short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) and other contaminants under the Arctic Council.

Reductions in these key air pollutants contribute directly to FSDS Goal 11 and Air Quality Target by contributing to improved air quality, and to FSDS Goal 13.

Relevant targets or ambitions:
GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)
UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in national emissions of SO2

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 emissions of SO2

Target:At least 55% reduction from 2005 emission levels maintained annually

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in national emissions of PM2.5

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 emissions of PM2.5

Target:At least 25% reduction from 2005 emission levels maintained annually

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in national emissions of VOCs

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 emissions of VOC

Target:At least 20% reduction from 2005 emission levels maintained annually

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in black carbon emissions

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2013 national emission levels

Target:At least 25% by 2025-26

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction of methane emissions from the oil and gas sector

Starting point and fiscal year: 45MtCO₂e in 2012 calendar year

Target:At least 40% by 2025 calendar year, then at least 75% by 2030 calendar year

Target theme: Green Spaces, Cultural and Natural Heritage

Target: Designate national urban parks as part of a network, with a target of up to 6 new national urban parks by 2026 and a total of 15 new national urban parks by 2030
(Minister of Environment and Climate Change)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Develop green spaces close to urban centres	Promote public participation in nature by continuation of efforts to increase participation in nature-based programs and visits to National Wildlife Areas in urban and near urban areas; and implementation of the “Connecting Canadians to Nature” Initiative in ten National Wildlife Areas by constructing new trails, bridges, and exhibits, and promoting a national geocaching program (an outdoor educational game that uses GPS-enabled devices). Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection	Performance indicator: Percentage increase in annual visitation to the ten National Wildlife Areas that are part of the Connecting Canadians to Nature Initiative since launch Starting point and fiscal year: 0% in 2014-15^{Footnote 13} Target:At least 25% by 2024-25 Note: The initiative encourages people to get outside and to enjoy the benefits of nature. Visitation rates are a direct measure of how many people are responding to the program, and thus engaged, as per the contributing action and the FSDS Target.	By increasing access to wildlife areas and expanding the range of nature-based experiences available, ECCC will make it easier for the public to get out into nature and encourage greater public participation in biodiversity and conservation activities. Such visits can foster enthusiasm for engagement in stewardship, public awareness, and education. Visits to National Wildlife Areas (NWAs) foster enthusiasm for nature and conservation, which in turn may encourage stewardship, education, and a sense of ownership over conservation efforts. This may further result in increased visits to NWAs and to further Connecting Canadians with Nature. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable cities and communities (Target 11.7) UN SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.8)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Develop green spaces close to urban centres

Promote public participation in nature by continuation of efforts to increase participation in nature-based programs and visits to National Wildlife Areas in urban and near urban areas; and implementation of the “Connecting Canadians to Nature” Initiative in ten National Wildlife Areas by constructing new trails, bridges, and exhibits, and promoting a national geocaching program (an outdoor educational game that uses GPS-enabled devices).

Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection

Performance indicator: Percentage increase in annual visitation to the ten National Wildlife Areas that are part of the Connecting Canadians to Nature Initiative since launch

Starting point and fiscal year:
0% in 2014-15^{Footnote 13}

Target:At least 25% by 2024-25

Note: The initiative encourages people to get outside and to enjoy the benefits of nature. Visitation rates are a direct measure of how many people are responding to the program, and thus engaged, as per the contributing action and the FSDS Target.

By increasing access to wildlife areas and expanding the range of nature-based experiences available, ECCC will make it easier for the public to get out into nature and encourage greater public participation in biodiversity and conservation activities. Such visits can foster enthusiasm for engagement in stewardship, public awareness, and education. Visits to National Wildlife Areas (NWAs) foster enthusiasm for nature and conservation, which in turn may encourage stewardship, education, and a sense of ownership over conservation efforts. This may further result in increased visits to NWAs and to further Connecting Canadians with Nature.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable cities and communities (Target 11.7)

UN SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.8)

Target: By 2026, support at least 23.7M visitors annually to Parks Canada places
(Minister of Environment and Climate Change)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Promote access to green space, cultural and natural heritage	Promote public participation in nature by continuation of efforts to increase participation in nature-based programs and visits to National Wildlife Areas in urban and near urban areas; and implementation of the “Connecting Canadians to Nature” Initiative in ten National Wildlife Areas by constructing new trails, bridges, and exhibits, and promoting a national geocaching program (an outdoor educational game that uses GPS-enabled devices). Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection	Performance indicator: Percentage increase in annual visitation to the ten National Wildlife Areas that are part of the Connecting Canadians to Nature Initiative since launch Starting point and fiscal year: 0% in 2014-15^{Footnote 14} Target:At least 25% by 2024-25 Note: The initiative encourages people to get outside and to enjoy the benefits of nature. Visitation rates are a direct measure of how many people are responding to the program, and thus engaged, as per the contributing action and the FSDS Target.	By increasing access to wildlife areas and expanding the range of nature-based experiences available, ECCC will make it easier for the public to get out into nature and encourage greater public participation in biodiversity and conservation activities. Such visits can foster enthusiasm for engagement in stewardship, public awareness, and education. Visits to National Wildlife Areas foster enthusiasm for nature and conservation, which in turn may encourage stewardship, education, and a sense of ownership over conservation efforts. This may further result in increased visits to NWAs and to further Connecting Canadians with Nature. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable cities and communities (Target 11.7) UN SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.8)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Promote access to green space, cultural and natural heritage

Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection

Performance indicator: Percentage increase in annual visitation to the ten National Wildlife Areas that are part of the Connecting Canadians to Nature Initiative since launch

Starting point and fiscal year: 0% in 2014-15^{Footnote 14}

Target:At least 25% by 2024-25

By increasing access to wildlife areas and expanding the range of nature-based experiences available, ECCC will make it easier for the public to get out into nature and encourage greater public participation in biodiversity and conservation activities. Such visits can foster enthusiasm for engagement in stewardship, public awareness, and education.
Visits to National Wildlife Areas foster enthusiasm for nature and conservation, which in turn may encourage stewardship, education, and a sense of ownership over conservation efforts. This may further result in increased visits to NWAs and to further Connecting Canadians with Nature.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable cities and communities (Target 11.7)

UN SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.8)

Implementation strategies supporting the goal

This section is for implementation strategies that support the goal “Improve access to affordable housing, clean air, transportation, parks, and green spaces, as well as cultural heritage in Canada” but not a specific FSDS target

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Inform Canadians about air quality	Produce and deliver the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) to provide Canadians with greater access to local air quality information and forecasts to help make informed decisions about their health. Program: Air Quality	Performance indicator: Number of sensitive individuals reached by Air Quality Health Index (AQHI risk) communications Starting point and fiscal year: 0.4M in 2016-17 Target: At least 4M by 2025-26 Note: A methodology was defined to estimate the number of individuals at risk reached by the program, based on where the AQHI is available and using 2016 Statistics Canada Census data. This tells us how many sensitive individuals have access to the AQHI. Further analysis was done, using public opinion research results to calculate how many of those sensitive individuals are aware of the AQHI.	Through the AQHI, ECCC provides information about exposure to air pollution to assist Canadians in protecting themselves from the impacts of outdoor air pollution and making informed decisions about their health. Paying attention to air quality makes cities and communities more sustainable, therefore, this action contributes to FSDS Goal 11. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9), UN SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)
Work with partners on conservation	Build capacity for conservation activities. Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection	Performance indicator: Total area (km2) of habitat secured by partners Starting point and fiscal year: 6,382km2 in 2013-14 Target: At least 150,000km2 by 2024-25 Note: This is a summary indicator of all the land securement efforts supported by a variety of ECCC programs. The results of this measure demonstrate the effectiveness of the ECCC support to build capacity for land securement efforts, which supports the contributing action and ultimately biodiversity conservation, as per the FSDS Target.	ECCC contributes to this goal by Developing strategic partnerships for collaborative activities such as scientific and academic research, conservation efforts, promotional campaigns, and outreach activities; working with private land trusts and other key stakeholders, to deliver Government priorities, including to accelerate the rate of private land conservation and protect important natural habitat in communities across southern Canada; and funding the Natural Heritage Conservation Program to assist and support securing of ecologically significant areas across Canada, protect habitat for species at risk (both COSEWIC-assessed and SARA-listed) and migratory birds, and enhance connections and corridors between protected areas. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Inform Canadians about air quality

Produce and deliver the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) to provide Canadians with greater access to local air quality information and forecasts to help make informed decisions about their health.

Program: Air Quality

Performance indicator: Number of sensitive individuals reached by Air Quality Health Index (AQHI risk) communications

Starting point and fiscal year: 0.4M in 2016-17

Target: At least 4M by 2025-26

Note: A methodology was defined to estimate the number of individuals at risk reached by the program, based on where the AQHI is available and using 2016 Statistics Canada Census data. This tells us how many sensitive individuals have access to the AQHI. Further analysis was done, using public opinion research results to calculate how many of those sensitive individuals are aware of the AQHI.

Through the AQHI, ECCC provides information about exposure to air pollution to assist Canadians in protecting themselves from the impacts of outdoor air pollution and making informed decisions about their health. Paying attention to air quality makes cities and communities more sustainable, therefore, this action contributes to FSDS Goal 11.

Relevant targets or ambitions:
GIF Target: UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9),
UN SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

Work with partners on conservation

Build capacity for conservation activities.

Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection

Performance indicator: Total area (km2) of habitat secured by partners

Starting point and fiscal year: 6,382km2 in 2013-14

Target: At least 150,000km2 by 2024-25

Note: This is a summary indicator of all the land securement efforts supported by a variety of ECCC programs. The results of this measure demonstrate the effectiveness of the ECCC support to build capacity for land securement efforts, which supports the contributing action and ultimately biodiversity conservation, as per the FSDS Target.

ECCC contributes to this goal by Developing strategic partnerships for collaborative activities such as scientific and academic research, conservation efforts, promotional campaigns, and outreach activities; working with private land trusts and other key stakeholders, to deliver Government priorities, including to accelerate the rate of private land conservation and protect important natural habitat in communities across southern Canada; and funding the Natural Heritage Conservation Program to assist and support securing of ecologically significant areas across Canada, protect habitat for species at risk (both COSEWIC-assessed and SARA-listed) and migratory birds, and enhance connections and corridors between protected areas.

Relevant targets or ambitions:
GIF Target: UN SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

Initiatives advancing Canada’s implementation of SDG 11 – Sustainable Cities and Communities

The following initiatives demonstrate how Environment and Climate Change Canada programming supports the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs, supplementing the information outlined above.

Planned initiatives	Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets
The Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation Program’s activities include supporting, coordinating, developing, and implementing Canada’s environmental and climate change policies, programs, regulations and plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). This program supports the Government of Canada’s commitment to meeting Canada’s GHG emission reduction target of 40 to 45% below 2005 levels by 2030 and net-zero emissions by 2050. The Program includes the Green Municipal Fund (GMF), which provides funding to the Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) to administer a revolving fund for grants, loans, and loan guarantees to encourage investment in municipal environmental projects. Other useful information on clean growth and climate change mitigation: Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act Canada’s 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan A Healthy Environment and a Healthy Economy	These ECCC programs contribute to advancing: Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions: 11.3 Canadians live in healthy, accessible, and sustainable cities and communities Target: Increase the percentage of Canadians living in areas where air pollutant concentrations are less or equal to the standards from 60% in 2005 to 85% in 2030 Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets: 11.4 Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage 11.6 By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management 11.7 By 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive, and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities 11.a Support positive economic, social, and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and rural areas by strengthening national and regional development planning.
Management of Substances and Waste Program aims to reduce threats to the health of Canadians and their environment from harmful substances and waste through various actions and activities including stakeholder engagement, information gathering, research, monitoring, tracking, and reporting of harmful substances, and assessing and managing their risks to the environment. Other useful information on substances and waste management: Managing and reducing waste Managing substances in the environment Municipal solid waste management Plastic waste and pollution reduction
The Habitat Conservation and Protection Program aims to secure, protect, connect, improve, and restore ecologically sensitive habitat, including wetlands, to contribute to the conservation and protection of migratory birds, species at risk and other wildlife, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Other useful information on habitat conservation and protection: Protected areas Wildlife, plants, and species Biodiversity
The Air Quality Program addresses outdoor air pollution with the aim of improving the quality of ambient air, reducing its effects on human health and the environment, and to empower Canadians to protect themselves when air quality deteriorates. The Program performs air quality science (research, monitoring and modeling) and analysis, generates emissions data, and provides scientific, technical and policy advice. The Program develops Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards, monitors and reports on ambient air quality, and develops and administers regulations and other risk management instruments to reduce air pollutant emissions from industry, vehicles, engines and fuels, and consumer and commercial products. The Program collaborates with federal departments, provinces, territories, and other stakeholders to address domestic air pollution, including to implement Canada’s Air Quality Management System, and works internationally to reduce transboundary air pollution. The Program is also working to collaborate with Indigenous Peoples on air quality issues of concern for them, particularly for those living in areas near industrial activities. Additionally, the Program produces and disseminates daily Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) forecasts and related health information to help Canadians make decisions to protect their health by limiting short-term exposure to air pollution. Other useful information on air quality: Air pollution and air quality in Canada Canada’s actions on air quality Air quality research and science Air Quality Heath Index.

Planned initiatives

Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets

The Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation Program’s activities include supporting, coordinating, developing, and implementing Canada’s environmental and climate change policies, programs, regulations and plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). This program supports the Government of Canada’s commitment to meeting Canada’s GHG emission reduction target of 40 to 45% below 2005 levels by 2030 and net-zero emissions by 2050. The Program includes the Green Municipal Fund (GMF), which provides funding to the Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) to administer a revolving fund for grants, loans, and loan guarantees to encourage investment in municipal environmental projects.

Other useful information on clean growth and climate change mitigation:

These ECCC programs contribute to advancing:

Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions:

11.3 Canadians live in healthy, accessible, and sustainable cities and communities
Target: Increase the percentage of Canadians living in areas where air pollutant concentrations are less or equal to the standards from 60% in 2005 to 85% in 2030

Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets:

11.4 Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage
11.6 By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management
11.7 By 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive, and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities
11.a Support positive economic, social, and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and rural areas by strengthening national and regional development planning.

Management of Substances and Waste Program aims to reduce threats to the health of Canadians and their environment from harmful substances and waste through various actions and activities including stakeholder engagement, information gathering, research, monitoring, tracking, and reporting of harmful substances, and assessing and managing their risks to the environment.

Other useful information on substances and waste management:

Other useful information on habitat conservation and protection:

The Air Quality Program addresses outdoor air pollution with the aim of improving the quality of ambient air, reducing its effects on human health and the environment, and to empower Canadians to protect themselves when air quality deteriorates. The Program performs air quality science (research, monitoring and modeling) and analysis, generates emissions data, and provides scientific, technical and policy advice. The Program develops Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards, monitors and reports on ambient air quality, and develops and administers regulations and other risk management instruments to reduce air pollutant emissions from industry, vehicles, engines and fuels, and consumer and commercial products. The Program collaborates with federal departments, provinces, territories, and other stakeholders to address domestic air pollution, including to implement Canada’s Air Quality Management System, and works internationally to reduce transboundary air pollution. The Program is also working to collaborate with Indigenous Peoples on air quality issues of concern for them, particularly for those living in areas near industrial activities. Additionally, the Program produces and disseminates daily Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) forecasts and related health information to help Canadians make decisions to protect their health by limiting short-term exposure to air pollution.

Other useful information on air quality:

Goal 12: Reduce waste and transition to zero-emission vehicles

FSDS context:

ECCC regulates emissions from the transportation sector, including light, medium and heavy-duty vehicles, off road vehicles, and small spark engines. ECCC is also developing zero emission vehicle mandates for light, medium and heavy-duty vehicles, and supports other departments in reducing emissions from the marine and aviation sectors. Additionally, ECCC contributes to the transition to net-zero carbon, climate-resilient, and green government operations. To reach net-zero carbon in real property operations, the largest source of Scope 1 and Scope 2^{Footnote 15} greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the Department’s operations, ECCC is making operational and energy efficiency improvements. To reduce GHG emissions from fleet operations, the Department follows a strategic approach to decarbonize and optimize its fleet, including using telematics, purchases of zero-emissions vehicles or hybrids based on operational needs, and through vehicle sharing.

ECCC also plays an active role in promoting and supporting the Government’s zero plastic waste agenda, and related efforts to increase the reuse, recycling, and recovery of wastes from government operations, the diversion of waste from landfills, and the prevention of the release of waste into the environment, consistent with the global movement toward a “circular economy”. ECCC provides science and guidance to other federal departments and agencies in support of a more comprehensive, consistent, and evidence-based government-wide approach to sustainability and to reaching zero plastic waste and a circular plastic economy. ECCC also supports the environmentally sound management of substances and wastes throughout their life cycle through domestic actions and in accordance with international agreements.

Target theme: Management of Waste, Resources, and Chemicals

Target: By 2030, the amount of single-use plastics that is entering the environment as pollution will be reduced by 5% and that is sent to landfill by 3%
(Minister of Environment and Climate Change)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Implement the Single-Use Plastics Prohibition Regulations	Implement the Single-use Plastics Prohibition Regulations that were enacted in 2022, with prohibitions being phased in between 2022 and 2025. Program: Substances and Waste Management	Performance indicator: Percentage of regulated entities in compliance with the Regulations Starting point and fiscal year: 0% 2022-23 Target: 100% by 2025-26	These regulations ban six categories of single-use plastics that are found in the environment, pose a threat to wildlife, are hard to recycle and have alternatives. It is estimated that the Regulations will prevent 22,000 tonnes of plastic litter over ten years. They contribute to reaching SDG target 12.5 by removing harmful and problematic single-use plastic items from the market, driving the adoption of reuse and more sustainable alternatives. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.5)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Implement the Single-Use Plastics Prohibition Regulations

Implement the Single-use Plastics Prohibition Regulations that were enacted in 2022, with prohibitions being phased in between 2022 and 2025.

Program: Substances and Waste Management

Performance indicator: Percentage of regulated entities in compliance with the Regulations

Starting point and fiscal year: 0% 2022-23

Target: 100% by 2025-26

These regulations ban six categories of single-use plastics that are found in the environment, pose a threat to wildlife, are hard to recycle and have alternatives. It is estimated that the Regulations will prevent 22,000 tonnes of plastic litter over ten years. They contribute to reaching SDG target 12.5 by removing harmful and problematic single-use plastic items from the market, driving the adoption of reuse and more sustainable alternatives.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.5)

Target: Reduce the amount of waste Canadians send to disposal from a baseline of 699 kilograms per person in 2014 to 490 kilograms per person by 2030 (a 30% reduction); and to 350 kilograms per person by 2040 (a 50% reduction) (Minister of Environment and Climate Change, as federal lead in the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Work with provinces and territories through the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) to implement the Canada-wide Strategy on Zero Plastic Waste	Implement proposed regulations requiring minimum amounts of recycled plastic in new packaging. Program: Substances and Waste Management	Performance indicator: Percentage of regulated entities in compliance with the Regulations Starting point and fiscal year: 0% in 2023-24 Target: 100% by 2029-30	These measures aim to divert plastics from landfills and towards recycling to better protect the environment from plastic pollution. A co-benefit is the reduction of lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions of plastic packaging with recycled content. They contribute to reaching SDG target 12.5. Relevant targets or ambitions: CIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.7)
Other	Work with provinces and territories through the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) to implement the Canada-wide Strategy on Zero Plastic Waste (CAP-ZPW). Program: Substances and Waste Management	Performance indicator: Amount (tonnes) of plastics entering Canada’s natural environment, from both terrestrial and aquatic based sources Starting point and fiscal year: ECCC-commissioned baseline (starting point) and modelled projections for plastic pollution will be available in 2023-24 Target: Reduction from the baseline for plastic waste in both terrestrial and aquatic environments by 2029-30	This work aims to reduce waste generation and keep plastics out of the environment. Through the funding received in Budget 2023 ECCC is contributing to the implementation of the CCME’s CAP-ZPW in these areas: expanding knowledge on plastics in the environment and the economy; developing and implementing management measures; supporting innovation and market transformation; preventing and reducing plastic pollution. Relevant targets or ambitions: CIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.5)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Work with provinces and territories through the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) to implement the Canada-wide Strategy on Zero Plastic Waste

Implement proposed regulations requiring minimum amounts of recycled plastic in new packaging.

Program: Substances and Waste Management

Performance indicator: Percentage of regulated entities in compliance with the Regulations

Starting point and fiscal year: 0% in 2023-24

Target: 100% by 2029-30

These measures aim to divert plastics from landfills and towards recycling to better protect the environment from plastic pollution. A co-benefit is the reduction of lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions of plastic packaging with recycled content. They contribute to reaching SDG target 12.5.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

CIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.7)

Other

Work with provinces and territories through the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) to implement the Canada-wide Strategy on Zero Plastic Waste (CAP-ZPW).

Program: Substances and Waste Management

Performance indicator: Amount (tonnes) of plastics entering Canada’s natural environment, from both terrestrial and aquatic based sources

Starting point and fiscal year: ECCC-commissioned baseline (starting point) and modelled projections for plastic pollution will be available in 2023-24

Target: Reduction from the baseline for plastic waste in both terrestrial and aquatic environments by 2029-30

This work aims to reduce waste generation and keep plastics out of the environment.
Through the funding received in Budget 2023 ECCC is contributing to the implementation of the CCME’s CAP-ZPW in these areas: expanding knowledge on plastics in the environment and the economy; developing and implementing management measures; supporting innovation and market transformation; preventing and reducing plastic pollution.

Relevant targets or ambitions:
CIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.5)

Target theme: Zero-Emission Vehicles

Target: For the 2030 model year, at least 60% of new light-duty vehicle sales are zero-emission vehicles, and 100% of vehicle sales will be zero-emission vehicles for the 2035 model year*
(Minister of Transport; Minister of Environment and Climate Change)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Develop regulations that support light-duty zero-emission vehicle	Continue laying the policy and regulatory groundwork needed to advance Canada’s zero-emission vehicle targets. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Number of final regulations published in the Canada Gazette, Part 2, in 2023 Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2022-23 Target: 1 by 2023-24	ECCC will continue to work with federal partners to accelerate the uptake of zero-emission vehicles to contribute to the FSDS goal of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions by 2030. The Government of Canada released its Emissions Reduction Plan on March 29, 2022. The revised target is for zero-emission vehicles to represent at least 20% of light-duty vehicle sales by 2026, 60% by 2030 and 100% by 2035. Regulations Amending the Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations were published in Canada Gazette I in December 2022. These regulations introduce new requirements to ensure vehicles offered for sale in Canada meets specified annual targets of zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs). These ZEV sales targets would begin with model year 2026 Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6) UN SDG Goal 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Develop regulations that support light-duty zero-emission vehicle

Continue laying the policy and regulatory groundwork needed to advance Canada’s zero-emission vehicle targets.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Number of final regulations published in the Canada Gazette, Part 2, in 2023

Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2022-23

Target: 1 by 2023-24

ECCC will continue to work with federal partners to accelerate the uptake of zero-emission vehicles to contribute to the FSDS goal of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions by 2030. The Government of Canada released its Emissions Reduction Plan on March 29, 2022. The revised target is for zero-emission vehicles to represent at least 20% of light-duty vehicle sales by 2026, 60% by 2030 and 100% by 2035.

Regulations Amending the Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations were published in Canada Gazette I in December 2022.

These regulations introduce new requirements to ensure vehicles offered for sale in Canada meets specified annual targets of zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs). These ZEV sales targets would begin with model year 2026

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

UN SDG Goal 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Target: Aim is to have 35% of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles sales being zero emission by 2030 and 100% by 2040 for a subset of vehicle types based on feasibility (Minister of Transport; Minister of Environment and Climate Change)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Develop regulations that support medium and heavy-duty zero-emission vehicles	Continue laying down the groundwork required for developing a medium and heavy-duty vehicle (MHDV) zero-emission vehicles (ZEV) regulation to achieve the 100% MHDV zero emission sales by 2040 target for a subset of vehicle types based on feasibility. Interim 2030 regulated sales requirements that would vary for different vehicle categories based on feasibility and explore interim targets for the mid-2020s. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Number of proposed regulations published in the Canada Gazette, Part 1, in 2023 Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2022-23 Target: 1 by 2023-24	ECCC will continue to work with federal partners to accelerate the uptake of zero-emission vehicles to contribute to the FSDS goal of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions by 2030.These regulations will introduce new requirements to ensure vehicles offered for sale in Canada meet specified annual targets of zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs). The government has committed to develop a medium-and heavy-duty vehicles ZEV regulation to require 100% medium-and heavy-duty vehicles sales to be ZEVs by 2040 for a subset of vehicle types based on feasibility, with interim 2030 regulated sales requirements that would vary for different vehicle categories based on feasibility and explore interim targets for the mid-2020s. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 7: Affordable and clean energy (Target 7.2) UN SDG 8: Decent work and economic growth (Target 8.4) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Make zero-emissions vehicles more affordable and improve supply	Continue laying the policy and regulatory groundwork needed to achieve Canada’s zero-emission vehicle targets of 20% light-duty vehicle sales by 2026, 60% by 2030 and 100% by 2035, in collaboration with Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada, Natural Resources Canada and Transport Canada^{Footnote 16} . Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Number of final regulations published in the Canada Gazette, Part 2, in 2023 Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2022-23 Target: 1 by 2023-24	ECCC will continue to work with federal partners to accelerate the uptake of zero-emission vehicles to contribute to the FSDS goal of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions by 2030.The Government of Canada released its Emissions Reduction Plan on March 29, 2022. The revised target is for zero-emission vehicles to represent at least 20% of light-duty vehicle sales by 2026, 60% by 2030 and 100% by 2035. Regulations Amending the Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations were published in Canada Gazette I in December 2022. These regulations introduce new requirements to ensure vehicles offered for sale in Canada meet specified annual targets of zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs). These ZEV sales targets would begin with model year 2026. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6) UN SDG Goal 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Continue laying down the groundwork required for developing a MHDV ZEV regulation to achieve the 100% MHDV zero emission sales by 2040 target for a subset of vehicle types based on feasibility, with interim 2030 regulated sales requirements that would vary for different vehicle categories based on feasibility and explore interim targets for the mid-2020s. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance Indicator Number of draft regulations published in the Canada Gazette, Part 1 Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2022-23 Target: 1 by 2023-24	ECCC will continue to work with federal partners to accelerate the uptake of zero-emission vehicles to contribute to the FSDS goal of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions by 2030.These regulations will introduce new requirements to ensure vehicles offered for sale in Canada meet specified annual targets of zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs). The government has committed to develop a medium-and heavy-duty vehicles ZEV regulation to require 100% medium-and heavy-duty vehicles sales to be ZEVs by 2040 for a subset of vehicle types based on feasibility, with interim 2030 regulated sales requirements that would vary for different vehicle categories based on feasibility and explore interim targets for the mid-2020s. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 7: Affordable and clean energy (Target 7.2) UN SDG 8: Decent work and economic growth (Target 8.4) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Develop regulations that support medium and heavy-duty zero-emission vehicles

Continue laying down the groundwork required for developing a medium and heavy-duty vehicle (MHDV) zero-emission vehicles (ZEV) regulation to achieve the 100% MHDV zero emission sales by 2040 target for a subset of vehicle types based on feasibility. Interim 2030 regulated sales requirements that would vary for different vehicle categories based on feasibility and explore interim targets for the mid-2020s.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Number of proposed regulations published in the Canada Gazette, Part 1, in 2023

Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2022-23

Target: 1 by 2023-24

ECCC will continue to work with federal partners to accelerate the uptake of zero-emission vehicles to contribute to the FSDS goal of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions by 2030.These regulations will introduce new requirements to ensure vehicles offered for sale in Canada meet specified annual targets of zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs). The government has committed to develop a medium-and heavy-duty vehicles ZEV regulation to require 100% medium-and heavy-duty vehicles sales to be ZEVs by 2040 for a subset of vehicle types based on feasibility, with interim 2030 regulated sales requirements that would vary for different vehicle categories based on feasibility and explore interim targets for the mid-2020s.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 7: Affordable and clean energy (Target 7.2)

UN SDG 8: Decent work and economic growth (Target 8.4)

UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Make zero-emissions vehicles more affordable and improve supply

Continue laying the policy and regulatory groundwork needed to achieve Canada’s zero-emission vehicle targets of 20% light-duty vehicle sales by 2026, 60% by 2030 and 100% by 2035, in collaboration with Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada, Natural Resources Canada and Transport Canada^{Footnote 16} .

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Number of final regulations published in the Canada Gazette, Part 2, in 2023

Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2022-23

Target: 1 by 2023-24

ECCC will continue to work with federal partners to accelerate the uptake of zero-emission vehicles to contribute to the FSDS goal of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions by 2030.The Government of Canada released its Emissions Reduction Plan on March 29, 2022. The revised target is for zero-emission vehicles to represent at least 20% of light-duty vehicle sales by 2026, 60% by 2030 and 100% by 2035.

Regulations Amending the Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations were published in Canada Gazette I in December 2022. These regulations introduce new requirements to ensure vehicles offered for sale in Canada meet specified annual targets of zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs). These ZEV sales targets would begin with model year 2026.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

UN SDG Goal 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Continue laying down the groundwork required for developing a MHDV ZEV regulation to achieve the 100% MHDV zero emission sales by 2040 target for a subset of vehicle types based on feasibility, with interim 2030 regulated sales requirements that would vary for different vehicle categories based on feasibility and explore interim targets for the mid-2020s.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance Indicator Number of draft regulations published in the Canada Gazette, Part 1

Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2022-23

Target: 1 by 2023-24

ECCC will continue to work with federal partners to accelerate the uptake of zero-emission vehicles to contribute to the FSDS goal of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions by 2030.These regulations will introduce new requirements to ensure vehicles offered for sale in Canada meet specified annual targets of zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs). The government has committed to develop a medium-and heavy-duty vehicles ZEV regulation to require 100% medium-and heavy-duty vehicles sales to be ZEVs by 2040 for a subset of vehicle types based on feasibility, with interim 2030 regulated sales requirements that would vary for different vehicle categories based on feasibility and explore interim targets for the mid-2020s.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 7: Affordable and clean energy (Target 7.2)

UN SDG 8: Decent work and economic growth (Target 8.4)

UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Target theme: Federal Leadership on Responsible Consumption

Target: By 2030, the Government of Canada will divert from landfill at least 75% by weight of non-hazardous operational waste (All Ministers)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Maximize diversion of waste from landfill	Implement procedures to manage building operations and take advantage of programs to reduce the environmental impact of Departmental building operations and materials, including waste reduction and diversion work plans. Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate	Performance indicator: Percentage (by weight) of non-hazardous operational waste diverted from landfill Starting point and fiscal year: 41% in 2022-23 Target: At least 75% by 2029-30 Note: These indicators show how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to reduce the environmental impact of waste, as outlined under the Greening Government Strategy (GGS).	By implementing procedures to manage building operations and taking advantage of programs, such as waste reduction and diversion work plans, ECCC will increase waste diversion rates in its buildings and thereby contribute directly to meeting the FSDS target. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6) UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.5) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Performance indicator: Percentage (by weight) of plastic waste diverted from landfills Starting point and fiscal year: 14% in 2022-23 Target: At least 75% by 2029-30

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Maximize diversion of waste from landfill

Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate

Performance indicator: Percentage (by weight) of non-hazardous operational waste diverted from landfill

Starting point and fiscal year: 41% in 2022-23

Target: At least 75% by 2029-30

Note: These indicators show how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to reduce the environmental impact of waste, as outlined under the Greening Government Strategy (GGS).

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.5)

UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Performance indicator: Percentage (by weight) of plastic waste diverted from landfills

Starting point and fiscal year: 14% in 2022-23

Target: At least 75% by 2029-30

Target: By 2030, the Government of Canada will divert from landfill at least 90% by weight of all construction and demolition waste
(All Ministers)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Maximize diversion of waste from landfill	Implement procedures to manage building operations and take advantage of programs to reduce the environmental impact of Departmental building operations and materials, including: waste reduction and diversion work plans; and life-cycle assessment techniques to minimize embodied carbon and the use of harmful materials in construction and renovation. Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate	Performance indicators: Percentage (by weight) of construction and demolition waste diverted from landfills Starting point and fiscal year: 0% in 2021-22 Target: At least 90% by 2029-30 Note: This indicator shows how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to reduce the environmental impact of waste, as outlined under the GGS.	By implementing procedures to manage building operations and taking advantage of programs, such as waste reduction and diversion work plans, ECCC will increase waste diversion rates in its buildings and thereby contribute directly to meeting the FSDS target. Tracking for applicable projects to enable quantification of construction and demolition waste began in 2021-22. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6) UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.5) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Maximize diversion of waste from landfill

Implement procedures to manage building operations and take advantage of programs to reduce the environmental impact of Departmental building operations and materials, including:
waste reduction and diversion work plans; and life-cycle assessment techniques to minimize embodied carbon and the use of harmful materials in construction and renovation.

Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate

Performance indicators: Percentage (by weight) of construction and demolition waste diverted from landfills

Starting point and fiscal year: 0% in 2021-22

Target: At least 90% by 2029-30

Note: This indicator shows how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to reduce the environmental impact of waste, as outlined under the GGS.

By implementing procedures to manage building operations and taking advantage of programs, such as waste reduction and diversion work plans, ECCC will increase waste diversion rates in its buildings and thereby contribute directly to meeting the FSDS target. Tracking for applicable projects to enable quantification of construction and demolition waste began in 2021-22.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.5)

UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Target: The Government of Canada’s procurement of goods and services will be net-zero emissions by 2050, to aid the transition to a net-zero, circular economy
(All Ministers)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Transform the federal light-duty fleet	Decarbonize ECCC’s fleet, by purchasing zero-emission vehicles (ZEV) or hybrids, Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate	Performance indicator: Percentage of purchases of new light-duty on-road fleet comprised of zero-emission vehicles or hybrid vehicles (where suitable options are available and meet operational feasibility) Starting point and fiscal year: 50% in 2019-20 Target: At least 75% annually Note: This indicator shows how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to adopt low-carbon mobility solutions, as outlined under the GGS.	ECCC will similarly deploy ZEV charging stations within its facilities and facilitate the sharing of fleet vehicles across the department. ECCC will also optimize fleet management by expanding the use of telematics to collect and analyze vehicle usage data on vehicles scheduled to be replaced, provided that essential operational needs and departmental targets are met. By reducing the energy use in its fleet and deploying ZEV charging stations, and by developing a strategic approach to decarbonizing its and optimizing its fleet management, ECCC will further reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from its fleet. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6) UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.7) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Performance indicator: Percentage of the conventional light-duty fleet that is comprised of zero-emission vehicles Starting point and fiscal year: 1% in 2022-23 Target: 100% by 2029-30	By reducing the energy use in its fleet and deploying ZEV charging stations, and by developing a strategic approach to decarbonizing its fleet and optimizing its fleet management, ECCC will further reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from its fleet. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6) UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.7) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Strengthen green procurement criteria	Undertake clean technology demonstration projects and adopt clean technology through procurement of innovative solutions that displace and/or offset the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with electricity used in departmental operations. Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate	Performance indicator: Percentage use of electricity from clean generation sources in its building operations, including procurement of renewable energy credits Starting point and fiscal year: 86.3% in 2021-22 Target: 100% by 2024-25 Note: The Department will assess opportunities to deploy clean electricity projects in its buildings and work with Public Services and Procurement Canada (PSPC) to prioritize clean electricity contracts and/or procurement of renewable energy credits to offset greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the conventional grid-tied electricity used by the Department.	By adopting innovative solutions that displace and/or offset the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with electricity used in its operations, ECCC will contribute to meeting the FSDS target. Moreover, by undertaking clean technology demonstration projects and adopting innovative services and goods, the Department will demonstrate federal leadership in the use of clean technologies. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy (Target 7.2) UN SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (Target 9.4) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Implement the Departmental Green Procurement Action Plan. Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate	Performance indicator: Development of environmental criteria to be incorporated into the procurement of goods and services, prioritizing high impact categories Starting point and fiscal year: Qualitative indicator: In 2021-22, the Department completed the identification of high impact categories of goods and services purchased Target: Environmental criteria developed by 2023-24 Note: This indicator shows how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to reduce the environmental impact of purchased goods and transition to a net-zero, circular economy, as outlined under the GGS.	The Departmental Green Procurement Action Plan includes identifying high impact categories of goods and services purchased which have a significant influence in achieving net-zero carbon and green operations using environmental criteria to reduce the environmental impact and ensure best value in procurement decisions, in particular, those involving high impact categories of goods and services; including criteria that promote the use of sustainable plastic in goods that contain plastic and the reduction of associated plastic packaging waste; and eliminate unnecessary use of single-use plastics in government operations, events and meetings establishing metrics to measure progress over time. By adopting green procurement practices, including the use of environmental criteria to reduce the environmental impact of, and ensure best value in, procurement decisions, the Department will contribute to meeting the FSDS goal of transitioning to green government operations. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.7) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Strengthen support for green procurement and contracting responsibilities. Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate	Performance indicator: Percentage of employees with procurement and contracting responsibilities that have completed the Advanced Green Procurement training course Starting point and fiscal year: An Advanced Green Procurement training course will be available to employees in 2023-24 Target: 100% by 2023-24 Note: Overall, this indicator shows the Department’s progress toward the development of guidelines, resources and training needed to ensure procurement decision-makers can buy green goods and services.	ECCC contributes to this goal through developing guidelines and resources to help Government Acquisition Card holders and specialists in procurement buy green goods and services; by developing and providing training for employees with procurement and contracting responsibilities; and by ensuring that procurement and contracting employees continue to adhere to the requirements and the spirit of the PSPC Policy on Green Procurement and related, relevant legislation. By developing guidelines, resources, and training to ensure procurement decision-makers can buy green goods and services. ECCC will provide, facilitate, and promote mechanisms for green procurement, a key step in elevating the rate with which green procurement practices are pursued in the department. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.7)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Transform the federal light-duty fleet

Decarbonize ECCC’s fleet, by purchasing zero-emission vehicles (ZEV) or hybrids,
Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate

Performance indicator: Percentage of purchases of new light-duty on-road fleet comprised of zero-emission vehicles or hybrid vehicles (where suitable options are available and meet operational feasibility)

Starting point and fiscal year: 50% in 2019-20

Target: At least 75% annually

Note: This indicator shows how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to adopt low-carbon mobility solutions, as outlined under the GGS.

ECCC will similarly deploy ZEV charging stations within its facilities and facilitate the sharing of fleet vehicles across the department. ECCC will also optimize fleet management by expanding the use of telematics to collect and analyze vehicle usage data on vehicles scheduled to be replaced, provided that essential operational needs and departmental targets are met. By reducing the energy use in its fleet and deploying ZEV charging stations, and by developing a strategic approach to decarbonizing its and optimizing its fleet management, ECCC will further reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from its fleet.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.7)

UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Performance indicator: Percentage of the conventional light-duty fleet that is comprised of zero-emission vehicles

Starting point and fiscal year: 1% in 2022-23

Target: 100% by 2029-30

By reducing the energy use in its fleet and deploying ZEV charging stations, and by developing a strategic approach to decarbonizing its fleet and optimizing its fleet management, ECCC will further reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from its fleet.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.7)

UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Strengthen green procurement criteria

Undertake clean technology demonstration projects and adopt clean technology through procurement of innovative solutions that displace and/or offset the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with electricity used in departmental operations.

Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate

Performance indicator: Percentage use of electricity from clean generation sources in its building operations, including procurement of renewable energy credits

Starting point and fiscal year: 86.3% in 2021-22

Target: 100% by 2024-25

Note: The Department will assess opportunities to deploy clean electricity projects in its buildings and work with Public Services and Procurement Canada (PSPC) to prioritize clean electricity contracts and/or procurement of renewable energy credits to offset greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the conventional grid-tied electricity used by the Department.

By adopting innovative solutions that displace and/or offset the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with electricity used in its operations, ECCC will contribute to meeting the FSDS target. Moreover, by undertaking clean technology demonstration projects and adopting innovative services and goods, the Department will demonstrate federal leadership in the use of clean technologies.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy (Target 7.2)

UN SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (Target 9.4)

UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Implement the Departmental Green Procurement Action Plan.

Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate

Performance indicator: Development of environmental criteria to be incorporated into the procurement of goods and services, prioritizing high impact categories

Starting point and fiscal year: Qualitative indicator: In 2021-22, the Department completed the identification of high impact categories of goods and services purchased

Target: Environmental criteria developed by 2023-24

Note: This indicator shows how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to reduce the environmental impact of purchased goods and transition to a net-zero, circular economy, as outlined under the GGS.

The Departmental Green Procurement Action Plan includes identifying high impact categories of goods and services purchased which have a significant influence in achieving net-zero carbon and green operations using environmental criteria to reduce the environmental impact and ensure best value in procurement decisions, in particular, those involving high impact categories of goods and services; including criteria that promote the use of sustainable plastic in goods that contain plastic and the reduction of associated plastic packaging waste; and eliminate unnecessary use of single-use plastics in government operations, events and meetings establishing metrics to measure progress over time. By adopting green procurement practices, including the use of environmental criteria to reduce the environmental impact of, and ensure best value in, procurement decisions, the Department will contribute to meeting the FSDS goal of transitioning to green government operations.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.7)

UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Strengthen support for green procurement and contracting responsibilities.

Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate

Performance indicator: Percentage of employees with procurement and contracting responsibilities that have completed the Advanced Green Procurement training course

Starting point and fiscal year: An Advanced Green Procurement training course will be available to employees in 2023-24

Target: 100% by 2023-24

Note: Overall, this indicator shows the Department’s progress toward the development of guidelines, resources and training needed to ensure procurement decision-makers can buy green goods and services.

ECCC contributes to this goal through developing guidelines and resources to help Government Acquisition Card holders and specialists in procurement buy green goods and services; by developing and providing training for employees with procurement and contracting responsibilities; and by ensuring that procurement and contracting employees continue to adhere to the requirements and the spirit of the PSPC Policy on Green Procurement and related, relevant legislation. By developing guidelines, resources, and training to ensure procurement decision-makers can buy green goods and services. ECCC will provide, facilitate, and promote mechanisms for green procurement, a key step in elevating the rate with which green procurement practices are pursued in the department.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.7)

Implementation strategies supporting the goal^{Footnote 17}

This section is for implementation strategies that support the goal “Reduce waste and transition to zero-emission vehicles” but not a specific FSDS target

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Advance the circular economy in Canada	Work with industry, other governments, and stakeholders to advance a more circular economy in Canada to reduce emissions and waste and promote more sustainable consumption and production.	Performance indicator: Cumulative number of engagement sessions completed Starting point and fiscal year: 2 in 2022-23 Target: At least 6 by 2025-26	Greater collaboration to advance the circular economy in Canada will support the ambition of Canadian’s consuming in a sustainable manner and will be informed by policy development and research being undertake by ECCC, other government departments, and other circular economy organisations. Advancing a more circular economy in Canada also supports the goal of waste reduction. Research has demonstrated that the Circular Economy can have positive environmental impacts by encouraging more sustainable production and consumption and providing solutions to reduce material-based emissions, and waste. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.5)
Assess and manage risks from chemicals and harmful substances	Inform evidence-based decision-making to protect the health of Canadians and the environment from harmful substances and assist Canadians in making informed decisions about their health. Program: Substances and Waste Management	Performance indicator: Risk Assessments are published Starting point and fiscal year: 2016-17 Target: Published by 2023-24 Note: The indicator directly reflects the identification of substances that are considered to be a health or environmental risk and will inform their subsequent risk management.	ECCC will do this by conducting scientific assessment to determine the risks to the environment from substances that are already in commerce (existing substances) and substances proposed for use in Canada. ECCC will also develop better understanding and capacity to manage the health and environmental risks of pollutants to Canadians by: Continuing to deliver Canada’s Chemicals Management Plan with Health Canada, including addressing the remaining established priority chemicals, Continuing to set new directions and objectives for managing chemicals beyond 2020, Supporting greater transparency and public participation in the notification and risk assessments of new substances and organisms through the New Substances Voluntary Public Engagement Transparency Initiative; and Collaborating with Health Canada to strengthen the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA). Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9) UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)
Take risk management actions for substances found to be a risk to the environment or human health. Program: Substances and Waste Management	Performance indicator: Percentage of actions taken in a timely manner to protect Canada’s environment from chemicals found to be a risk to the environment Starting point and fiscal year: 93% in 2022-23 Target: 100% by 2023-24	Manage harmful substances that pose risks, and ensure risk management measures are in place for substances identified as harmful, including through: modelling, analysis, and research, and by developing regulatory impact analysis statements to support informed federal decision-making on policy approaches to reduce air and water pollution. development, implementation, and administration of regulatory and non-regulatory instruments to manage risks from harmful substances; and administering and promoting compliance and implementing a risk-based approach to enforcing regulations related to chemicals and toxic substances. The Implementation of risk management actions aims to reduce the potential environmental risks of harmful substances. This departmental action directly contributes to the FSDS target which is about taking risk management actions for substances found to be a risk to the environment or human health. Managing chemical substances protects the environment and human health. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9) UN SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6) UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.4)
Reduce methane emissions from municipal solid waste landfills	Develop new federal regulations to decrease methane emissions at Canada’s largest landfills, expected to be finalized by December 2024 and assess federal contaminated sites through the Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan at locations for which ECCC is responsible. Program: Substances and Waste Management	Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in landfill methane emissions Starting point and fiscal year: 17Mt CO₂ eq. in 2019 calendar year Target: At least 50% by 2030 calendar year Note: Conducting assessments will determine the risk that a site may pose to human health and the environment and will enable remediation activities to take (place if required), providing Canadians with safe and healthy communities in which to live.	Reducing methane emissions from Canada’s waste sector will contribute to the overall decrease in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in achieving the 2030 and 2050 emission reduction targets. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9) UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.4)
Remediate high-priority contaminated sites	Assess federal contaminated sites through the Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan at sites for which ECCC is responsible. Program: Substances and Waste Management	Performance indicator: Number of Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan-funded sites during Phase IV that have completed remediation/risk management work (Highest Step Completed ≥ 8) Starting point and fiscal year: 1 in 2022-23 Target: At least 24 by 2024-25 Note: Completing remediation/risk management work will ensure that risks to human health and the environment are reduced, providing Canadians with safe and healthy communities in which to live.	Assessment reduces uncertainty related to potential ecological and human health risks and allows remediation to progress. By remediating contaminated sites, for which ECCC is responsible, ECCC will reduce ecological and human health risks related to harmful substances at these sites. Risk reduction activities contribute to a safe and healthy environment for Canadians by minimizing impacts to human health and the environment. ECCC significantly contributes to maintaining high quality standards in the assessment of risks to the environment. In general, site-specific advice helps custodians estimate liabilities, define appropriate remediation measures and objectives, thereby leading to improved environmental outcomes. ECCC Expert support advice increases consistency and transparency of risk-based decisions used in the management of federal contaminated sites. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9) UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.4)
Research innovative solutions for plastics	Develop a roadmap to encourage reuse and repair of products containing plastic. Program: Substances and Waste Management	Performance indicator: Percentage increase in industry’s reported awareness of the roadmap Starting point and fiscal year: Survey to be done in 2025 calendar year to establish the baseline Target: At least 70% by 2026-27 Note: These indicators are a measure of progress towards developing community-led, science backed, and effective plastic pollution capture and collection solutions for diverting plastic waste from the environment. This ultimately leads to a better understanding of the impact of substances that are harmful to the environment or human health.	Plastic pollution will be diverted from landfills and the environment (captured and removed), contributing to cleaner communities. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources (Target 14.1) UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9) UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)
Performance indicator: Percentage increase in the public’s reported awareness of the roadmap Starting point and fiscal year: Survey to be done in 2025 calendar year to establish the baseline Target: At least 2% by 2026-27 Note: These indicators are a measure of progress towards developing community-led, science backed, and effective plastic pollution capture and collection solutions for diverting plastic waste from the environment. This ultimately leads to a better understanding of the impact of substances that are harmful to the environment or human health.
Other	Negotiate on behalf of Canada and implement international agreements related to chemicals management. Program: Substances and Waste Management	Performance indicator: Percentage of decisions or outcomes of the decision-making bodies – the Conferences of the Parties (COPs), of the Basel, Rotterdam, Stockholm and Minamata conventions – that reflect Canadian objectives Starting point and fiscal year: 100% in 2020-21 Target: 100% in 2023-24	ECCC works towards better international chemical management by continuing to advance the sound management of chemicals and waste through active participation in committees and subsidiary bodies to the Basel, Rotterdam, Stockholm, and Minamata Conventions, supported by domestic action under the Chemicals Management Plan, ECCC will strengthen Canada’s capacity to implement effective chemicals and waste management. It will contribute to minimizing threats to Canadians and the environment by engaging with international partners and contributing expertise to key international for a to reduce risks of harmful substances that enter Canada from foreign sources through long range transport and trade. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.4)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Advance the circular economy in Canada

Work with industry, other governments, and stakeholders to advance a more circular economy in Canada to reduce emissions and waste and promote more sustainable consumption and production.

Performance indicator: Cumulative number of engagement sessions completed

Starting point and fiscal year: 2 in 2022-23

Target: At least 6 by 2025-26

Greater collaboration to advance the circular economy in Canada will support the ambition of Canadian’s consuming in a sustainable manner and will be informed by policy development and research being undertake by ECCC, other government departments, and other circular economy organisations. Advancing a more circular economy in Canada also supports the goal of waste reduction. Research has demonstrated that the Circular Economy can have positive environmental impacts by encouraging more sustainable production and consumption and providing solutions to reduce material-based emissions, and waste.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.5)

Assess and manage risks from chemicals and harmful substances

Inform evidence-based decision-making to protect the health of Canadians and the environment from harmful substances and assist Canadians in making informed decisions about their health.

Program: Substances and Waste Management

Performance indicator: Risk Assessments are published

Starting point and fiscal year: 2016-17

Target: Published by 2023-24

Note: The indicator directly reflects the identification of substances that are considered to be a health or environmental risk and will inform their subsequent risk management.

ECCC will do this by conducting scientific assessment to determine the risks to the environment from substances that are already in commerce (existing substances) and substances proposed for use in Canada. ECCC will also develop better understanding and capacity to manage the health and environmental risks of pollutants to Canadians by:

Continuing to deliver Canada’s Chemicals Management Plan with Health Canada, including addressing the remaining established priority chemicals,
Continuing to set new directions and objectives for managing chemicals beyond 2020,
Supporting greater transparency and public participation in the notification and risk assessments of new substances and organisms through the New Substances Voluntary Public Engagement Transparency Initiative; and
Collaborating with Health Canada to strengthen the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA).

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9)

UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

Take risk management actions for substances found to be a risk to the environment or human health.

Program: Substances and Waste Management

Performance indicator: Percentage of actions taken in a timely manner to protect Canada’s environment from chemicals found to be a risk to the environment

Starting point and fiscal year: 93% in 2022-23

Target: 100% by 2023-24

Manage harmful substances that pose risks, and ensure risk management measures are in place for substances identified as harmful, including through:

modelling, analysis, and research, and by developing regulatory impact analysis statements to support informed federal decision-making on policy approaches to reduce air and water pollution.
development, implementation, and administration of regulatory and non-regulatory instruments to manage risks from harmful substances; and
administering and promoting compliance and implementing a risk-based approach to enforcing regulations related to chemicals and toxic substances.

The Implementation of risk management actions aims to reduce the potential environmental risks of harmful substances. This departmental action directly contributes to the FSDS target which is about taking risk management actions for substances found to be a risk to the environment or human health. Managing chemical substances protects the environment and human health.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9)

UN SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.4)

Reduce methane emissions from municipal solid waste landfills

Develop new federal regulations to decrease methane emissions at Canada’s largest landfills, expected to be finalized by December 2024 and assess federal contaminated sites through the Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan at locations for which ECCC is responsible.

Program: Substances and Waste Management

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in landfill methane emissions

Starting point and fiscal year: 17Mt CO₂ eq. in 2019 calendar year

Target: At least 50% by 2030 calendar year

Note: Conducting assessments will determine the risk that a site may pose to human health and the environment and will enable remediation activities to take (place if required), providing Canadians with safe and healthy communities in which to live.

Reducing methane emissions from Canada’s waste sector will contribute to the overall decrease in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in achieving the 2030 and 2050 emission reduction targets.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9)

UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.4)

Remediate high-priority contaminated sites

Assess federal contaminated sites through the Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan at sites for which ECCC is responsible.

Program: Substances and Waste Management

Performance indicator: Number of Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan-funded sites during Phase IV that have completed remediation/risk management work (Highest Step Completed ≥ 8)

Starting point and fiscal year: 1 in 2022-23

Target: At least 24 by 2024-25

Note: Completing remediation/risk management work will ensure that risks to human health and the environment are reduced, providing Canadians with safe and healthy communities in which to live.

Assessment reduces uncertainty related to potential ecological and human health risks and allows remediation to progress. By remediating contaminated sites, for which ECCC is responsible, ECCC will reduce ecological and human health risks related to harmful substances at these sites. Risk reduction activities contribute to a safe and healthy environment for Canadians by minimizing impacts to human health and the environment.
ECCC significantly contributes to maintaining high quality standards in the assessment of risks to the environment. In general, site-specific advice helps custodians estimate liabilities, define appropriate remediation measures and objectives, thereby leading to improved environmental outcomes. ECCC Expert support advice increases consistency and transparency of risk-based decisions used in the management of federal contaminated sites.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9)

UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.4)

Research innovative solutions for plastics

Develop a roadmap to encourage reuse and repair of products containing plastic.

Program: Substances and Waste Management

Performance indicator: Percentage increase in industry’s reported awareness of the roadmap

Starting point and fiscal year: Survey to be done in 2025 calendar year to establish the baseline

Target: At least 70% by 2026-27

Note: These indicators are a measure of progress towards developing community-led, science backed, and effective plastic pollution capture and collection solutions for diverting plastic waste from the environment. This ultimately leads to a better understanding of the impact of substances that are harmful to the environment or human health.

Plastic pollution will be diverted from landfills and the environment (captured and removed), contributing to cleaner communities.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources (Target 14.1)

UN SDG 3: Good health and well-being (Target 3.9)

UN SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (Target 11.6)

Performance indicator: Percentage increase in the public’s reported awareness of the roadmap

Starting point and fiscal year: Survey to be done in 2025 calendar year to establish the baseline

Target: At least 2% by 2026-27

Other

Negotiate on behalf of Canada and implement international agreements related to chemicals management.

Program: Substances and Waste Management

Performance indicator: Percentage of decisions or outcomes of the decision-making bodies – the Conferences of the Parties (COPs), of the Basel, Rotterdam, Stockholm and Minamata conventions – that reflect Canadian objectives

Starting point and fiscal year: 100% in 2020-21

Target: 100% in 2023-24

ECCC works towards better international chemical management by continuing to advance the sound management of chemicals and waste through active participation in committees and subsidiary bodies to the Basel, Rotterdam, Stockholm, and Minamata Conventions, supported by domestic action under the Chemicals Management Plan, ECCC will strengthen Canada’s capacity to implement effective chemicals and waste management. It will contribute to minimizing threats to Canadians and the environment by engaging with international partners and contributing expertise to key international for a to reduce risks of harmful substances that enter Canada from foreign sources through long range transport and trade.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production (Target 12.4)

Initiatives advancing Canada’s implementation of SDG 12 – Responsible Consumption and Production

The following initiatives demonstrate how Environment and Climate Change Canada programming supports the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs, supplementing the information outlined above.

Planned initiatives	Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets
Management of Substances and Waste program aims to reduce threats to the health of Canadians and their environment from harmful substances and waste and to reduce threats to Canada’s aquatic system and prevent marine pollution and contributes to ecosystem health in oceans and the Antarctic. In 2023-24, ECCC will continue to support and undertake science, promote innovation, and employ the tools available to it under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA) to ensure the plastics remain in the economy and out of the environment. As the federal government member of the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME), ECCC works with the provinces and territories, to implement the 2018 Canada-wide Strategy on Zero Plastic Waste, and its Phase 1 and Phase 2 Action Plans. The comprehensive Strategy targets each stage in the lifecycle of plastics through a suite of activities described in its Action Plans. In addition, Canada is working with countries and stakeholders to develop an ambitious and effective global agreement that takes a circular economy approach to reduce plastic waste, increase the value recovery of plastics, and tackle plastic pollution through a range of complementary solutions that span the plastics lifecycle. Other priorities for ECCC in 2022–23 include implementing the national ban on certain harmful single use plastic products and developing recycled content and labelling requirements for plastic packaging and supporting Provincial and Territorial Extended Producer Responsibility by establishing a federal plastic registry. The circular economy provides an alternative and more sustainable framework for the design, production and consumption of products and materials to keep them in the economy and out of landfills for as long as possible. ECCC is committed working with others to explore what opportunities greater circularity could offer in a Canadian context, and to advance a made-in-Canada approach. Canada implements and is an active contributor to the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal which aims to protect human health and the environment against the adverse effects resulting from the generation and management of hazardous and other wastes. Priorities for 2024-2025 are the ratification of the Basel Convention Ban Amendment and acceptance of the recent amendments to Annexes II, VIII and IX on electrical and electronic waste. Other useful information on substances and waste management: Pollution and waste management Waste management in Canada Plastic waste and pollution reduction Solid waste diversion and disposal Pollution emergencies	These ECCC programs contribute to advancing: Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions: 12.1 Canadians consume in a sustainable manner Target: Zero-emission vehicles represent 10% of new light duty vehicle sales by 2025, 30% by 2030 and 100% by 2040 12.2/12.3 Canadians consume in a sustainable manner Target: No specific target Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets: 12.1 Implement the 10-Year Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns, all countries taking action, with developed countries taking the lead, taking into account the development and capabilities of developing countries 12.2 By 2030, achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources 12.3 By 2030, halve per capita global food waste at the retail and consumer levels and reduce food losses along production and supply chains, including post-harvest losses 12.4 By 2020, achieve the environmentally sound management of chemicals and all wastes throughout their life cycle, in accordance with agreed international frameworks, and significantly reduce their release to air, water and soil in order to minimize their adverse impacts on human health and the environment 12.5 By 2030, substantially reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling, and reuse 12.6 Encourage companies, especially large and transnational companies, to adopt sustainable practices and to integrate sustainability information into their reporting cycle 12.7 Promote public procurement practices that are sustainable, in accordance with national policies and priorities 12.8 By 2030, ensure that people everywhere have the relevant information and awareness for sustainable development and lifestyles in harmony with nature 12.a Support developing countries to strengthen their scientific and technological capacity to move towards more sustainable patterns of consumption and production 12.b Develop and implement tools to monitor sustainable development impacts for sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products.
Through the Chemicals Management Plan (CMP), the Government of Canada works with domestic and international partners to assess and manage risks to human health and the environment posed by chemical substances. Engagement with a variety of stakeholders and partners, and outreach to the public are fundamental to delivering the core functions of the CMP. Under CEPA, the Government of Canada is responsible for encouraging the participation of Canadians in all stages of the decision-making process, and for providing information to Canadians on human health and the state of the environment. Once it has been determined that a chemical substance poses a risk, risk management instruments (mandatory or voluntary) are then identified, developed, and put into action to help prevent, reduce, or eliminate that risk. The Government of Canada, led by ECCC, held national consultations in 2022 on supply chain transparency and mandatory labelling for chemicals in consumer products to support sustainable products and sustainable decision-making, including through regulatory or other equally effective actions. The information collected through the consultations will inform a strategy that will be published in 2023 on the government’s approach to enhance the availability of information on chemicals in products to support the protection of the environment and human health. This initiative will help the Government of Canada identify and propose options, including regulations for mandatory labelling, to respond to a growing demand for readily accessible information on chemicals in products and more transparency throughout the product supply chain. The end results will support ECCC’s efforts on the plastics agenda and circular economy, inform sustainable business growth, as well, as businesses and consumer decision-making, and provide broader insight into a critical knowledge gap for Environment and Climate Change Canada and Health Canada.
Internationally, Canada continues to champion the Ocean Plastics Charter, launched during our 2018 G7 Presidency. In support of the Charter, Canada delivered $100M to help address plastic waste in developing countries, spark innovation to beat plastic pollution, and support innovative private-public partnerships, and played an important role as a co-facilitator during the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA-5), where the global community came together to recognize the plastic pollution crisis as an environmental priority, and unanimously agreed to develop a new international legally binding instrument on plastic pollution. Canada is also an inaugural member of the High Ambition Coalition to End Plastic Pollution by 2040 towards the negotiation of the new global agreement. More recently, as part of its commitment to being at the forefront of the collective resolve and action to end plastic pollution, Canada provided $4M to the United Nations Environment Program to help ensure inclusive, equitable and transparent negotiations towards an ambitious global agreement. Canada is the proud host of the fourth negotiation session towards the development of the global agreement (INC-4) taking place in Ottawa in April 2024, and remains committed to working with all countries and partners towards the development of an ambitious global treaty that addresses the full lifecycle of plastics.
The Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation Program’s activities include supporting, coordinating, developing, and implementing Canada’s environmental and climate change policies, programs, regulations and plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). This program supports the Government of Canada’s commitment to meeting Canada’s GHG emission reduction target of 40 to 45% below 2005 levels by 2030 and net-zero emissions by 2050. Other useful information on clean growth and climate change mitigation: Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act Canada’s 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan A Healthy Environment and a Healthy Economy Canada’s 8th National Communication/5th Biennial Report to the UNFCCC.

Planned initiatives

Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets

Management of Substances and Waste program aims to reduce threats to the health of Canadians and their environment from harmful substances and waste and to reduce threats to Canada’s aquatic system and prevent marine pollution and contributes to ecosystem health in oceans and the Antarctic. In 2023-24, ECCC will continue to support and undertake science, promote innovation, and employ the tools available to it under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA) to ensure the plastics remain in the economy and out of the environment. As the federal government member of the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME), ECCC works with the provinces and territories, to implement the 2018 Canada-wide Strategy on Zero Plastic Waste, and its Phase 1 and Phase 2 Action Plans. The comprehensive Strategy targets each stage in the lifecycle of plastics through a suite of activities described in its Action Plans. In addition, Canada is working with countries and stakeholders to develop an ambitious and effective global agreement that takes a circular economy approach to reduce plastic waste, increase the value recovery of plastics, and tackle plastic pollution through a range of complementary solutions that span the plastics lifecycle. Other priorities for ECCC in 2022–23 include implementing the national ban on certain harmful single use plastic products and developing recycled content and labelling requirements for plastic packaging and supporting Provincial and Territorial Extended Producer Responsibility by establishing a federal plastic registry.

The circular economy provides an alternative and more sustainable framework for the design, production and consumption of products and materials to keep them in the economy and out of landfills for as long as possible. ECCC is committed working with others to explore what opportunities greater circularity could offer in a Canadian context, and to advance a made-in-Canada approach.

Canada implements and is an active contributor to the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal which aims to protect human health and the environment against the adverse effects resulting from the generation and management of hazardous and other wastes. Priorities for 2024-2025 are the ratification of the Basel Convention Ban Amendment and acceptance of the recent amendments to Annexes II, VIII and IX on electrical and electronic waste.

Other useful information on substances and waste management:

These ECCC programs contribute to advancing:

Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions:

12.1 Canadians consume in a sustainable manner

Target: Zero-emission vehicles represent 10% of new light duty vehicle sales by 2025, 30% by 2030 and 100% by 2040

12.2/12.3 Canadians consume in a sustainable manner

Target: No specific target

Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets:

12.1 Implement the 10-Year Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns, all countries taking action, with developed countries taking the lead, taking into account the development and capabilities of developing countries
12.2 By 2030, achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources
12.3 By 2030, halve per capita global food waste at the retail and consumer levels and reduce food losses along production and supply chains, including post-harvest losses
12.4 By 2020, achieve the environmentally sound management of chemicals and all wastes throughout their life cycle, in accordance with agreed international frameworks, and significantly reduce their release to air, water and soil in order to minimize their adverse impacts on human health and the environment
12.5 By 2030, substantially reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling, and reuse
12.6 Encourage companies, especially large and transnational companies, to adopt sustainable practices and to integrate sustainability information into their reporting cycle
12.7 Promote public procurement practices that are sustainable, in accordance with national policies and priorities
12.8 By 2030, ensure that people everywhere have the relevant information and awareness for sustainable development and lifestyles in harmony with nature
12.a Support developing countries to strengthen their scientific and technological capacity to move towards more sustainable patterns of consumption and production
12.b Develop and implement tools to monitor sustainable development impacts for sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products.

Through the Chemicals Management Plan (CMP), the Government of Canada works with domestic and international partners to assess and manage risks to human health and the environment posed by chemical substances. Engagement with a variety of stakeholders and partners, and outreach to the public are fundamental to delivering the core functions of the CMP. Under CEPA, the Government of Canada is responsible for encouraging the participation of Canadians in all stages of the decision-making process, and for providing information to Canadians on human health and the state of the environment. Once it has been determined that a chemical substance poses a risk, risk management instruments (mandatory or voluntary) are then identified, developed, and put into action to help prevent, reduce, or eliminate that risk.

The Government of Canada, led by ECCC, held national consultations in 2022 on supply chain transparency and mandatory labelling for chemicals in consumer products to support sustainable products and sustainable decision-making, including through regulatory or other equally effective actions. The information collected through the consultations will inform a strategy that will be published in 2023 on the government’s approach to enhance the availability of information on chemicals in products to support the protection of the environment and human health.

This initiative will help the Government of Canada identify and propose options, including regulations for mandatory labelling, to respond to a growing demand for readily accessible information on chemicals in products and more transparency throughout the product supply chain. The end results will support ECCC’s efforts on the plastics agenda and circular economy, inform sustainable business growth, as well, as businesses and consumer decision-making, and provide broader insight into a critical knowledge gap for Environment and Climate Change Canada and Health Canada.

Canada is also an inaugural member of the High Ambition Coalition to End Plastic Pollution by 2040 towards the negotiation of the new global agreement. More recently, as part of its commitment to being at the forefront of the collective resolve and action to end plastic pollution, Canada provided $4M to the United Nations Environment Program to help ensure inclusive, equitable and transparent negotiations towards an ambitious global agreement. Canada is the proud host of the fourth negotiation session towards the development of the global agreement (INC-4) taking place in Ottawa in April 2024, and remains committed to working with all countries and partners towards the development of an ambitious global treaty that addresses the full lifecycle of plastics.

Other useful information on clean growth and climate change mitigation:

Goal 13: Take action on climate change and its impacts

FSDS context:

ECCC plays a lead federal role in taking effective action on climate change and supporting the transition to a net-zero carbon economy in partnership with provinces, territories, Indigenous Peoples, youth, industry, and non-governmental and international organizations. ECCC played a key role in the development of the Government of Canada’s 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan (ERP), an ambitious and achievable roadmap outlining a sector-by-sector path for Canada to reach its emissions reduction target of 40 to 45% below 2005 levels by 2030 and net-zero emissions by 2050. ECCC is responsible for the coordination of all 2030 ERP measures and is accountable for leading many the distinct measures the Government has committed to in this plan. The plan includes new investments and reflects economy-wide measures, such as carbon pricing and clean fuels, while also targeting specific sectors, from oil and gas to transportation to drive down greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions while creating jobs for workers and opportunities for businesses. The ERP includes new investments to support collaborative work with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis to implement an Indigenous Climate Leadership Agenda. This work will support Indigenous-led and delivered solutions and equip Indigenous partners with resources to implement self-determined climate action.

As an active international player and to advance Canada’s contributions to effective international agreements, ECCC pushes for global action to implement the Paris Agreement and to support the integration of sustainable development considerations in Canada’s Free Trade Agreements and environmental cooperation instruments. This includes the climate finance Canada provides under the Paris Agreement and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to help developing countries reduce GHG emissions and help the poorest and most vulnerable enhance their resilience to the impacts of climate change. In addition, ECCC advances Canada’s climate agenda through bilateral and regional relations and promotes Canadian clean technology abroad to support climate change mitigation and adaptation.

Target theme: Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation

Target: Achieve 40 to 45% greenhouse gas emission reductions below 2005 levels by 2030, and achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050
(Minister of Environment and Climate Change supported by all other Ministers)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Continue to implement Canada’s climate plans and actions	Work closely with provincial, territorial, municipal, and Indigenous partners as well as businesses, non-governmental organizations, academics, experts, Canadians, and other stakeholders to continue implementing the Pan-Canadian Framework (PCF), Canada’s strengthened climate plan (A Healthy Environment and a Healthy Economy) and the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan. Note: Please refer to departmental actions related to implementing the Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act, below. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Canada’s annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (MtCO₂e) - projections Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 calendar year GHG levels (subject to change as National Inventory Report (NIR) data is updated) Target: At least 40% reduction in Mt by 2030 calendar year Note: Canada prepares GHG emissions projections annually using a detailed bottom-up simulation model where energy data is allocated to economic sectors, in accordance with the latest guidelines from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The results of the projections are published either in a report submitted to the UNFCCC (e.g., National Communication, Biennial Transparency Report) or in a standalone domestic report. The most recent projections and previous reports can be found on canada.ca.	ECCC’s efforts contributing to the ultimate goal to reduce Canada’s GHG emissions includes: Engage partners through the Canadian Council of the Ministers of the Environment to share ideas and information related to climate change priorities and programming. Work with provinces and territories to report on actions taken to address climate change. Fulfill ongoing commitments made in Canada’s Strengthened Climate Plan, such as continuing to work with provincial and territorial governments to develop a new model ’retrofit’ code for existing buildings, with the goal of collaborating with provinces and territories to have this code in place by 2025. Continue to work with partners, including other federal departments and agencies, provinces and territories, and Indigenous partners to implement the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan, which builds upon the Strengthened Climate Plan. Continue to engage with the Net-Zero Advisory Body (NZAB), the independent Body of up to 15 experts that was established as a Governor in Council appointed body under the Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act, and publicly respond to its advice. The NZAB is a permanent resource that provides ongoing expert advice to the Minister from now until 2050 as Canada develops and implements its plans to achieve net-zero emissions. Many of the over 120 countries that have committed to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050 have introduced their own net-zero advisory bodies or committees, including the United Kingdom, Germany, New Zealand, and France. Active in the Canadian Council of the Ministers of the Environment (CCME) which enables the exchange of ideas and information related to climate change priorities and programming that can be leveraged to advance adaptation action, and to find ways to increase the use of clean technologies and executes project activities that are of mutual interest and benefit to its members, these interests include net-zero initiatives, green economic recovery, climate change risk assessment, natural infrastructure and improved adaptation and mitigation metrics). Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Performance indicator: Canada's annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (Mt CO₂ Eq.) - historic data Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 calendar year GHG levels (subject to change as NIR data is updated) Target: At least 40% reduction in Mt by 2030 calendar year Note: The historical value of GHG emissions levels in 2005 (measured in megatons, published in the annual National Inventory Report) are subject to change as both the underlying data and methodology for estimating emissions are revised over time.
Implement the Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act	Continue to work with partners, including other federal departments and agencies, provinces, and territories, and Indigenous partners to implement the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Canada’s annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (MtCO₂e) - projections Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 calendar year GHG levels (subject to change as National Inventory Report (NIR) data is updated) Target: At least 40% by 2030 calendar year Note: Canada prepares GHG emissions projections annually using a detailed bottom-up simulation model where energy data is allocated to economic sectors, in accordance with the latest guidelines from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The results of the projections are published either in a report submitted to the UNFCCC (e.g., National Communication, Biennial Transparency Report) or in a standalone domestic report. The most recent projections and previous reports can be found on canada.ca.	ECCC’s efforts contributing to the ultimate goal to reduce Canada’s GHG emissions includes: Lead the publication of the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan, tabled in March 2022. Publish progress reports on the ongoing implementation of the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan in 2023, 2025, and 2027, including an update on the progress made towards achieving the 2026 interim objective (20% reduction below 2005 levels by 2026). Set a new national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction target for 2035 by December 1, 2024, in consultation with provinces, territories, Indigenous Peoples, the Net-Zero Advisory Body, and interested persons. Publish a high-level description of the target within one year after the target is set. Support the Commissioner of the Environment and Sustainable Development in its examination and reporting on the Government of Canada’s implementation of the CNZEAA; and Publish the Minister’s response to the Net-Zero Advisory Body’s (NZAB) annual report (completed in April 2023). Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Performance indicator: Canada's annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (MtCO₂e) - historic data Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 calendar year GHG levels (subject to change as National Inventory Report (NIR) data is updated) Target: At least 40% by 2030 calendar year Note: The historical value of GHG emissions levels in 2005 (measured in megatons, published in the annual National Inventory Report) are subject to change as both the underlying data and methodology for estimating emissions are revised over time.
Other	Effective advocacy for global ambition to reduce direct and indirect impacts of climate change which reflects Canadians’ concerns in all their diversity. Program: International Environment and Climate Action	Performance indicator: Collaborative processes conducted with stakeholders writ large Starting point and fiscal year: Indicator established in 2018-19 Target: Listing type/category of stakeholders met annually	International engagement on climate change, led by ECCC and supported by other departments, informed by regular engagement with relevant federal departments and agencies, provincial and territorial governments, First Nations, Inuit and Métis representatives, and stakeholders such as civil society, business, labour, and youth. Regular engagement is conducted on Canada’s participation in the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement process with provincial and territorial governments, national Indigenous representatives, and stakeholders including Canadian ENGOs, youth, labour, and business. This engagement is also complemented by a representative and inclusive Canadian delegation to the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement processes and negotiations, as well as through complementary event and meeting programming. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.1, Target 13.3)
Advancing international climate action by continuing to demonstrate a strong commitment to international leadership on clean growth and climate change. Program: International Environment and Climate Action	Performance indicator: Percentage of decisions or outcomes at multilateral decision-making body meetings (such as the UNFCCC, G7, G20, and UNEP, etc.) that reflect Canadian objectives Starting point and fiscal year: 86% in 2022-23 Target: At least 70%, annually	ECCC will strengthen Canada’s capacity to contribute to a worldwide reduction of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to meet global targets. By contributing expertise to key international climate and economic fora: Leading Canada’s participation in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Paris Agreement with the aim of strengthening global efforts to implement the Paris Agreement. Continuing to engage internationally to advance ambitious and inclusive climate action, including through ensuring Indigenous Peoples are engaged in developing international climate policy, and by promoting gender equality and the role of women in climate action around the world, as well as continuing efforts to ensure that all Parties to the Paris Agreement undertake ambitious actions under a common framework reflecting the highest standards of transparency and environmental integrity; Leading Canada’s participation in the Montreal Protocol, while promoting ratification and global implementation of the Kigali Amendment on the phase-down of hydrofluorocarbons; and Promoting Canadian climate and environmental objectives in regional trade agreements and international fora such as the G7, G20, OECD, Francophonie, Commonwealth, the World Meteorological Organization and in other Ministerial meetings. Leading the Global Carbon Pricing Challenge launched at COP26, which calls on all countries to adopt explicit carbon pricing systems as part of their suite of climate policies, with a collective goal of covering 60% of global emissions by 2030. Working with international partners will contribute to international goals under the Pan-Canadian Framework (PCF), such as the implementation of the Paris Agreement and the delivery of Canada’s climate finance commitment to support developing countries in tackling climate change. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.A)
Strengthened Methane Regulations for the Oil and Gas Sector and continue administering Canada’s existing oil and gas methane regulations that came into effect in 2020. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Percentage reduction of methane emissions from the oil and gas sector Starting point and fiscal year: 45MtCO₂e in 2012 calendar year Target: At least 40% by 2025 calendar year, then at least 75% by 2030 calendar year Note: The Regulations Respecting Reduction in the Release of Methane and Certain Volatile Organic Compounds (Upstream Oil and Gas Sector), will reduce fugitive and venting emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) and a short-lived climate pollutant that contributes to climate change. Between 2018 and 2035, the cumulative GHG emissions reductions attributable to the regulations are estimated to be approximately 232MtCO₂e. The regulations will deliver on the government of Canada’s March 2016 commitment to reduce emissions of methane from the oil and gas sector by 40% to 45% below 2012 levels by 2025. ECCC is currently working to develop strengthened oil and gas methane regulations that are in line with Canada’s 75% by 2030 reduction target.	Reducing methane emissions from Canada’s oil and gas sector will contribute to the overall decrease in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in achieving the 2030 target of 75% reduction and 2050 emission reduction targets. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Continue to implement Canada’s climate plans and actions

Work closely with provincial, territorial, municipal, and Indigenous partners as well as businesses, non-governmental organizations, academics, experts, Canadians, and other stakeholders to continue implementing the Pan-Canadian Framework (PCF), Canada’s strengthened climate plan (A Healthy Environment and a Healthy Economy) and the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan.

Note: Please refer to departmental actions related to implementing the Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act, below.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Canada’s annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (MtCO₂e) - projections

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 calendar year GHG levels (subject to change as National Inventory Report (NIR) data is updated)

Target: At least 40% reduction in Mt by 2030 calendar year

Note: Canada prepares GHG emissions projections annually using a detailed bottom-up simulation model where energy data is allocated to economic sectors, in accordance with the latest guidelines from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The results of the projections are published either in a report submitted to the UNFCCC (e.g., National Communication, Biennial Transparency Report) or in a standalone domestic report. The most recent projections and previous reports can be found on canada.ca.

ECCC’s efforts contributing to the ultimate goal to reduce Canada’s GHG emissions includes:

Engage partners through the Canadian Council of the Ministers of the Environment to share ideas and information related to climate change priorities and programming.
Work with provinces and territories to report on actions taken to address climate change.
Fulfill ongoing commitments made in Canada’s Strengthened Climate Plan, such as continuing to work with provincial and territorial governments to develop a new model ’retrofit’ code for existing buildings, with the goal of collaborating with provinces and territories to have this code in place by 2025.
Continue to work with partners, including other federal departments and agencies, provinces and territories, and Indigenous partners to implement the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan, which builds upon the Strengthened Climate Plan.
Continue to engage with the Net-Zero Advisory Body (NZAB), the independent Body of up to 15 experts that was established as a Governor in Council appointed body under the Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act, and publicly respond to its advice. The NZAB is a permanent resource that provides ongoing expert advice to the Minister from now until 2050 as Canada develops and implements its plans to achieve net-zero emissions. Many of the over 120 countries that have committed to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050 have introduced their own net-zero advisory bodies or committees, including the United Kingdom, Germany, New Zealand, and France.
Active in the Canadian Council of the Ministers of the Environment (CCME) which enables the exchange of ideas and information related to climate change priorities and programming that can be leveraged to advance adaptation action, and to find ways to increase the use of clean technologies and executes project activities that are of mutual interest and benefit to its members, these interests include net-zero initiatives, green economic recovery, climate change risk assessment, natural infrastructure and improved adaptation and mitigation metrics).

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Performance indicator: Canada's annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (Mt CO₂ Eq.) - historic data

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 calendar year GHG levels (subject to change as NIR data is updated)

Target: At least 40% reduction in Mt by 2030 calendar year

Note: The historical value of GHG emissions levels in 2005 (measured in megatons, published in the annual National Inventory Report) are subject to change as both the underlying data and methodology for estimating emissions are revised over time.

Implement the Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act

Continue to work with partners, including other federal departments and agencies, provinces, and territories, and Indigenous partners to implement the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Canada’s annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (MtCO₂e) - projections

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 calendar year GHG levels (subject to change as National Inventory Report (NIR) data is updated)

Target: At least 40% by 2030 calendar year

ECCC’s efforts contributing to the ultimate goal to reduce Canada’s GHG emissions includes:

Lead the publication of the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan, tabled in March 2022.
Publish progress reports on the ongoing implementation of the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan in 2023, 2025, and 2027, including an update on the progress made towards achieving the 2026 interim objective (20% reduction below 2005 levels by 2026).
Set a new national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction target for 2035 by December 1, 2024, in consultation with provinces, territories, Indigenous Peoples, the Net-Zero Advisory Body, and interested persons. Publish a high-level description of the target within one year after the target is set.
Support the Commissioner of the Environment and Sustainable Development in its examination and reporting on the Government of Canada’s implementation of the CNZEAA; and
Publish the Minister’s response to the Net-Zero Advisory Body’s (NZAB) annual report (completed in April 2023).

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Performance indicator: Canada's annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (MtCO₂e) - historic data

Starting point and fiscal year: Annually recalculated 2005 calendar year GHG levels (subject to change as National Inventory Report (NIR) data is updated)

Target: At least 40% by 2030 calendar year

Other

Effective advocacy for global ambition to reduce direct and indirect impacts of climate change which reflects Canadians’ concerns in all their diversity.

Program: International Environment and Climate Action

Performance indicator: Collaborative processes conducted with stakeholders writ large

Starting point and fiscal year: Indicator established in 2018-19

Target: Listing type/category of stakeholders met annually

International engagement on climate change, led by ECCC and supported by other departments, informed by regular engagement with relevant federal departments and agencies, provincial and territorial governments, First Nations, Inuit and Métis representatives, and stakeholders such as civil society, business, labour, and youth.

Regular engagement is conducted on Canada’s participation in the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement process with provincial and territorial governments, national Indigenous representatives, and stakeholders including Canadian ENGOs, youth, labour, and business. This engagement is also complemented by a representative and inclusive Canadian delegation to the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement processes and negotiations, as well as through complementary event and meeting programming.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.1, Target 13.3)

Advancing international climate action by continuing to demonstrate a strong commitment to international leadership on clean growth and climate change.

Program: International Environment and Climate Action

Performance indicator: Percentage of decisions or outcomes at multilateral decision-making body meetings (such as the UNFCCC, G7, G20, and UNEP, etc.) that reflect Canadian objectives

Starting point and fiscal year: 86% in 2022-23

Target: At least 70%, annually

ECCC will strengthen Canada’s capacity to contribute to a worldwide reduction of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to meet global targets. By contributing expertise to key international climate and economic fora:

Leading Canada’s participation in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Paris Agreement with the aim of strengthening global efforts to implement the Paris Agreement.
Continuing to engage internationally to advance ambitious and inclusive climate action, including through ensuring Indigenous Peoples are engaged in developing international climate policy, and by promoting gender equality and the role of women in climate action around the world, as well as continuing efforts to ensure that all Parties to the Paris Agreement undertake ambitious actions under a common framework reflecting the highest standards of transparency and environmental integrity;
Leading Canada’s participation in the Montreal Protocol, while promoting ratification and global implementation of the Kigali Amendment on the phase-down of hydrofluorocarbons; and
Promoting Canadian climate and environmental objectives in regional trade agreements and international fora such as the G7, G20, OECD, Francophonie, Commonwealth, the World Meteorological Organization and in other Ministerial meetings.
Leading the Global Carbon Pricing Challenge launched at COP26, which calls on all countries to adopt explicit carbon pricing systems as part of their suite of climate policies, with a collective goal of covering 60% of global emissions by 2030.

Working with international partners will contribute to international goals under the Pan-Canadian Framework (PCF), such as the implementation of the Paris Agreement and the delivery of Canada’s climate finance commitment to support developing countries in tackling climate change.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.A)

Strengthened Methane Regulations for the Oil and Gas Sector and continue administering Canada’s existing oil and gas methane regulations that came into effect in 2020.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction of methane emissions from the oil and gas sector

Starting point and fiscal year: 45MtCO₂e in 2012 calendar year

Target: At least 40% by 2025 calendar year, then at least 75% by 2030 calendar year

Reducing methane emissions from Canada’s oil and gas sector will contribute to the overall decrease in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in achieving the 2030 target of 75% reduction and 2050 emission reduction targets.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Target theme: Federal Leadership on Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions and Climate Resilience

Target: The Government of Canada will transition to net-zero carbon operations for facilities and
conventional fleets by 2050 (All Ministers)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Implement the Greening Government Strategy through measures that reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve climate resilience, and green the government’s overall operations	Determine the most cost-effective pathway to achieve net-zero carbon operations in facilities and fleet, as well as opportunities for portfolio rationalization and space optimization, by undertaking a strategic evaluation of the Department’s real property portfolio. Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate	Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in energy-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from facilities and conventional fleets relative to fiscal year 2005-06 Starting point and fiscal year: 39.6% in 2022-23 Target: At least 40% by 2024-25 Note: This indicator shows how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, as outlined under the GGS.	The Department will ensure that the findings from the strategic evaluation of the its real property portfolio are taken into consideration in investment planning associated with greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions projects in the Departments real property portfolio and that all new buildings, major building retrofits, and fleet actions prioritize net-zero carbon investments based on integrated design principles, and lifecycle and total-cost-of-ownership assessments, which incorporate shadow carbon pricing. ECCC will contribute to further reduce GHG emissions from its facilities and fleet by ensuring that the most cost-effective pathway to achieve net-zero carbon operations is pursued, taking into consideration opportunities for portfolio rationalization and space optimization in investment planning associated with GHG emission reductions projects in its real property portfolio, and ensuring that all facilities and fleet prioritize net-zero carbon investments. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Modernize through net-zero carbon buildings	Determine the most cost-effective pathway to achieve net-zero carbon operations in new federal buildings, as well as opportunities for portfolio rationalization and space optimization, by undertaking a strategic evaluation of the Department’s real property portfolio. Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate	Performance indicator: Percentage of new federal buildings (including build-to-lease and public-private partnerships) that are net-zero carbon or had a life-cycle cost-benefit analysis that indicates net-zero-carbon-ready construction Starting point and fiscal year: No new buildings were constructed in 2021-22 or 2022-23 Target: 100% by 2023-24 Note: This indicator shows how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to prioritize low-carbon and climate resilience in new federal buildings, as outlined under the GGS.	The Department will ensure that these findings are then taken into consideration in investment planning associated with greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions projects in the Department’s real property portfolio and that all new federal buildings, including significant energy performance contracts, prioritize net-zero carbon investments based on integrated design principles, and lifecycle cost approach and total-cost-of-ownership assessments, using a period of 40 years and a carbon shadow price of $300 per tonne. ECCC will contribute to further reduce GHG emissions from its facilities by: ensuring that the most cost-effective pathway to achieve net-zero carbon operations is pursued, taking into consideration opportunities for portfolio rationalization and space optimization in investment planning associated with GHG emission reductions projects in its real property portfolio, and ensuring that all new buildings prioritize net-zero carbon investments. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Apply a greenhouse gas reduction life-cycle cost analysis for major building retrofits	Determine the most cost-effective pathway to achieve net-zero carbon operations through major building retrofits, as well as opportunities for portfolio rationalization and space optimization, by undertaking a strategic evaluation of the Department’s real property portfolio. Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate	Performance indicator: Percentage of major building retrofits, including significant energy performance contracts, for which a greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction life-cycle cost analysis was completed Starting point and fiscal year: No major retrofits or energy performance contracts were completed in 2021-22 or 2022-23 Target: 100% by 2024-25 Note: This indicator shows how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to prioritize low-carbon and climate resilience in major building retrofits, as outlined under the GGS.	The Department will ensure that these findings are then taken into consideration in investment planning associated with greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions projects in the Department’s real property portfolio and that all major building retrofits, including significant energy performance contracts, prioritize net-zero carbon investments based on integrated design principles, and lifecycle cost approach and total-cost-of-ownership assessments, using a period of 40 years and a carbon shadow price of $300 per tonne. ECCC will contribute to further reduce GHG emissions from its facilities by conducting whole building (or asset) life-cycle assessments by 2025 at the latest for major buildings and infrastructure projects; and ensuring that the most cost-effective pathway to achieve net-zero carbon operations is pursued, taking into consideration opportunities for portfolio rationalization and space optimization in investment planning associated with GHG emission reductions projects in its real property portfolio, and ensuring that all major building retrofits prioritize net-zero carbon investments. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Implement the Greening Government Strategy through measures that reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve climate resilience, and green the government’s overall operations

Determine the most cost-effective pathway to achieve net-zero carbon operations in facilities and fleet, as well as opportunities for portfolio rationalization and space optimization, by undertaking a strategic evaluation of the Department’s real property portfolio.

Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction in energy-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from facilities and conventional fleets relative to fiscal year 2005-06

Starting point and fiscal year: 39.6% in 2022-23

Target: At least 40% by 2024-25

Note: This indicator shows how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, as outlined under the GGS.

The Department will ensure that the findings from the strategic evaluation of the its real property portfolio are taken into consideration in investment planning associated with greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions projects in the Departments real property portfolio and that all new buildings, major building retrofits, and fleet actions prioritize net-zero carbon investments based on integrated design principles, and lifecycle and total-cost-of-ownership assessments, which incorporate shadow carbon pricing. ECCC will contribute to further reduce GHG emissions from its facilities and fleet by ensuring that the most cost-effective pathway to achieve net-zero carbon operations is pursued, taking into consideration opportunities for portfolio rationalization and space optimization in investment planning associated with GHG emission reductions projects in its real property portfolio, and ensuring that all facilities and fleet prioritize net-zero carbon investments.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Modernize through net-zero carbon buildings

Determine the most cost-effective pathway to achieve net-zero carbon operations in new federal buildings, as well as opportunities for portfolio rationalization and space optimization, by undertaking a strategic evaluation of the Department’s real property portfolio.

Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate

Performance indicator: Percentage of new federal buildings (including build-to-lease and public-private partnerships) that are net-zero carbon or had a life-cycle cost-benefit analysis that indicates net-zero-carbon-ready construction

Starting point and fiscal year: No new buildings were constructed in 2021-22 or 2022-23

Target: 100% by 2023-24

Note: This indicator shows how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to prioritize low-carbon and climate resilience in new federal buildings, as outlined under the GGS.

ensuring that the most cost-effective pathway to achieve net-zero carbon operations is pursued, taking into consideration opportunities for portfolio rationalization and space optimization in investment planning associated with GHG emission reductions projects in its real property portfolio, and ensuring that all new buildings prioritize net-zero carbon investments.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Apply a greenhouse gas reduction life-cycle cost analysis for major building retrofits

Determine the most cost-effective pathway to achieve net-zero carbon operations through major building retrofits, as well as opportunities for portfolio rationalization and space optimization, by undertaking a strategic evaluation of the Department’s real property portfolio.

Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate

Performance indicator: Percentage of major building retrofits, including significant energy performance contracts, for which a greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction life-cycle cost analysis was completed

Starting point and fiscal year: No major retrofits or energy performance contracts were completed in 2021-22 or 2022-23

Target: 100% by 2024-25

Note: This indicator shows how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to prioritize low-carbon and climate resilience in major building retrofits, as outlined under the GGS.

The Department will ensure that these findings are then taken into consideration in investment planning associated with greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions projects in the Department’s real property portfolio and that all major building retrofits, including significant energy performance contracts, prioritize net-zero carbon investments based on integrated design principles, and lifecycle cost approach and total-cost-of-ownership assessments, using a period of 40 years and a carbon shadow price of $300 per tonne. ECCC will contribute to further reduce GHG emissions from its facilities by conducting whole building (or asset) life-cycle assessments by 2025 at the latest for major buildings and infrastructure projects; and ensuring that the most cost-effective pathway to achieve net-zero carbon operations is pursued, taking into consideration opportunities for portfolio rationalization and space optimization in investment planning associated with GHG emission reductions projects in its real property portfolio, and ensuring that all major building retrofits prioritize net-zero carbon investments.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Target: The Government of Canada will transition to climate resilient operations by 2050 (All Ministers)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Reduce risks posed by climate change to federal assets, services, and operations	Take action to understand the wide range of climate change impacts that could potentially affect ECCC assets, services, and operations. Develop measures to reduce climate change risks to ECCC assets, services, and operations. Integrate risks and potential risk reduction strategies into business continuity or departmental risk planning processes, or equivalent. Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate	Performance Indicators: Departmental climate change portfolio risk assessment is updated Starting point and fiscal year: Departmental climate change portfolio risk assessment completed in 2018-19 Target: Departmental climate change portfolio risk assessment updated by 2028-29 Note: ECCC identifies significant climate-related risks to its portfolio and assets and takes action to reduce those risks. This indicator shows how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to minimize disruptions and damage to its assets, services, and operations related to climate change impacts, as outlined under the GGS.	Actions and measures are part of a Departmental adaptation plan that will improve ECCC’s understanding of the impacts of climate change and support the transition to more climate-resilient departmental operations. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.1)
Performance Indicators: Adaptation plan addressing the Departmental climate change portfolio risk assessment that identifies actions is updated Starting point and fiscal year: Adaptation Plan completed in 2021-22 Target: Adaptation Plan updated by 2031-32 Note: ECCC identifies significant climate-related risks to its portfolio and assets and takes action to reduce those risks. This indicator shows how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to minimize disruptions and damage to its assets, services, and operations related to climate change impacts, as outlined under the GGS.

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Reduce risks posed by climate change to federal assets, services, and operations

Take action to understand the wide range of climate change impacts that could potentially affect ECCC assets, services, and operations. Develop measures to reduce climate change risks to ECCC assets, services, and operations.

Integrate risks and potential risk reduction strategies into business continuity or departmental risk planning processes, or equivalent.

Program: Assets, Real Property and Security Directorate

Performance Indicators: Departmental climate change portfolio risk assessment is updated

Starting point and fiscal year: Departmental climate change portfolio risk assessment completed in 2018-19

Target: Departmental climate change portfolio risk assessment updated by 2028-29

Note: ECCC identifies significant climate-related risks to its portfolio and assets and takes action to reduce those risks. This indicator shows how the Department is progressing towards meeting its goals to minimize disruptions and damage to its assets, services, and operations related to climate change impacts, as outlined under the GGS.

Actions and measures are part of a Departmental adaptation plan that will improve ECCC’s understanding of the impacts of climate change and support the transition to more climate-resilient departmental operations.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.1)

Performance Indicators: Adaptation plan addressing the Departmental climate change portfolio risk assessment that identifies actions is updated

Starting point and fiscal year: Adaptation Plan completed in 2021-22

Target: Adaptation Plan updated by 2031-32

Implementation strategies supporting the goal

This section is for implementation strategies that support the goal “Take action on climate change and its impacts” but not a specific FSDS target

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Strengthen Indigenous leadership on climate action	Work with Indigenous partners on climate change by engaging and collaborating with First Nations, Inuit and Métis on policies, programs, and other priorities, including through distinctions-based bilateral tables. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Percentage of national climate change policies or strategies developed by the Department that integrate the knowledge and perspectives of First Nations, Inuit, and Metis peoples Starting point and fiscal year: 100% in 2022-23 Target: 100%, annually Note: This measure respects the rights of Indigenous Peoples to be engaged in the implementation of Canada’s climate plan through participation in robust, meaningful engagement and reiterates the federal government’s commitment to renewed nation-to-nation, Inuit-to-Crown, and government-to-government relationships with First Nations, Inuit, and the Métis Nation.	ECCC will continue its partnerships with Indigenous Peoples, who are vital to the successful implementation of Canada’s climate plan. ECCC will continue to collaborate through distinctions-based tables with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis, in partnership with the Assembly of First Nations, Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, and the Métis National Council. These tables support the implementation of Canada’s climate plan on an ongoing basis and help to inform the design of clean growth and climate change policy and programs to support Indigenous Peoples’ leadership on climate action^{Footnote 18} . ECCC is engaging Indigenous Peoples in the development of protocols under the Federal Greenhouse Gas Offset System. ECCC is also exploring measures to reduce barriers and increase participation of Indigenous Peoples in the federal offset system so that they can benefit from climate mitigation and economic development opportunities. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.1)
Support climate change adaptation across Canada	Support a coordinated and strategic government-wide approach to adaptation and climate resilience. Program: Climate Change Adaptation	Performance indicator: Cumulative Number of metrics to improve our understanding of Canada’s resilience to climate change Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2020-21 Target: At least 5 by 2025-26 Note: Climate-change adaptation indicators at the national level ought to be aligned with the content of the Canadian National Adaptation Strategy and will be developed in parallel with it.	Contributes to the FSDS Goal of taking effective action on climate change, as it supports a coordinated and strategic approach to adaptation and climate resilience. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.1)
The Climate Action and Awareness Fund supports youth climate awareness priority. Program: Environmental Damages Fund	Performance indicator: Percentage of target audience that confirmed modification in behavior as a result of project activities Starting point and fiscal year: 96% in 2022-23 Target: At least 75% by 2023-24	Ten projects will engage and increase youth awareness across Canada, providing youth with opportunities to contribute to reducing Canada’s Greenhouse gas emissions and building a sustainable net-zero emissions economy by 2050. Projects support youth climate awareness in the kindergarten to Grade 12 (K-12; Maternelle-CEGEP in Quebec) in providing information on how their daily actions can collectively make a meaningful contribution to the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and help address climate change. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.1)
The Climate Action and Awareness Fund’s community-based climate action priority supports projects that develop knowledge, tools and/or skills that engage communities in climate action. Program: Environmental Damages Fund	Performance indicator: Annual number of participants engaged in project activities related to building capacity for climate action Starting point and fiscal year: 115,172 in 2022-23 Target: At least 120,000 annually	Community-based climate action projects help to support Canada’s goals for climate action, such as net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.1)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Strengthen Indigenous leadership on climate action

Work with Indigenous partners on climate change by engaging and collaborating with First Nations, Inuit and Métis on policies, programs, and other priorities, including through distinctions-based bilateral tables.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Percentage of national climate change policies or strategies developed by the Department that integrate the knowledge and perspectives of First Nations, Inuit, and Metis peoples

Starting point and fiscal year: 100% in 2022-23

Target: 100%, annually

Note: This measure respects the rights of Indigenous Peoples to be engaged in the implementation of Canada’s climate plan through participation in robust, meaningful engagement and reiterates the federal government’s commitment to renewed nation-to-nation, Inuit-to-Crown, and government-to-government relationships with First Nations, Inuit, and the Métis Nation.

ECCC will continue its partnerships with Indigenous Peoples, who are vital to the successful implementation of Canada’s climate plan. ECCC will continue to collaborate through distinctions-based tables with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis, in partnership with the Assembly of First Nations, Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, and the Métis National Council. These tables support the implementation of Canada’s climate plan on an ongoing basis and help to inform the design of clean growth and climate change policy and programs to support Indigenous Peoples’ leadership on climate action^{Footnote 18} . ECCC is engaging Indigenous Peoples in the development of protocols under the Federal Greenhouse Gas Offset System. ECCC is also exploring measures to reduce barriers and increase participation of Indigenous Peoples in the federal offset system so that they can benefit from climate mitigation and economic development opportunities.

Relevant targets or ambitions:
GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.1)

Support climate change adaptation across Canada

Support a coordinated and strategic government-wide approach to adaptation and climate resilience.

Program: Climate Change Adaptation

Performance indicator: Cumulative Number of metrics to improve our understanding of Canada’s resilience to climate change

Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2020-21

Target: At least 5 by 2025-26

Note: Climate-change adaptation indicators at the national level ought to be aligned with the content of the Canadian National Adaptation Strategy and will be developed in parallel with it.

Contributes to the FSDS Goal of taking effective action on climate change, as it supports a coordinated and strategic approach to adaptation and climate resilience.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.1)

The Climate Action and Awareness Fund supports youth climate awareness priority.

Program: Environmental Damages Fund

Performance indicator: Percentage of target audience that confirmed modification in behavior as a result of project activities

Starting point and fiscal year: 96% in 2022-23

Target: At least 75% by 2023-24

Ten projects will engage and increase youth awareness across Canada, providing youth with opportunities to contribute to reducing Canada’s Greenhouse gas emissions and building a sustainable net-zero emissions economy by 2050. Projects support youth climate awareness in the kindergarten to Grade 12 (K-12; Maternelle-CEGEP in Quebec) in providing information on how their daily actions can collectively make a meaningful contribution to the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and help address climate change.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.1)

The Climate Action and Awareness Fund’s community-based climate action priority supports projects that develop knowledge, tools and/or skills that engage communities in climate action.

Program: Environmental Damages Fund

Performance indicator: Annual number of participants engaged in project activities related to building capacity for climate action

Starting point and fiscal year: 115,172 in 2022-23

Target: At least 120,000 annually

Community-based climate action projects help to support Canada’s goals for climate action, such as net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.1)

Initiatives advancing Canada’s implementation of SDG 13 – Climate Action

The following initiatives demonstrate how Environment and Climate Change Canada programming supports the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs, supplementing the information outlined above.

Planned initiatives	Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets
The Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation Program’s activities include supporting, coordinating, developing, and implementing Canada’s environmental and climate change policies, programs, regulations and plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). This program supports the Government of Canada’s commitment to meeting Canada’s GHG emission reduction target of 40 to 45% below 2005 levels by 2030 and net-zero emissions by 2050. Other useful information on clean growth and climate change mitigation: Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change Canada’s Strengthened Climate Plan: A Healthy Environment and a Healthy Economy Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act Canada’s 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan Faster and Further: Canada’s Methane Strategy Canada's 8th National Communication and 5th Biennial Report to the UNFCCC. National Action Plan on Open Government 2022-23	These ECCC programs contribute to advancing: Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions: 13.1 Canadians reduce their greenhouse gas emissions Target: By 2030, reduce Canada's total greenhouse gas emissions by 40 to 45%, relative to 2005 emission levels. By 2050, achieve economy-wide net-zero greenhouse gas emissions. 13.2/13.3 Canadians are well-equipped and resilient to face the effects of Climate change Target: No specific target Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets: 13.1 Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related hazards and natural disasters in all countries. 13.2 Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies, and planning. 13.a Implement the commitment undertaken by developed country parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to a goal of mobilizing jointly $100B annually by 2020 from all sources to address the needs of developing countries in the context of meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation and fully operationalize the Green Climate Fund through its capitalization as soon as possible. 13.b Promote mechanisms for raising capacity for effective climate change-related planning and management in least developed countries and small island developing States, including focusing on women, youth and local and marginalized communities. 13.3 Improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction and early warning.
The proposed Regulations Amending the Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations were published in the Canada Gazette, Part I, on December 31, 2022. The proposed Regulations, in which ZEV sales requirements are proposed for passengers’ automobiles and light trucks, is part of the commitments made under the 2030 Emission Reduction Plan (2023 ERP) and making progress toward meeting Canada’s 2030 target and lay the groundwork for net-zero emissions by 2050.The Government of Canada is also taking action to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the oil and gas sector at a pace and scale necessary to achieve Canada’s 2030 and 2050 climate targets. Key elements of the Government’s plan are capping and cutting GHG emissions from the oil and gas sector and ensuring at least 75% reduction in methane emissions from the oil and gas sector by 2030 relative to 2012 levels. New federal regulations are under development to reduce methane emissions from Canada’s landfills. These regulations are part of the Government’s Strengthened Climate Plan - A Healthy Environment and a Healthy Economy to reduce methane emissions by 30% by 2030 from 2020 levels in support of the Global Methane Pledge.
The Climate Change Adaptation Program coordinates action on the adaptation and climate resilience elements of Canada’s National Adaptation Strategy and Canada’s strengthened climate plan. This includes work with other federal departments, provinces, territories, Indigenous Peoples, other countries, and ongoing policy development, such as Canada’s first National Adaptation Strategy and the Government of Canada Adaptation Action Plan. Included here is the climate science, modelling and analysis needed to inform climate-smart decision-making. This Program has also directly delivered on the commitment to improve access to foundational climate science, information, and services through establishment of the Canadian Centre for Climate Services (CCCS) in 2018. The CCCS has since continued working with partners and stakeholders to help Canadians increase their resilience to climate change through information, training, guidance, and resources to support climate-smart decisions, and it collaborates with a national network of regional climate service organizations to increase local capacity.
The Government of Canada Adaptation Action Plan was released in November 2022, alongside the National Adaptation Strategy, as the federal government’s contribution to implementation of the Strategy. The Action Plan represents the Government of Canada’s strategic and targeted action to help meet the Strategy’s goals and objectives. The National Adaptation Strategy establishes a shared vision for climate resilience in Canada and is underpinned by a set of guiding principles to ensure adaptation investments and solutions in Canada are fair, inclusive, and equitable. The Strategy sets ambitious goals and near-term objectives in five systems that are key to building climate resilience across society: Reducing the risk of climate-related disasters Improving health outcomes and overall wellbeing Protecting and restoring nature and biodiversity Building and maintaining resilient infrastructure Supporting a strong economy and workers The Strategy unites actors across Canada through shared priorities, cohesive action, and a whole-of-Canada approach to reducing climate change risks.
The CCCS continues to work with partners and stakeholders to help Canadians increase their resilience to climate change through information, training, guidance, and resources that support climate-smart decision making. The CCCS also supports and fosters the development of a national network of regional climate service organizations to provide the localized services that Canadians need and increase local capacity. Funding from the National Adaptation Strategy has allowed ECCC to continue to contribute to the Flood Hazard Identification & Mapping Program (FHIMP), a joint initiative between Environment and Climate Change Canada, Public Safety Canada and led by Natural Resources Canada. The program will provide regulatory-quality flood hazard maps and modelling of future climate scenarios to help Canadians better plan and prepare for floods. Canada’s first National Adaptation Strategy, released for comment on November 24, 2022, will be finalized in 2023. Other useful information on climate change adaptation: Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change A Healthy Environment and a Healthy Economy Canadian Centre for Climate Services Canada’s National Adaptation Strategy Government of Canada Adaptation Action Plan.
The International Environment and Climate Action Program leads Canada’s efforts in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and Paris Agreement processes, with a focus on the implementation of the Paris Agreement. It also provides leadership, expertise, and advances Canada’s priorities in other international fora. In addition, the Program helps developing countries transition to sustainable, low-carbon, climate–resilient, nature-positive, and inclusive development through the delivery of Canada’s international climate finance commitments. Climate and environment related finance is also provided to international climate and environmental organizations, and domestic organizations working internationally, that are working to advance global climate change action. The Program co-leads the negotiation of environmental commitments in Canada’s Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) including the promotion of substantive climate change provisions. It is also responsible for the implementation of environmental provisions in FTAs and environmental cooperation instruments, as well as promoting the adoption of Canadian cleantech solutions globally to advance climate action. Other useful information on Canada’s international climate change actions: Canada’s international action on climate change Canada’s Achievements at COP26 COP27 summary of outcomes Canada's priorities on climate change Canada's international climate finance Compendium of Canada’s Engagement in International Environmental Agreements and Instruments.
The Climate Science 2050: National Priorities for Climate Change Science and Knowledge Report identifies the most pressing climate change science activities that are needed to inform and refine climate action. This report notes the importance of participating in and leveraging science efforts to ensure that Canada’s science and research community continues to build its science capacity, taking advantage of the international science base, and that state-of-science evidence and knowledge informs Canadian climate action. Participation and leadership in international science programs is necessary to allow Canadian data and knowledge to meet the most rigorous scientific standards for quality, accuracy, and credibility, while leveraging international efforts and partnerships.
Faster & Further: Canada’s Methane Strategy is Canada’s response to signing the November 2021 Global Methane Pledge (GMP) that commits members to a collective goal of reducing human-caused methane emissions by 30% below 2020 levels by 2030. Through this strategy, Canada will be able to reduce domestic methane emissions by more than 35% by 2030, compared to 2020. As the Government of Canada engages with international partners through fora such as the Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC), the Arctic Council, the Global Methane Initiative, and the Methane Sprint launched at the Major Economies Forum, Canada will continue to demonstrate leadership by supporting cost-effective global reductions, seizing market opportunities, advancing international science, research, and development, and encouraging global action on methane.
The Net-Zero Challenge encourages businesses to develop and implement credible and effective plans to transition their facilities and operations to net-zero emissions by 2050. The goal of the Net-Zero Challenge is to normalize net-zero planning so that it becomes a default business practice, builds momentum through guidance and collaboration, and reduces greenhouse gas emissions from industrial and other sectors. The Net-Zero Challenge launched in 2022 and is open to all businesses operating in Canada with net-zero aspirations.

Goal 14: Conserve and protect Canada’s oceans

FSDS context:

ECCC plays a supporting role in protecting ocean and coastal resources. For example, under the renewed Oceans Protection Plan, the Department has increased its 24/7 emergency response capacity, expanded area response planning across Canada, and increased its scientific research, modelling and pollution detection capacity to ensure the environment is protected in the event of an environmental emergency such as an oil spill. ECCC continues to oversee, and issue permits for disposal at sea under Canadian and international legislation and develops new tools and capacity to strengthen protection of species and habitats, as well as other resources.

The Department works closely with Fisheries and Oceans Canada and the Parks Canada Agency to promote and support the establishment of marine National oceans through funding received under the Marine Conservation Target Initiative. This initiative invests in marine protected areas and other effective conservation measures to conserve biodiversity and mitigate climate change. It fosters meaningful partnerships with provincial, territorial, and Indigenous governments, and local communities, to advance effective ocean planning and conservation activities as part of the development of a resilient blue economy. With provinces and territories, ECCC will implement the Canada-wide Action Plans on Zero Plastic Waste and in particular, activities to prevent and mitigate plastic pollution in aquatic environments. ECCC also collaborates closely with Fisheries and Oceans Canada in pursuing measures to support the Ocean Plastics Charter, which Canada has spearheaded since 2018, in addition to participating actively to the development of a new globally legally binding agreement on plastic pollution.

Target theme: Ocean Protection and Conservation

Target: Conserve 25% of marine and coastal areas by 2025, and 30% by 2030, in support of the commitment to work to halt and reverse nature loss by 2030 in Canada, and achieve a full recovery for nature by 2050
(Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Build knowledge of coastal and marine ecosystems and marine protected areas	Initiate environmental sensitivities data collection programs to address critical data and knowledge gaps and support evidence-based decision making with respect to emergency preparedness, response, and recovery. Program: Oceans Protection Plan	Performance indicator: Percentage of priority areas by region that have environmental data available for environmental emergencies Starting point and fiscal year: 8% in 2022-23 Target: 100% by 2026-27	Through strategic environmental sensitivities data collection, analysis, integration, and engagement with Indigenous communities, ECCC will enhance emergency preparedness, planning, response, and recovery, including the incorporation of ecological components into risk assessments related to impacts from spills to the marine environment, by such contributing to the FSDS goal “Conserve and protect Canada’s oceans.” Specifically, ECCC will collect data on marine birds, key marine species, shoreline types and characteristics, and other environmental sensitivities and stressors to increase access to new research and data to inform safer navigation and to support incident response. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UNSDG 14: Conserve & Protect Canada’s Oceans (Target 14.a)
Co-develop, with Indigenous groups and academic partners, marine bird monitoring and training programs across Canada to strengthen Indigenous communities’ capacity for data collection and monitoring of marine resources and facilitate inclusion of Indigenous knowledge and data in decision making. Program: Oceans Protection Plan	Performance indicator: Percentage of engaged Indigenous groups providing data and/or information to support marine safety Starting point and fiscal year: 0% in 2022-23^{Footnote 19} Target: 100% by 2026-27.	Increased coastal Indigenous community contributions of monitoring data will enhance emergency preparedness, planning, response, and recovery, including the incorporation of ecological components into risk assessments related to impacts from spills to the marine environment. Making data and research products available to inform safer navigation, emergency response planning and marine ecosystems impacts contributes to the FSDS goal “Conserve and protect Canada’s oceans.” The program’s success will be indicated by the number of coastal Indigenous groups that have co-developed marine bird monitoring programs contributing robust abundance, distribution and/or ecosystem health data to the marine pollution preparedness, response, and recovery system. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UNSDG 14: Conserve & Protect Canada’s Oceans (Target 14.a)
Protect, manage, and restore marine and coastal areas	Establish new marine National Wildlife Areas and manage existing marine National Wildlife Areas, National Wildlife Areas, and Migratory Bird Sanctuaries with marine components. Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection	Performance indicator: Percentage of total coastal and marine areas that are conserved through networks of protected areas, Other Effective area-based Conservation Measures (OECMs) and Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas (IPCAs) Starting point and fiscal year: 7.75% in 2017 calendar year Target: At least 25% by 2025-26 Note: The percentage of Canada’s marine territory that is conserved is a direct measurement of the FSDS contributing action and progress towards Canada’s target. These are national starting points and targets -- i.e., they also include Fisheries and Oceans Canada and Parks Canada Agency.	Funding through the Marine Conservation Target Initiative is used to invest in nature-based solutions such as the establishment of marine protected areas and other effective conservation measures to conserve biodiversity and mitigate climate change. Well-managed conserved areas help conserve species and their habitats for present and future generations by reducing direct human development stresses. As a party to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, Canada reports on progress toward its area-based conservation targets annually. Frequent reporting provides a transparent way for Canadians to track progress toward our area-based conservation targets and can serve to motivate all Canadian jurisdictions to further advance their efforts related to marine protected area establishment and conserved area recognition and reporting. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UNSDG 14: Conserve & Protect Canada’s Oceans (Target 14.a)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Build knowledge of coastal and marine ecosystems and marine protected areas

Initiate environmental sensitivities data collection programs to address critical data and knowledge gaps and support evidence-based decision making with respect to emergency preparedness, response, and recovery.

Program: Oceans Protection Plan

Performance indicator: Percentage of priority areas by region that have environmental data available for environmental emergencies

Starting point and fiscal year: 8% in 2022-23

Target: 100% by 2026-27

Through strategic environmental sensitivities data collection, analysis, integration, and engagement with Indigenous communities, ECCC will enhance emergency preparedness, planning, response, and recovery, including the incorporation of ecological components into risk assessments related to impacts from spills to the marine environment, by such contributing to the FSDS goal “Conserve and protect Canada’s oceans.” Specifically, ECCC will collect data on marine birds, key marine species, shoreline types and characteristics, and other environmental sensitivities and stressors to increase access to new research and data to inform safer navigation and to support incident response.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UNSDG 14: Conserve & Protect Canada’s Oceans (Target 14.a)

Co-develop, with Indigenous groups and academic partners, marine bird monitoring and training programs across Canada to strengthen Indigenous communities’ capacity for data collection and monitoring of marine resources and facilitate inclusion of Indigenous knowledge and data in decision making.

Program: Oceans Protection Plan

Performance indicator: Percentage of engaged Indigenous groups providing data and/or information to support marine safety

Starting point and fiscal year: 0% in 2022-23^{Footnote 19}

Target: 100% by 2026-27.

Increased coastal Indigenous community contributions of monitoring data will enhance emergency preparedness, planning, response, and recovery, including the incorporation of ecological components into risk assessments related to impacts from spills to the marine environment. Making data and research products available to inform safer navigation, emergency response planning and marine ecosystems impacts contributes to the FSDS goal “Conserve and protect Canada’s oceans.” The program’s success will be indicated by the number of coastal Indigenous groups that have co-developed marine bird monitoring programs contributing robust abundance, distribution and/or ecosystem health data to the marine pollution preparedness, response, and recovery system.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UNSDG 14: Conserve & Protect Canada’s Oceans (Target 14.a)

Protect, manage, and restore marine and coastal areas

Establish new marine National Wildlife Areas and manage existing marine National Wildlife Areas, National Wildlife Areas, and Migratory Bird Sanctuaries with marine components.

Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection

Performance indicator: Percentage of total coastal and marine areas that are conserved through networks of protected areas, Other Effective area-based Conservation Measures (OECMs) and Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas (IPCAs)

Starting point and fiscal year: 7.75% in 2017 calendar year

Target: At least 25% by 2025-26

Note: The percentage of Canada’s marine territory that is conserved is a direct measurement of the FSDS contributing action and progress towards Canada’s target. These are national starting points and targets -- i.e., they also include Fisheries and Oceans Canada and Parks Canada Agency.

Funding through the Marine Conservation Target Initiative is used to invest in nature-based solutions such as the establishment of marine protected areas and other effective conservation measures to conserve biodiversity and mitigate climate change. Well-managed conserved areas help conserve species and their habitats for present and future generations by reducing direct human development stresses. As a party to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, Canada reports on progress toward its area-based conservation targets annually. Frequent reporting provides a transparent way for Canadians to track progress toward our area-based conservation targets and can serve to motivate all Canadian jurisdictions to further advance their efforts related to marine protected area establishment and conserved area recognition and reporting.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UNSDG 14: Conserve & Protect Canada’s Oceans (Target 14.a)

Target theme: Ocean Sustainability

Target: By 2026, at least 55% of Canada’s key fish stocks are in the Cautious and Healthy zone
(Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and Canadian Coast Guard)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Build knowledge to support sustainable fisheries	Improve knowledge of fisheries resources, their productivity and factors affecting them to support sustainable fisheries management. Program: Substances and Waste Management	Performance indicator: Percentage of regulated mines reporting confirmed effects above the critical effect size for fish, fish habitat or fish tissue Starting point and fiscal year: 71% in 2017-18 Target: At most 71% by 2028-29 Note: The Metal and Diamond Mines Effluent Regulations (MDMER) is a regulatory program that sets limits on pollution in effluent from mines entering marine and fresh waterbodies. It contributes to protecting the health of coastal and marine ecosystems and the sustainability of the fisheries. The monitoring results used for the indicator provide increased knowledge about the impact of mine effluent on the fisheries resource.	The Metal and Diamond Mines Effluent Regulations (MDMER) protect fish, fish habitat and use of fish in marine and freshwater ecosystems by putting in place limits on the levels of pollution in effluents released from mines into waterbodies. Program studies indirectly support sustainable fisheries by consider effects on fish from Metal and Diamond Mines. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 14: Life Below Water (Target 14.2, Target 14.4)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Build knowledge to support sustainable fisheries

Improve knowledge of fisheries resources, their productivity and factors affecting them to support sustainable fisheries management.

Program: Substances and Waste Management

Performance indicator: Percentage of regulated mines reporting confirmed effects above the critical effect size for fish, fish habitat or fish tissue

Starting point and fiscal year: 71% in 2017-18

Target: At most 71% by 2028-29

Note: The Metal and Diamond Mines Effluent Regulations (MDMER) is a regulatory program that sets limits on pollution in effluent from mines entering marine and fresh waterbodies. It contributes to protecting the health of coastal and marine ecosystems and the sustainability of the fisheries. The monitoring results used for the indicator provide increased knowledge about the impact of mine effluent on the fisheries resource.

The Metal and Diamond Mines Effluent Regulations (MDMER) protect fish, fish habitat and use of fish in marine and freshwater ecosystems by putting in place limits on the levels of pollution in effluents released from mines into waterbodies. Program studies indirectly support sustainable fisheries by consider effects on fish from Metal and Diamond Mines.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 14: Life Below Water (Target 14.2, Target 14.4)

Implementation strategies supporting the goal

This section is for implementation strategies that support the goal “Conserve and protect Canada’s oceans” but not a specific FSDS target

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Reduce marine litter and support the Canada-wide Strategy on Zero Plastic Waste	Support and conduct science on sources, fates, distribution and impacts of plastic litter and microplastics. Program: Substances and Waste Management	Performance indicator: Amount (tonnes) of plastics entering into Canada’s natural environment, from both terrestrial and aquatic-based sources Starting point and fiscal year: Baseline to be identified in 2023-24 Target: Reduction from baseline by 2029-30 Note: Ratifying the amendments on plastic waste on the Basel Convention is a measure of Canada’s participating in and contribution to international discussions, negotiations, and reviews on plastic waste and marine litter. The ratification of the amendments is the point at which Canada is bound to the new controls. The development of the guidelines is an international process, and its completion date is currently unknown^{Footnote 20}^{Footnote 21}	ECCC contributes to this action by participating in and contribute to international discussions, negotiations and reviews on plastic waste and marine litter; amending the Convention to control plastic waste, updating guidelines related to managing plastic waste, and launching a partnership composed of governments, industry, and NGOs, with the goal to improve and promote the environmentally sound management of plastic waste and reduce plastic waste generation^{Footnote 22} ; And conducting targeted education, outreach, and engagement with key sectors and stakeholders. The involvement and leadership of Canada contributes to the FSDS Target. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 14: Life Below Water (Target 14.2, Target 14.4)
Support the recovery and protection of Canada’s endangered whales	Build capacity for conservation activities. Program: Species at Risk	Performance indicator: Total area (km2) of habitat secured by partners Starting point and fiscal year: 6,382km2 in 2013-14 Target: 114,500km2 by 2023-24 Note: This is a summary indicator of all of the land securement efforts supported by a variety of ECCC programs. The results of this measure demonstrate the effectiveness of the ECCC support to build capacity for land securement efforts, which supports the contributing action and ultimately biodiversity conservation, as per the FSDS Target.	The Natural Heritage Conservation Program (NHCP), established through the Canada Nature Fund, aims to conserve private land in southern Canada, where the most biodiversity-rich areas are found. by: Developing strategic partnerships for collaborative activities such as scientific and academic research, conservation efforts, promotional campaigns and outreach activities. Working with the Nature Conservancy of Canada to deliver Government priorities, including to accelerate the rate of private land conservation and protect important natural habitat in communities across southern Canada; and Funding the Natural Heritage Conservation Program to assist and support securing of ecologically significant areas across Canada, protect habitat for species at risk (both COSEWIC-assessed and SARA-listed) and migratory birds, and enhance connections and corridors between protected areas. Invest in the North American Waterfowl Management Plan ($10M over two years) and partner with the Nature Conservancy of Canada, Ducks Unlimited Canada, Island Nature Trust, and the Manitoba Habitat Heritage Corporation and others to implement the Plan. The NHCP also advances partnership through a collaborative governance structure with project partners of national and local land trusts. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5) UN SDG 6 Clean Water and Sanitation
Support the recovery and protection of Canada’s marine ecosystem and wildlife	Establish new marine National Wildlife Areas. Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection	Performance indicator: Cumulative number of ECCC marine Protected Areas with demonstrated progress toward establishment or expansion Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2021-22 Target: At least 5 by 2025-26	By establishing new marine National Wildlife Areas ECCC contributes to Support the recovery and protection of Canada’s marine ecosystem and wildlife by protecting ecologically important marine habitats and by manage existing marine National Wildlife Areas and National Wildlife Areas and Migratory Bird Sanctuaries with marine components. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.B)
Support projects to improve water quality and help restore ecosystems in the St. Lawrence River. Program: Water Quality and Ecosystems Partnerships	Performance indicator: Ratio of amount (dollars) contributed by partners per dollar contributed by ECCC through the St. Lawrence Action Plan Starting point and fiscal year: $11.3 per $1 in 2022-23 Target: $12 per $1 by 2024-25	These actions are to Reduce nutrient pollution. Reduce releases of harmful chemicals. Increase public engagement through citizen science. Engage indigenous peoples. Enhance research and monitoring capacity essential to the restoration of the watersheds; and Enhance collaboration to protect freshwater quality throughout the watersheds. Fund projects through the Atlantic ecosystems initiatives to improve the health, productivity, and long-term sustainability of the ecosystem in Atlantic Canada. By supporting local ecosystem improvement projects, ECCC will engage Canadians in long-term sustainability of healthy and productive ecosystems. ECCC provides funding to partner-led projects (through the St. Lawrence Action Plan) and other regional initiatives that restore and protect water quality and ecosystem health. Project funding is leveraged by encouraging proponents to secure other sources of financial and in-kind support to maximize the impact of their project(s). Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.B)
Performance indicator: Ratio of amount (dollars) contributed by partners per dollar contributed by ECCC through the St. Lawrence Action Plan’s Community Interaction Program Starting point and fiscal year: $0.94 per $1 in 2022-23 Target: $1 per $1 by 2024-25
Performance indicator: Ratio of amount (dollars) contributed by partners per dollar contributed by ECCC through regional initiatives other than the St. Lawrence Action Plan (Atlantic Ecosystems Initiatives) Starting point and fiscal year: $1.41per $1 in 2022-23 Target: $1 per $1 by 2024-25

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Reduce marine litter and support the Canada-wide Strategy on Zero Plastic Waste

Support and conduct science on sources, fates, distribution and impacts of plastic litter and microplastics.

Program: Substances and Waste Management

Performance indicator: Amount (tonnes) of plastics entering into Canada’s natural environment, from both terrestrial and aquatic-based sources

Starting point and fiscal year: Baseline to be identified in 2023-24

Target: Reduction from baseline by 2029-30

Note: Ratifying the amendments on plastic waste on the Basel Convention is a measure of Canada’s participating in and contribution to international discussions, negotiations, and reviews on plastic waste and marine litter. The ratification of the amendments is the point at which Canada is bound to the new controls. The development of the guidelines is an international process, and its completion date is currently unknown^{Footnote 20}^{Footnote 21}

ECCC contributes to this action by participating in and contribute to international discussions, negotiations and reviews on plastic waste and marine litter; amending the Convention to control plastic waste, updating guidelines related to managing plastic waste, and launching a partnership composed of governments, industry, and NGOs, with the goal to improve and promote the environmentally sound management of plastic waste and reduce plastic waste generation^{Footnote 22} ; And conducting targeted education, outreach, and engagement with key sectors and stakeholders. The involvement and leadership of Canada contributes to the FSDS Target.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 14: Life Below Water (Target 14.2, Target 14.4)

Support the recovery and protection of Canada’s endangered whales

Build capacity for conservation activities.

Program: Species at Risk

Performance indicator: Total area (km2) of habitat secured by partners

Starting point and fiscal year: 6,382km2 in 2013-14

Target: 114,500km2 by 2023-24

Note: This is a summary indicator of all of the land securement efforts supported by a variety of ECCC programs. The results of this measure demonstrate the effectiveness of the ECCC support to build capacity for land securement efforts, which supports the contributing action and ultimately biodiversity conservation, as per the FSDS Target.

The Natural Heritage Conservation Program (NHCP), established through the Canada Nature Fund, aims to conserve private land in southern Canada, where the most biodiversity-rich areas are found. by:

Developing strategic partnerships for collaborative activities such as scientific and academic research, conservation efforts, promotional campaigns and outreach activities.
Working with the Nature Conservancy of Canada to deliver Government priorities, including to accelerate the rate of private land conservation and protect important natural habitat in communities across southern Canada; and
Funding the Natural Heritage Conservation Program to assist and support securing of ecologically significant areas across Canada, protect habitat for species at risk (both COSEWIC-assessed and SARA-listed) and migratory birds, and enhance connections and corridors between protected areas.
Invest in the North American Waterfowl Management Plan ($10M over two years) and partner with the Nature Conservancy of Canada, Ducks Unlimited Canada, Island Nature Trust, and the Manitoba Habitat Heritage Corporation and others to implement the Plan.
The NHCP also advances partnership through a collaborative governance structure with project partners of national and local land trusts.

Relevant targets or ambitions:
GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land
(Target 15.1, Target 15.5)
UN SDG 6 Clean Water and Sanitation

Support the recovery and protection of Canada’s marine ecosystem and wildlife

Establish new marine National Wildlife Areas.

Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection

Performance indicator: Cumulative number of ECCC marine Protected Areas with demonstrated progress toward establishment or expansion

Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2021-22

Target: At least 5 by 2025-26

By establishing new marine National Wildlife Areas ECCC contributes to Support the recovery and protection of Canada’s marine ecosystem and wildlife by protecting ecologically important marine habitats and by manage existing marine National Wildlife Areas and National Wildlife Areas and Migratory Bird Sanctuaries with marine components.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.B)

Support projects to improve water quality and help restore ecosystems in the St. Lawrence River.

Program: Water Quality and Ecosystems Partnerships

Performance indicator: Ratio of amount (dollars) contributed by partners per dollar contributed by ECCC through the St. Lawrence Action Plan

Starting point and fiscal year: $11.3 per $1 in 2022-23

Target: $12 per $1 by 2024-25

These actions are to

Reduce nutrient pollution.
Reduce releases of harmful chemicals.
Increase public engagement through citizen science.
Engage indigenous peoples.
Enhance research and monitoring capacity essential to the restoration of the watersheds; and
Enhance collaboration to protect freshwater quality throughout the watersheds.
Fund projects through the Atlantic ecosystems initiatives to improve the health, productivity, and long-term sustainability of the ecosystem in Atlantic Canada. By supporting local ecosystem improvement projects, ECCC will engage Canadians in long-term sustainability of healthy and productive ecosystems.

ECCC provides funding to partner-led projects (through the St. Lawrence Action Plan) and other regional initiatives that restore and protect water quality and ecosystem health. Project funding is leveraged by encouraging proponents to secure other sources of financial and in-kind support to maximize the impact of their project(s).

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation (Target 6.3, Target 6.B)

Performance indicator: Ratio of amount (dollars) contributed by partners per dollar contributed by ECCC through the St. Lawrence Action Plan’s Community Interaction Program

Starting point and fiscal year: $0.94 per $1 in 2022-23

Target: $1 per $1 by 2024-25

Performance indicator: Ratio of amount (dollars) contributed by partners per dollar contributed by ECCC through regional initiatives other than the St. Lawrence Action Plan (Atlantic Ecosystems Initiatives)

Starting point and fiscal year: $1.41per $1 in 2022-23

Target: $1 per $1 by 2024-25

Initiatives advancing Canada’s implementation of SDG 14 – Life Below Water

The following initiatives demonstrate how Environment and Climate Change Canada programming supports the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs, supplementing the information outlined above.

Planned initiatives	Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets
Management of Substances and Waste Program aims to reduce threats to the health of Canadians and their environment from harmful substances and waste and to reduce threats to Canada’s aquatic system and prevent marine pollution and contributes to ecosystem health in oceans and the Antarctic. The Program also implements regulations to reduce and prevent environmental emergencies and responds to environmental emergencies 24/7, by providing scientific and technical advice and ensuring measures are taken to protect the environment. The Program also implements regulations to reduce and prevent environmental emergencies and responds to environmental emergencies 24/7, by providing scientific and technical advice and ensuring measure are taken to protect the environment. The Oceans Protection Plan (OPP) was launched in November 2017 to protect Canada’s coasts and waterways. Under the OPP, Canada restored more than 650M square meters of aquatic habitat; made it illegal to abandon vessels in the waters; funded 500 projects to remove or dispose of abandoned vessels across the country; surveyed 16,000 kilometers of shoreline to better understand coastal habitat; and helped with the survival and recovery of 223 threatened or endangered species. In 2022, the OPP was renewed for another nine years with a $3.5B investment to build and expand on the existing work to protect Canada’s coasts and waterways. The next phase of OPP will reduce risks and mitigate damage to marine ecosystems and coastal communities from marine shipping, including aquatic invasive species and wrecked, abandoned, and hazardous vessels. Other useful information on substances and waste management: Pollution and waste management Waste management in Canada Plastic waste and pollution reduction Pollution emergencies	These ECCC programs contribute to advancing: Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions: 14.1 Canada protects and conserves marine areas and sustainably manages ocean fish stocks Target: Conserve 25% of Canada's oceans by 2025, working towards 30% by 2030 Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets: 14.1 By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution 14.2 By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans 14.3 Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels 14.4 By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science-based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics 14.5 Conserve 25% of marine and coastal areas by 2025, and 30% by 2030, in support of the commitment to work to halt and reverse nature loss by 2030 in Canada and achieve full recovery for nature by 2050. 14.a Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries 14.c Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of “The future we want”
Internationally, Canada continues to champion the Ocean Plastics Charter, launched during our 2018 G7 Presidency. In support of the Charter, Canada delivered $100M to help address plastic waste in developing countries, spark innovation to beat plastic pollution, and support innovative private-public partnerships, and played an important role as a co-facilitator during the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA-5), where the global community came together to recognize the plastic pollution crisis as an environmental priority, and unanimously agreed to develop a new international legally binding instrument on plastic pollution. Canada is also an inaugural member of the High Ambition Coalition to End Plastic Pollution by 2040 towards the negotiation of the new global agreement. More recently, as part of its commitment to being at the forefront of the collective resolve and action to end plastic pollution, Canada provided $4M to the United Nations Environment Program to help ensure inclusive, equitable and transparent negotiations towards an ambitious global agreement. Canada remains committed to working with all countries and partners towards the development of an ambitious global treaty that addresses the full lifecycle of plastics. Through Canada’s $5.3B international climate finance commitment, Canada is supporting innovative initiatives that are helping to scale up private and philanthropic investment in nature-based solutions for ocean health and coastal resilience in particularly vulnerable countries and ecosystems. As announced by Prime Minister Trudeau at COP26 in 2021, Canada is funding $9M in support for the Ocean Risk and Resilience Action Alliance (ORRAA) for ongoing work helping Small Island Developing States and coastal developing countries increase their resilience to the impacts of climate change through nature-based solutions. The Prime Minister also announced Canada’s commitment of $6M for the Global Fund for Coral Reefs (GFCR) to support international efforts in coral reef conservation and restoration. The Compliance Promotion and Enforcement - Pollution Program works to minimize damage to the environment from pollution by promoting compliance and applying a risk-based approach to enforce environmental laws, regulations and other instruments administered by Environment and Climate Change Canada. Other useful information on enforcement activities related to the protection of water resources: Compliance and enforcement policy for habitat and pollution provisions of Fisheries Act Understanding the Canadian Environmental Protection Act Canadian Environmental Protection Act: compliance and enforcement policy Policy framework to implement the Environmental Violations Administrative Monetary Penalties Act
The Habitat Conservation and Protection Program aims to secure, protect, connect, improve, and restore ecologically sensitive habitat, including wetlands, to contribute to the conservation and protection of migratory birds, species at risk and other wildlife, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. ECCC establishes marine National Wildlife Areas and National Wildlife Areas and Migratory Bird Sanctuaries, including those with marine components, to protect wildlife and wildlife habitat (in particular, migratory birds or species at risk) for the purpose of conservation, research, or interpretation. With funding provided through the Marine Conservation Target Initiative and in alignment with the 2019 Federal Marine Protection Standard, ECCC will work to establish new marine National Wildlife Areas and manage existing National Wildlife Areas with marine components that are established under the Canada Wildlife Act. It will also manage existing Migratory Bird Sanctuaries with marine components that are established under the Migratory Birds Convention Act. Other useful information on habitat conservation and protection: Protected areas Wildlife, plants, and species Biodiversity.

Planned initiatives

Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets

Management of Substances and Waste Program aims to reduce threats to the health of Canadians and their environment from harmful substances and waste and to reduce threats to Canada’s aquatic system and prevent marine pollution and contributes to ecosystem health in oceans and the Antarctic. The Program also implements regulations to reduce and prevent environmental emergencies and responds to environmental emergencies 24/7, by providing scientific and technical advice and ensuring measures are taken to protect the environment. The Program also implements regulations to reduce and prevent environmental emergencies and responds to environmental emergencies 24/7, by providing scientific and technical advice and ensuring measure are taken to protect the environment. The Oceans Protection Plan (OPP) was launched in November 2017 to protect Canada’s coasts and waterways. Under the OPP, Canada restored more than 650M square meters of aquatic habitat; made it illegal to abandon vessels in the waters; funded 500 projects to remove or dispose of abandoned vessels across the country; surveyed 16,000 kilometers of shoreline to better understand coastal habitat; and helped with the survival and recovery of 223 threatened or endangered species. In 2022, the OPP was renewed for another nine years with a $3.5B investment to build and expand on the existing work to protect Canada’s coasts and waterways. The next phase of OPP will reduce risks and mitigate damage to marine ecosystems and coastal communities from marine shipping, including aquatic invasive species and wrecked, abandoned, and hazardous vessels.

Other useful information on substances and waste management:

These ECCC programs contribute to advancing:

Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions:

14.1 Canada protects and conserves marine areas and sustainably manages ocean fish stocks

Target: Conserve 25% of Canada's oceans by 2025, working towards 30% by 2030

Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets:

14.1 By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution
14.2 By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans
14.3 Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels
14.4 By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices and implement science-based management plans, in order to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics
14.5 Conserve 25% of marine and coastal areas by 2025, and 30% by 2030, in support of the commitment to work to halt and reverse nature loss by 2030 in Canada and achieve full recovery for nature by 2050.
14.a Increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacity and transfer marine technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries
14.c Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources by implementing international law as reflected in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans and their resources, as recalled in paragraph 158 of “The future we want”

Internationally, Canada continues to champion the Ocean Plastics Charter, launched during our 2018 G7 Presidency. In support of the Charter, Canada delivered $100M to help address plastic waste in developing countries, spark innovation to beat plastic pollution, and support innovative private-public partnerships, and played an important role as a co-facilitator during the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA-5), where the global community came together to recognize the plastic pollution crisis as an environmental priority, and unanimously agreed to develop a new international legally binding instrument on plastic pollution. Canada is also an inaugural member of the High Ambition Coalition to End Plastic Pollution by 2040 towards the negotiation of the new global agreement. More recently, as part of its commitment to being at the forefront of the collective resolve and action to end plastic pollution, Canada provided $4M to the United Nations Environment Program to help ensure inclusive, equitable and transparent negotiations towards an ambitious global agreement. Canada remains committed to working with all countries and partners towards the development of an ambitious global treaty that addresses the full lifecycle of plastics.

Through Canada’s $5.3B international climate finance commitment, Canada is supporting innovative initiatives that are helping to scale up private and philanthropic investment in nature-based solutions for ocean health and coastal resilience in particularly vulnerable countries and ecosystems. As announced by Prime Minister Trudeau at COP26 in 2021, Canada is funding $9M in support for the Ocean Risk and Resilience Action Alliance (ORRAA) for ongoing work helping Small Island Developing States and coastal developing countries increase their resilience to the impacts of climate change through nature-based solutions. The Prime Minister also announced Canada’s commitment of $6M for the Global Fund for Coral Reefs (GFCR) to support international efforts in coral reef conservation and restoration.

The Compliance Promotion and Enforcement - Pollution Program works to minimize damage to the environment from pollution by promoting compliance and applying a risk-based approach to enforce environmental laws, regulations and other instruments administered by Environment and Climate Change Canada.

Other useful information on enforcement activities related to the protection of water resources:

The Habitat Conservation and Protection Program aims to secure, protect, connect, improve, and restore ecologically sensitive habitat, including wetlands, to contribute to the conservation and protection of migratory birds, species at risk and other wildlife, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. ECCC establishes marine National Wildlife Areas and National Wildlife Areas and Migratory Bird Sanctuaries, including those with marine components, to protect wildlife and wildlife habitat (in particular, migratory birds or species at risk) for the purpose of conservation, research, or interpretation. With funding provided through the Marine Conservation Target Initiative and in alignment with the 2019 Federal Marine Protection Standard, ECCC will work to establish new marine National Wildlife Areas and manage existing National Wildlife Areas with marine components that are established under the Canada Wildlife Act. It will also manage existing Migratory Bird Sanctuaries with marine components that are established under the Migratory Birds Convention Act.

Other useful information on habitat conservation and protection:

Goal 15: Protect and recover species, conserve Canadian biodiversity

FSDS context:

ECCC plays a federal leadership role in maintaining and restoring healthy wildlife populations, with an emphasis on migratory birds and species at risk. The Department implements the Species at Risk Act (SARA), one of its main legislative tools for protecting wildlife species at risk and their habitats. ECCC works in partnership with provinces and territories, Indigenous governments, organizations, and communities, and supports non-governmental organizations and other stakeholders in Canada and internationally to further their capacity and reach to protect and conserve habitats and species. The Department also works domestically and internationally under the Migratory Birds Convention Act to protect 380 of the more than 470 bird species that regularly occur in Canada, and encourages the protection and restoration of wetlands important to birds and other wildlife by implementing the Ramsar Convention and the North American Waterfowl Management Plan.

Under the Impact Assessment Act, ECCC provides expert advice to the authority responsible for the assessment process in order to minimize negative impacts of development projects on wildlife. Moving forward, a major focus with partners and stakeholders will continue to be the implementation of SARA. This implementation is occurring in part via the Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation in Canada, as well as the co-development of Nature Agreements, which are supported by the Enhanced Nature Legacy Initiative. This initiative emphasizes shared priorities for species, places, and sectors in wildlife protection and conservation efforts. ECCC also plays a leadership role in updating Canada’s National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, reflecting the goals and targets of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, which seeks to halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030 and put nature on a path to recovery by 2050.

Target theme: Conservation of Land and Fresh Water

Target: Conserve 25% of Canada’s land and inland waters by 2025, working toward 30% by 2030, from 12.5% recognized as conserved as of the end of 2020, in support of the commitment to work to halt and reverse nature loss by 2030 in Canada, and achieve a full recovery for nature by 2050 (Minister of Environment and Climate Change)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Conserve natural spaces	Establish new and expand existing National Wildlife Areas and other conservation areas increase our capacity to manage, National Wildlife Areas, Migratory Bird Sanctuaries, and other conservation areas and support the protection of private lands that are important for conservation. Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection	Performance indicator: Total area (km2) of habitat secured directly by ECCC and through partnerships Starting point and fiscal year: 130,871km2 in 2013 calendar year Target: At least 300,000km2 by 2025-26 Note: This indicator is a direct measure of the growth of protected areas including National Wildlife Areas, Migratory Bird Sanctuaries and Indigenous-led or co-led protected areas, some of which are Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas (IPCAs) as determined by Indigenous partners. It also includes other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs), some of which are Indigenous-led or co-led. This directly supports progress towards the FSDS goal that lands and forests support biodiversity and provide a variety of ecosystem services for generations to come by protecting and conserving important habitat. This network of protected areas also contributes directly to Canada’s total protected and conserved area and is accounted for in assessing progress towards the 25% by 2025 and 30% by 2030 target.	By implementing the Nature Legacy and Enhanced Nature Legacy Initiatives, establishing protected areas, and supporting wetland restoration, ECCC directly contributes to achieving Canada’s land and inland water conservation target of 25% by 2025 and 30% by 2030 with the use of both conventional (direct land securement) and innovative (incentivizing private and public stewardship and conservation through the recognition of lands and other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs)). By conserving natural spaces of ecological and cultural importance, Canada’s lands and forests are being sustainably managed for future generations. Securing ecologically sensitive land contributes directly to Canada’s network of protected and conserved areas and supports the goal of sustaining Canada’s biodiversity and ecosystem services for the long-term in Canada’s lands and forests. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)
Promote and effectively deliver the Ecological Gifts Program to support land trusts and other eligible recipients increase the amount of private lands. Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection	Performance indicator: Total area (km2) of ecologically sensitive land secured through the Ecological Gifts Program Starting point and fiscal year: 1,648km2 in 2013-14 Target: At least 2,516km2 by 2026-27 Note: This indicator is a direct measure of the amount of ecologically sensitive land secured through the Ecological Gift Program contributes directly to Canada’s network of protected and conserved areas and supports the goal of sustaining Canada’s biodiversity and ecosystem services for the long-term in Canada’s lands and forests.	By supporting donations of ecologically sensitive lands ECCC supports civil society in contributing to achieving Canada’s land and inland water conservation target. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)
Support Indigenous leadership in conservation	Work with Indigenous Peoples to protect and conserve lands and waters Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection	Performance indicator: Cumulative number of Indigenous governments, organizations and communities engaged in ECCC supported habitat conservation and protection initiatives Starting point and fiscal year: 5 in 2019-20 Target: At least 95 by 2024-25 Note: Increased and meaningful engagement with Indigenous Peoples contributes to building the capacity and support of Indigenous communities to further conserve and grow Canada’s terrestrial and freshwater network of protected and conserved areas.	ECCC consults and collaborates with Indigenous Peoples and invests through the Canada Nature Fund and the Enhanced Nature Legacy Fund in initiatives that protect and restore biodiversity, and strengthen and renew nation-to-nation, government-to-government, and Inuit-Crown relationships, by: Supporting the establishment of Indigenous led or co-led protected areas, some of which are Protected and Conserved Areas (IPCAs) as determined by Indigenous partners. Developing management plans for ECCC National Wildlife Areas and Migratory Bird Sanctuaries in Nunavut as part of the Inuit Impact and Benefit Agreement (IIBA). Consulting with Indigenous Peoples and the Government of the Northwest Territories with respect to the long-term conservation of additional sites. Progressing on officially replacing existing names of northern protected areas with Indigenous names. Implementing the terms of the renewed IIBA for ECCC’s conservation areas in the Nunavut Settlement Area with Inuit parties to the agreement. Providing ongoing support for Indigenous Guardians initiatives; supporting Indigenous-led natural climate solutions initiatives and Providing funding in support of establishing (through a co-development process) three distinctions-based Nature Tables, with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis. Collaborating with Indigenous Peoples to create management plans for existing sites, and conservation plans for the future, ECCC will contribute to achieving land and inland water conservation targets and enabling long-term, sustainable management approaches and reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through conservation and restauration of lands. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.2)
Performance indicator: Percentage of Indigenous Peoples engaged with ECCC who indicate that the engagement was meaningful Starting point and fiscal year: 61% in 2018-19 Target: At least 61% annually Note: This indicator is an appropriate measure as it reflects the perspective of Indigenous Peoples in how meaningfully ECCC works with Indigenous partners to protect and conserve lands and waters. ECCC recognizes that improved decision-making and conservation outcomes result from inclusive processes and meaningful engagement with the Department’s partners, including Indigenous Peoples.
Other	Work with governmental and non-governmental organisations to implement Canada’s Bonn Challenge on ecosystem restoration throughout Canada’s terrestrial landscapes. Program: Species at Risk & Habitat Conservation and Protection	Performance indicator: Total area (million hectares) under restoration through the delivery of federal programs (from ECCC, NRCan and Parks Canada) Starting point and fiscal year: 3.1Mha in 2021-22 Target: At least 19Mha by 2031-32	Canada’s Bonn Challenge pledge fosters momentum and synergies for ecosystem restoration in Canada and contributes to advancing actions toward FSDS Goal 15 (Protect and Recover Species, Conserve Canadian Biodiversity). Restoration is a nature-based solution that also contributes to increasing the capacity of ecosystems to store and sequester carbon, and sheltering Canadians from the effects of climate change (FSDS Target 13.1). Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.1) UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Conserve natural spaces

Establish new and expand existing National Wildlife Areas and other conservation areas increase our capacity to manage, National Wildlife Areas, Migratory Bird Sanctuaries, and other conservation areas and support the protection of private lands that are important for conservation.

Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection

Performance indicator: Total area (km2) of habitat secured directly by ECCC and through partnerships

Starting point and fiscal year: 130,871km2 in 2013 calendar year

Target: At least 300,000km2 by 2025-26

Note: This indicator is a direct measure of the growth of protected areas including National Wildlife Areas, Migratory Bird Sanctuaries and Indigenous-led or co-led protected areas, some of which are Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas (IPCAs) as determined by Indigenous partners. It also includes other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs), some of which are Indigenous-led or co-led. This directly supports progress towards the FSDS goal that lands and forests support biodiversity and provide a variety of ecosystem services for generations to come by protecting and conserving important habitat. This network of protected areas also contributes directly to Canada’s total protected and conserved area and is accounted for in assessing progress towards the 25% by 2025 and 30% by 2030 target.

By implementing the Nature Legacy and Enhanced Nature Legacy Initiatives, establishing protected areas, and supporting wetland restoration, ECCC directly contributes to achieving Canada’s land and inland water conservation target of 25% by 2025 and 30% by 2030 with the use of both conventional (direct land securement) and innovative (incentivizing private and public stewardship and conservation through the recognition of lands and other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs)). By conserving natural spaces of ecological and cultural importance, Canada’s lands and forests are being sustainably managed for future generations.

Securing ecologically sensitive land contributes directly to Canada’s network of protected and conserved areas and supports the goal of sustaining Canada’s biodiversity and ecosystem services for the long-term in Canada’s lands and forests.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land
(Target 15.1, Target 15.5)

Promote and effectively deliver the Ecological Gifts Program to support land trusts and other eligible recipients increase the amount of private lands.

Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection

Performance indicator: Total area (km2) of ecologically sensitive land secured through the Ecological Gifts Program

Starting point and fiscal year: 1,648km2 in 2013-14

Target: At least 2,516km2 by 2026-27

Note: This indicator is a direct measure of the amount of ecologically sensitive land secured through the Ecological Gift Program contributes directly to Canada’s network of protected and conserved areas and supports the goal of sustaining Canada’s biodiversity and ecosystem services for the long-term in Canada’s lands and forests.

By supporting donations of ecologically sensitive lands ECCC supports civil society in contributing to achieving Canada’s land and inland water conservation target.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land
(Target 15.1, Target 15.5)

Support Indigenous leadership in conservation

Work with Indigenous Peoples to protect and conserve lands and waters

Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection

Performance indicator: Cumulative number of Indigenous governments, organizations and communities engaged in ECCC supported habitat conservation and protection initiatives

Starting point and fiscal year: 5 in 2019-20

Target: At least 95 by 2024-25

Note: Increased and meaningful engagement with Indigenous Peoples contributes to building the capacity and support of Indigenous communities to further conserve and grow Canada’s terrestrial and freshwater network of protected and conserved areas.

ECCC consults and collaborates with Indigenous Peoples and invests through the Canada Nature Fund and the Enhanced Nature Legacy Fund in initiatives that protect and restore biodiversity, and strengthen and renew nation-to-nation, government-to-government, and Inuit-Crown relationships, by:

Supporting the establishment of Indigenous led or co-led protected areas, some of which are Protected and Conserved Areas (IPCAs) as determined by Indigenous partners.
Developing management plans for ECCC National Wildlife Areas and Migratory Bird Sanctuaries in Nunavut as part of the Inuit Impact and Benefit Agreement (IIBA).
Consulting with Indigenous Peoples and the Government of the Northwest Territories with respect to the long-term conservation of additional sites.
Progressing on officially replacing existing names of northern protected areas with Indigenous names.
Implementing the terms of the renewed IIBA for ECCC’s conservation areas in the Nunavut Settlement Area with Inuit parties to the agreement.
Providing ongoing support for Indigenous Guardians initiatives; supporting Indigenous-led natural climate solutions initiatives and
Providing funding in support of establishing (through a co-development process) three distinctions-based Nature Tables, with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis.

Collaborating with Indigenous Peoples to create management plans for existing sites, and conservation plans for the future, ECCC will contribute to achieving land and inland water conservation targets and enabling long-term, sustainable management approaches and reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through conservation and restauration of lands.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land
(Target 15.1, Target 15.2)

Performance indicator: Percentage of Indigenous Peoples engaged with ECCC who indicate that the engagement was meaningful

Starting point and fiscal year: 61% in 2018-19

Target: At least 61% annually

Note: This indicator is an appropriate measure as it reflects the perspective of Indigenous Peoples in how meaningfully ECCC works with Indigenous partners to protect and conserve lands and waters. ECCC recognizes that improved decision-making and conservation outcomes result from inclusive processes and meaningful engagement with the Department’s partners, including Indigenous Peoples.

Other

Work with governmental and non-governmental organisations to implement Canada’s Bonn Challenge on ecosystem restoration throughout Canada’s terrestrial landscapes.

Program: Species at Risk & Habitat Conservation and Protection

Performance indicator: Total area (million hectares) under restoration through the delivery of federal programs (from ECCC, NRCan and Parks Canada)

Starting point and fiscal year: 3.1Mha in 2021-22

Target: At least 19Mha by 2031-32

Canada’s Bonn Challenge pledge fosters momentum and synergies for ecosystem restoration in Canada and contributes to advancing actions toward FSDS Goal 15 (Protect and Recover Species, Conserve Canadian Biodiversity). Restoration is a nature-based solution that also contributes to increasing the capacity of ecosystems to store and sequester carbon, and sheltering Canadians from the effects of climate change (FSDS Target 13.1).

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action
(Target 13.1)

UN SDG 15: Life on Land
(Target 15.1)

Target: Between 2023 and 2026, Canada’s sustainable wood supply level (guided by sustainable forest management policies to reflect the current unique social, environmental and economic characteristics of managed forests), exceeds the annual timber harvests (Minister of Natural Resources)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Better understand lands and forests	Establish and manage National Wildlife Areas, manage existing Migratory Bird Sanctuaries, and track national progress toward national targets. Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection	Performance indicator: Total area of habitat protected as ECCC National Wildlife Areas (NWAs), Migratory Bird Sanctuaries (MBSs), and Conservation Areas Starting point and fiscal year: 124, 490km2 in 2014-15 Target: At least 168,035km2 by 2025-26 Note: The percentage of Canada’s territory that is conserved is a direct measurement of the FSDS contributing action and progress towards Canada’s target. These are national starting points and targets – i.e., they also include federal, provincial, territorial, and Indigenous protected and conserved areas as well as other conservation measures.	Work in partnership, through a variety of collaborative forums, with Provinces. Territories, municipalities, Indigenous people, and the private and non-profit sectors to encourage the recognition and establishment of more protected and conserved areas. Provide financial incentives under the Canada Nature Fund for the establishment and recognition of more protected and conserved areas, including Indigenous protected and conserved areas. Well-managed conserved areas help preserve species and their habitats for present and future generations by reducing direct human development stresses. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.2)
Increase understanding of the effects of land cover and use on wildlife and ecosystems by incorporating Indigenous knowledge into management decisions. Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection	Performance indicator: Cumulative number of direct Indigenous Guardians jobs created Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2021-22 Target: At least 2,000 by 2025-26	Scientific research and Indigenous knowledge are required to manage lands and forests to support biodiversity targets and provide ecosystem services for generations to come. Indigenous Guardians are the “eyes and ears on the ground” in Indigenous territories, and a unique example of reconciliation in action. They monitor ecological health, maintain cultural sites, and protect sensitive areas and species. Guardians’ initiatives support Indigenous peoples in protecting land, water, and ice in their traditional territories through on-the-ground, community-based, stewardship initiatives. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.2)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Better understand lands and forests

Establish and manage National Wildlife Areas, manage existing Migratory Bird Sanctuaries, and track national progress toward national targets.

Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection

Performance indicator: Total area of habitat protected as ECCC National Wildlife Areas (NWAs), Migratory Bird Sanctuaries (MBSs), and Conservation Areas

Starting point and fiscal year: 124, 490km2 in 2014-15

Target: At least 168,035km2 by 2025-26

Note: The percentage of Canada’s territory that is conserved is a direct measurement of the FSDS contributing action and progress towards Canada’s target. These are national starting points and targets – i.e., they also include federal, provincial, territorial, and Indigenous protected and conserved areas as well as other conservation measures.

Work in partnership, through a variety of collaborative forums, with Provinces. Territories, municipalities, Indigenous people, and the private and non-profit sectors to encourage the recognition and establishment of more protected and conserved areas. Provide financial incentives under the Canada Nature Fund for the establishment and recognition of more protected and conserved areas, including Indigenous protected and conserved areas. Well-managed conserved areas help preserve species and their habitats for present and future generations by reducing direct human development stresses.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.2)

Increase understanding of the effects of land cover and use on wildlife and ecosystems by incorporating Indigenous knowledge into management decisions.

Program: Habitat Conservation and Protection

Performance indicator: Cumulative number of direct Indigenous Guardians jobs created

Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2021-22

Target: At least 2,000 by 2025-26

Scientific research and Indigenous knowledge are required to manage lands and forests to support biodiversity targets and provide ecosystem services for generations to come. Indigenous Guardians are the “eyes and ears on the ground” in Indigenous territories, and a unique example of reconciliation in action. They monitor ecological health, maintain cultural sites, and protect sensitive areas and species. Guardians’ initiatives support Indigenous peoples in protecting land, water, and ice in their traditional territories through on-the-ground, community-based, stewardship initiatives.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land
(Target 15.1, Target 15.2)

Target theme: Species Protection and Recovery

Target: By 2026, increase the percentage of species at risk listed under federal law that exhibit population trends that are consistent with recovery strategies and management plans to 60%, from a baseline of 42% in 2019 (Minister of Environment and Climate Change; Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Deliver enhanced conservation action	Enhance conservation outcomes for migratory bird populations by providing leadership on the conservation of Canada’s migratory birds, including those at risk, through targeted and multispecies ecosystem-based approaches that engage domestic and international collaborators across all sectors of society. Program: Migratory Birds and Other Wildlife	Performance indicator: Percentage of migratory bird species that are within target population ranges Starting point and fiscal year: 57% in 2014-15 Target: At least 70% by 2030-31 Note: This measure will inform the programs whether conservation activities have been successful in maintaining and/or increasing migratory bird populations.	By focusing efforts on building, maintaining, and applying a robust knowledge foundation to support collaborative conservation action, ECCC will support Canada in meeting its commitment to maintaining and restoring healthy migratory bird populations. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)
Work with partners to implement the Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation in Canada and the Framework for Aquatic Species at Risk Conservation	Implement the Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation in Canada with the collaboration of provinces and territories, Indigenous Peoples, and stakeholders, enabled by investments under the Canada Nature Fund. Program: Species at Risk	Performance indicator: Percentage of species at risk (SAR) for which protection or recovery actions are being implemented through action for priority places, species, and threats Starting point and fiscal year: 86% in 2020-21 Target: 100% by 2025-26 Note: This indicator is a good measure of the FSDS Target because ECCC’s work with partners to implement the Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation in Canada is focused on implementing conservation actions to benefit species at risk and other biodiversity.	The Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation in Canada reflects a shift to more multi-species and ecosystem-based conservation, more targeted collaborative FPT, and support for Indigenous leadership efforts focused on conservation planning and action on shared priority places, species, and sectors. Provinces and territories, Indigenous peoples, stakeholders, and other partners continue to lead efforts to recover species at risk and other biodiversity with support and partnership from ECCC through: partner and stakeholder engagement, cooperative conservation implementation planning, and the implementation of on-the-ground actions for species at risk for 11 priority places. Funding for 18 community-nominated priority places^{Footnote 23} where multiple partners are acting together to protect and recover species at risk. Participation in collaborative conservation action planning initiatives for the six priority species identified by federal, provincial, and territorial governments. Co-creation of conservation action plans with the agriculture, forest, and urban development sectors and support of Indigenous leadership in conservation through the Indigenous Partnerships Initiative. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.2, Target 15.4, Target 15.5, Target 15.9)
Work with partners to implement the pan-Canadian approach to wildlife health	Develop management and policy recommendations to implement a Pan-Canadian Approach to Wildlife Health. Program: Migratory Birds and Other Wildlife	Performance Indicator^{Footnote 24} : Percentage of species at risk (SAR) for which protection or recovery actions are being implemented through action for priority places, species, and threats Starting point and fiscal year: 86% in 2020-21 Target: 100% by 2025-26 Note: This indicator is a good measure of the FSDS Target because ECCC’s work with partners to implement a Pan-Canadian Approach to Wildlife Health is representative of the Government of Canada’s progress with implementing the Approach.	Funding permitting, implementation of A Pan-Canadian Approach to Wildlife Health will help focus efforts and resources on shared priorities across jurisdictions and sectors and address emerging and changing threats from pathogens, contaminants, climate change globalization, landscape changes and other stressors. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)
Work with partners to enhance foundational knowledge of species, habitats, and ecosystems	Advance protection and recovery action for species at risk and migratory birds by ensuring SAR information is available to partners and the public through publication of recovery documents and compliance materials on the public SAR Registry; and conducting research, monitoring and assessment, including co-application of western science and Indigenous knowledge. Program: Species at Risk	Performance indicator: Percentage of legally listed species at risk (SAR) with a recovery strategy, or management plan available on the Species at Risk Public Registry where a recovery document is due Starting point and fiscal year: 93% in 2018-19 Target: At least 85% in 2023-24^{Footnote 25}	ECCC will contribute to achieving Canada’s population goals for species at risk and their habitats by collaborating with Canadian and international partners. Collaborative initiatives between partners increase the impact of conservation actions, influence the public, and interested local stakeholders to engage and participate in species and habitat protection. Collaboration with partners, in Canada and globally, allows for sharing of expertise and advice which may promote more effective species protection, through: Collaborating with stakeholders and Indigenous partners via Species at Risk Act-mandated and -enabled advisory bodies (including, the National Aboriginal Council on Species at Risk, the Nature Advisory Committee, and the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC)). Informing recovery planning and action for listed species at risk including priority species such as polar bear, caribou and listed migratory birds and conducting collaborative research and monitoring with stakeholders and partners; and, Ensuring SAR information is available to partners and the public through publication of Species at Risk Act documents on the public SAR Registry. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)
Work in partnership with Indigenous Peoples to protect, conserve and recover species at risk and migratory birds. Program: Species at Risk, Migratory Birds and Other Wildlife	Performance indicator: Percentage of Indigenous Peoples engaged with ECCC who indicate that the engagement was meaningful Starting point and fiscal year: 61% in 2018-19 Target: At least 61% annually Note: This indicator is an appropriate measure for the FSDS Target because ECCC’s work in partnership with Indigenous Peoples to protect, conserve, and recover species at risk reflects the perspective of Indigenous Peoples. ECCC recognizes that improved decision-making and conservation outcomes result from inclusive processes and meaningful engagement with the Department’s partners, including Indigenous Peoples.	ECCC will contribute to achieving Canada’s population goals for species at risk and their habitats through Indigenous engagement which is an important principle guiding collaborative work to support healthy wildlife populations under the Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation. Modern treaties and reconciliation agreements with Indigenous Peoples represent an opportunity for Canada and rights-holders to collaborate more formally in protecting species and their habitat. Canada works closely with Indigenous Peoples to help shape and test tools to implement the Species at Risk Act (SARA), and to identify new priorities for future action, by: collaborating with stakeholders and Indigenous partners via Species at Risk Act-mandated and -enabled advisory bodies (including, the National Aboriginal Council on Species at Risk). Working to renew nation-to-nation relationships with Indigenous Peoples through the Enhanced Nature Legacy to support implementation of the Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation in Canada and the Species at Risk Act. Establishing mechanisms, including the National Boreal Caribou Knowledge Consortium and others, to support co-application of Indigenous knowledge and western science. Partnering with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis under the Canada Nature Fund, recognizing and enabling Indigenous leadership, knowledge, and interests in land and resource management. Engaging Indigenous Peoples for priority places and species, including in species assessment, recovery planning, recovery implementation (protection measures, stewardship, and other actions); and Negotiating modern treaties and reconciliation agreements, including implementing obligations, engaging Indigenous Peoples, and applying Indigenous knowledge^{Footnote 26} . Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)
Build capacity to protect, conserve, and restore species and their habitat. Program: Species at Risk	Performance indicator: Amount of leveraged contributions (cash + in-kind) Starting point and fiscal year: $25M in 2013-14 Target: Not applicable^{Footnote 27} Note: The indicator measures the level of capacity that exists within the Canadian public, which is in line with the contributing action. The indicator measures the amount of non-federal funding leveraged by federal investment.	ECCC will contribute to Canadians’ capacity to protect and conserve species, by providing expertise and funding to Indigenous Peoples and local stakeholders and communities, through: Support for projects under the Habitat Stewardship Program for Species at Risk and the Community-Nominated Priority Places for Species at Risk that engage Canadians in conservation actions to benefit wildlife. Support projects under the Aboriginal Fund for Species at Risk and the Indigenous Partnerships Initiative that engage Indigenous recipients in conservation. Funding enables partnerships for the protection and recovery of species at risk with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis in a manner that recognizes and enables Indigenous leadership and engagement in land and resource management. Support projects under the Critical Habitat Interdepartmental Program that engage other federal partners in species at risk recovery and habitat conservation mainly on federal lands; Development of research capacity in Indigenous and Northern communities to support community-based monitoring and education; Investment of $2.25M over 3 years in programs for Engaging Canadian Kids in Wildlife Conservation. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5, Target 15.8)
Implement, innovate and modernize the regulatory and policy framework and tools to protect species at risk, other fish, and fish habitat	Implement legislation, regulations and tools that support a priority-based approach to protecting species at risk and migratory bird. Program: Species at Risk	Performance indicator: Percentage of species at risk (SAR) for which changes in populations are consistent with recovery and management objectives Starting point and fiscal year: 43% in 2016-17 Target: At least 60% by 2025-26	ECCC will contribute to achieving Canada’s population goals for species at risk and their habitats by helping maximize conservation outcomes and supporting healthy and viable populations for all species using a range of tools, such as: Protection of critical habitat of species on federally administered lands as identified in recovery strategies and action plans under the Species at Risk Act (SARA). Development of policies, standard operating procedures and/or guidance in accordance with SARA and policy guidance. Maintenance of partnerships with Indigenous Peoples to protect, conserve and recover species at risk and migratory birds; Work with farmers to support the recovery of species at risk on agricultural lands with the desired outcome to increase the conservation of critical habitat for multiple species at risk on non-federal lands through the Species at Risk Partnerships in Agricultural Lands program. Development of tools to assess commitments and implementation of actions contributing to the protection of species at risk and their habitats. Provision of expert advice related to species at risk as it relates to wetlands under the Federal Policy on Wetland Conservation during assessments of human activities under the Impact Assessment Act. Implementation of the Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation in Canada and a prioritized approach for action on species at risk, and seek ways to further advance innovative approach ECCC, through enhanced collation of intelligence collection, analysis of law enforcement datasets and vetting open-source information, will enrich operational activities and improve detection of non-compliance. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)
Performance indicator: Percentage of legally listed species at risk with a recovery strategy, or management plan available on the Species at Risk public registry where a recovery document is due Starting point and fiscal year: 93% in 2018-19 Target: At least 85% by 2023-24
Implementation of an improved risk-based approach to compliance and enforcement of federal wildlife laws that protect species at risk, protected areas, migratory birds and wild plants and animals in international and interprovincial trade. Program: Compliance Promotion and Enforcement - Pollution	Performance indicator: Percentage of Environment and Climate Change Canada laws, regulations, and enforceable instruments that have completed risk classifications Starting point and fiscal year: 20% in 2019-20 Target: 100% by 2025-26

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Deliver enhanced conservation action

Enhance conservation outcomes for migratory bird populations by providing leadership on the conservation of Canada’s migratory birds, including those at risk, through targeted and multispecies ecosystem-based approaches that engage domestic and international collaborators across all sectors of society.

Program: Migratory Birds and Other Wildlife

Performance indicator: Percentage of migratory bird species that are within target population ranges

Starting point and fiscal year: 57% in 2014-15

Target: At least 70% by 2030-31

Note: This measure will inform the programs whether conservation activities have been successful in maintaining and/or increasing migratory bird populations.

By focusing efforts on building, maintaining, and applying a robust knowledge foundation to support collaborative conservation action, ECCC will support Canada in meeting its commitment to maintaining and restoring healthy migratory bird populations.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land
(Target 15.1, Target 15.5)

Work with partners to implement the Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation in Canada and the Framework for Aquatic Species at Risk Conservation

Implement the Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation in Canada with the collaboration of provinces and territories, Indigenous Peoples, and stakeholders, enabled by investments under the Canada Nature Fund.

Program: Species at Risk

Performance indicator: Percentage of species at risk (SAR) for which protection or recovery actions are being implemented through action for priority places, species, and threats

Starting point and fiscal year: 86% in 2020-21

Target: 100% by 2025-26

Note: This indicator is a good measure of the FSDS Target because ECCC’s work with partners to implement the Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation in Canada is focused on implementing conservation actions to benefit species at risk and other biodiversity.

The Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation in Canada reflects a shift to more multi-species and ecosystem-based conservation, more targeted collaborative FPT, and support for Indigenous leadership efforts focused on conservation planning and action on shared priority places, species, and sectors. Provinces and territories, Indigenous peoples, stakeholders, and other partners continue to lead efforts to recover species at risk and other biodiversity with support and partnership from ECCC through:

partner and stakeholder engagement, cooperative conservation implementation planning, and the implementation of on-the-ground actions for species at risk for 11 priority places.
Funding for 18 community-nominated priority places^{Footnote 23} where multiple partners are acting together to protect and recover species at risk.
Participation in collaborative conservation action planning initiatives for the six priority species identified by federal, provincial, and territorial governments.
Co-creation of conservation action plans with the agriculture, forest, and urban development sectors and support of Indigenous leadership in conservation through the Indigenous Partnerships Initiative.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.2, Target 15.4, Target 15.5, Target 15.9)

Work with partners to implement the pan-Canadian approach to wildlife health

Develop management and policy recommendations to implement a Pan-Canadian Approach to Wildlife Health.

Program: Migratory Birds and Other Wildlife

Performance Indicator^{Footnote 24} :

Percentage of species at risk (SAR) for which protection or recovery actions are being implemented through action for priority places, species, and threats

Starting point and fiscal year: 86% in 2020-21

Target: 100% by 2025-26

Note: This indicator is a good measure of the FSDS Target because ECCC’s work with partners to implement a Pan-Canadian Approach to Wildlife Health is representative of the Government of Canada’s progress with implementing the Approach.

Funding permitting, implementation of A Pan-Canadian Approach to Wildlife Health will help focus efforts and resources on shared priorities across jurisdictions and sectors and address emerging and changing threats from pathogens, contaminants, climate change globalization, landscape changes and other stressors.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)

Work with partners to enhance foundational knowledge of species, habitats, and ecosystems

Advance protection and recovery action for species at risk and migratory birds by ensuring SAR information is available to partners and the public through publication of recovery documents and compliance materials on the public SAR Registry; and conducting research, monitoring and assessment, including co-application of western science and Indigenous knowledge.

Program: Species at Risk

Performance indicator: Percentage of legally listed species at risk (SAR) with a recovery strategy, or management plan available on the Species at Risk Public Registry where a recovery document is due

Starting point and fiscal year: 93% in 2018-19

Target: At least 85% in 2023-24^{Footnote 25}

ECCC will contribute to achieving Canada’s population goals for species at risk and their habitats by collaborating with Canadian and international partners. Collaborative initiatives between partners increase the impact of conservation actions, influence the public, and interested local stakeholders to engage and participate in species and habitat protection. Collaboration with partners, in Canada and globally, allows for sharing of expertise and advice which may promote more effective species protection, through:

Collaborating with stakeholders and Indigenous partners via Species at Risk Act-mandated and -enabled advisory bodies (including, the National Aboriginal Council on Species at Risk, the Nature Advisory Committee, and the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC)).
Informing recovery planning and action for listed species at risk including priority species such as polar bear, caribou and listed migratory birds and conducting collaborative research and monitoring with stakeholders and partners; and,
Ensuring SAR information is available to partners and the public through publication of Species at Risk Act documents on the public SAR Registry.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)

Work in partnership with Indigenous Peoples to protect, conserve and recover species at risk and migratory birds.

Program: Species at Risk, Migratory Birds and Other Wildlife

Performance indicator: Percentage of Indigenous Peoples engaged with ECCC who indicate that the engagement was meaningful

Starting point and fiscal year: 61% in 2018-19

Target: At least 61% annually

Note: This indicator is an appropriate measure for the FSDS Target because ECCC’s work in partnership with Indigenous Peoples to protect, conserve, and recover species at risk reflects the perspective of Indigenous Peoples. ECCC recognizes that improved decision-making and conservation outcomes result from inclusive processes and meaningful engagement with the Department’s partners, including Indigenous Peoples.

ECCC will contribute to achieving Canada’s population goals for species at risk and their habitats through Indigenous engagement which is an important principle guiding collaborative work to support healthy wildlife populations under the Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation. Modern treaties and reconciliation agreements with Indigenous Peoples represent an opportunity for Canada and rights-holders to collaborate more formally in protecting species and their habitat.

Canada works closely with Indigenous Peoples to help shape and test tools to implement the Species at Risk Act (SARA), and to identify new priorities for future action, by:

collaborating with stakeholders and Indigenous partners via Species at Risk Act-mandated and -enabled advisory bodies (including, the National Aboriginal Council on Species at Risk).
Working to renew nation-to-nation relationships with Indigenous Peoples through the Enhanced Nature Legacy to support implementation of the Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation in Canada and the Species at Risk Act.
Establishing mechanisms, including the National Boreal Caribou Knowledge Consortium and others, to support co-application of Indigenous knowledge and western science.
Partnering with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis under the Canada Nature Fund, recognizing and enabling Indigenous leadership, knowledge, and interests in land and resource management.
Engaging Indigenous Peoples for priority places and species, including in species assessment, recovery planning, recovery implementation (protection measures, stewardship, and other actions); and
Negotiating modern treaties and reconciliation agreements, including implementing obligations, engaging Indigenous Peoples, and applying Indigenous knowledge^{Footnote 26} .

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)

Build capacity to protect, conserve, and restore species and their habitat.

Program: Species at Risk

Performance indicator: Amount of leveraged contributions (cash + in-kind)

Starting point and fiscal year: $25M in 2013-14

Target: Not applicable^{Footnote 27}

Note: The indicator measures the level of capacity that exists within the Canadian public, which is in line with the contributing action. The indicator measures the amount of non-federal funding leveraged by federal investment.

ECCC will contribute to Canadians’ capacity to protect and conserve species, by providing expertise and funding to Indigenous Peoples and local stakeholders and communities, through:

Support for projects under the Habitat Stewardship Program for Species at Risk and the Community-Nominated Priority Places for Species at Risk that engage Canadians in conservation actions to benefit wildlife.
Support projects under the Aboriginal Fund for Species at Risk and the Indigenous Partnerships Initiative that engage Indigenous recipients in conservation. Funding enables partnerships for the protection and recovery of species at risk with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis in a manner that recognizes and enables Indigenous leadership and engagement in land and resource management.
Support projects under the Critical Habitat Interdepartmental Program that engage other federal partners in species at risk recovery and habitat conservation mainly on federal lands; Development of research capacity in Indigenous and Northern communities to support community-based monitoring and education;
Investment of $2.25M over 3 years in programs for Engaging Canadian Kids in Wildlife Conservation.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5, Target 15.8)

Implement, innovate and modernize the regulatory and policy framework and tools to protect species at risk, other fish, and fish habitat

Implement legislation, regulations and tools that support a priority-based approach to protecting species at risk and migratory bird.

Program: Species at Risk

Performance indicator: Percentage of species at risk (SAR) for which changes in populations are consistent with recovery and management objectives

Starting point and fiscal year: 43% in 2016-17

Target: At least 60% by 2025-26

ECCC will contribute to achieving Canada’s population goals for species at risk and their habitats by helping maximize conservation outcomes and supporting healthy and viable populations for all species using a range of tools, such as:

Protection of critical habitat of species on federally administered lands as identified in recovery strategies and action plans under the Species at Risk Act (SARA).
Development of policies, standard operating procedures and/or guidance in accordance with SARA and policy guidance.
Maintenance of partnerships with Indigenous Peoples to protect, conserve and recover species at risk and migratory birds;
Work with farmers to support the recovery of species at risk on agricultural lands with the desired outcome to increase the conservation of critical habitat for multiple species at risk on non-federal lands through the Species at Risk Partnerships in Agricultural Lands program.
Development of tools to assess commitments and implementation of actions contributing to the protection of species at risk and their habitats.
Provision of expert advice related to species at risk as it relates to wetlands under the Federal Policy on Wetland Conservation during assessments of human activities under the Impact Assessment Act.
Implementation of the Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation in Canada and a prioritized approach for action on species at risk, and seek ways to further advance innovative approach
ECCC, through enhanced collation of intelligence collection, analysis of law enforcement datasets and vetting open-source information, will enrich operational activities and improve detection of non-compliance.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)

Performance indicator: Percentage of legally listed species at risk with a recovery strategy, or management plan available on the Species at Risk public registry where a recovery document is due

Starting point and fiscal year: 93% in 2018-19

Target: At least 85% by 2023-24

Implementation of an improved risk-based approach to compliance and enforcement of federal wildlife laws that protect species at risk, protected areas, migratory birds and wild plants and animals in international and interprovincial trade.

Program: Compliance Promotion and Enforcement - Pollution

Performance indicator: Percentage of Environment and Climate Change Canada laws, regulations, and enforceable instruments that have completed risk classifications

Starting point and fiscal year:

20% in 2019-20

Target: 100% by 2025-26

Target: By 2030, increase the percentage of migratory bird species whose population sizes fall within an acceptable range—neither too low nor too high—to 70% from 57% in 2016 (Minister of Environment and Climate Change)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Ensure key knowledge is available to support migratory bird conservation	Continue to monitor the status of and conduct research on migratory birds and their habitats. Program: Migratory Birds and other Wildlife	Performance indicator: Percentage of migratory bird species whose population status can be assessed with high reliability Starting point and fiscal year: 30% in 2014-15 Target: At least 50% by 2024-25 Note: This indicator is a good measure of the contributing action and the FSDS Target because it is an indication of how well ECCC understands the status of migratory bird populations.	ECCC will contribute to achieving Canada’s goal in increasing the number of migratory bird species whose populations sizes fall within an acceptable range, by collaborating with Canadian and international partners to protect bird species and their habitats, by: Conducting research to understand the drivers of population change, including long-term and targeted research to assess impacts of climate change, habitat loss, and anthropogenic activities, and through collaboration with Indigenous communities to design and implement research projects (Ongoing). Monitoring and assessing the status and trends of bird populations, establishing measurable population goals and conservation priorities, and identifying conservation actions in consultation with stakeholders—in support of developing regulations and informing conservation. Collaboration with partners, in Canada and globally, increases the audience of conservation actions, and influences the public and other interested stakeholders to engage and participate in species and habitat protection. It allows for sharing of expertise and advice, knowledge, and information, which may promote more effective species protection through improvements to foundational understanding of species and their habitats. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)
Implement, innovate and modernize the regulatory and policy framework and tools to protect migratory birds	Promote compliance with the Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994 by providing key economic analysis in support of the Migratory Birds Convention Act (MBCA) and regulations; and collaborate with partners at home and internationally to conserve migratory birds and their habitats; and continue to monitor the status of and conduct research on migratory birds and their habitats. Program: Migratory Birds and other Wildlife	Performance indicator: Percentage of migratory bird species that are within target population ranges Starting point and fiscal year: 57% in 2014-15 Target: At least 70% by 2030-31 Note: This measure will inform the programs whether the regulations and compliance promotion activities have had the intended impact so that migratory bird populations are conserved.	By enforcing Canadian and international legislation and regulations, ECCC will support Canada’s population goals for species at risk and migratory birds. By undertaking key economic analysis of legislation and regulation, decision-making for species conservation can be better informed, and policy options and programs can be more effectively implemented. Economic analysis can also help inform decision-making for species conservation, and policy options and programs can be more effectively implemented. Responsibility for managing wildlife and ecosystems in Canada is shared across all levels of government. Collaborating with partners at home and internationally to ensure continuous progress in securing populations of species at risk and migratory birds listed under federal law is essential to species conservation and recovery. Using a range of tools—both regulatory and non-regulatory—helps maximize conservation outcomes and support healthy and viable populations for all species. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Ensure key knowledge is available to support migratory bird conservation

Continue to monitor the status of and conduct research on migratory birds and their habitats.

Program: Migratory Birds and other Wildlife

Performance indicator: Percentage of migratory bird species whose population status can be assessed with high reliability

Starting point and fiscal year: 30% in 2014-15

Target: At least 50% by 2024-25

Note: This indicator is a good measure of the contributing action and the FSDS Target because it is an indication of how well ECCC understands the status of migratory bird populations.

ECCC will contribute to achieving Canada’s goal in increasing the number of migratory bird species whose populations sizes fall within an acceptable range, by collaborating with Canadian and international partners to protect bird species and their habitats, by:

Conducting research to understand the drivers of population change, including long-term and targeted research to assess impacts of climate change, habitat loss, and anthropogenic activities, and through collaboration with Indigenous communities to design and implement research projects (Ongoing).
Monitoring and assessing the status and trends of bird populations, establishing measurable population goals and conservation priorities, and identifying conservation actions in consultation with stakeholders—in support of developing regulations and informing conservation.

Collaboration with partners, in Canada and globally, increases the audience of conservation actions, and influences the public and other interested stakeholders to engage and participate in species and habitat protection. It allows for sharing of expertise and advice, knowledge, and information, which may promote more effective species protection through improvements to foundational understanding of species and their habitats.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)

Implement, innovate and modernize the regulatory and policy framework and tools to protect migratory birds

Promote compliance with the Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994 by providing key economic analysis in support of the Migratory Birds Convention Act (MBCA) and regulations; and collaborate with partners at home and internationally to conserve migratory birds and their habitats; and continue to monitor the status of and conduct research on migratory birds and their habitats.

Program: Migratory Birds and other Wildlife

Performance indicator: Percentage of migratory bird species that are within target population ranges

Starting point and fiscal year: 57% in 2014-15

Target: At least 70% by 2030-31

Note: This measure will inform the programs whether the regulations and compliance promotion activities have had the intended impact so that migratory bird populations are conserved.

By enforcing Canadian and international legislation and regulations, ECCC will support Canada’s population goals for species at risk and migratory birds.

By undertaking key economic analysis of legislation and regulation, decision-making for species conservation can be better informed, and policy options and programs can be more effectively implemented. Economic analysis can also help inform decision-making for species conservation, and policy options and programs can be more effectively implemented. Responsibility for managing wildlife and ecosystems in Canada is shared across all levels of government. Collaborating with partners at home and internationally to ensure continuous progress in securing populations of species at risk and migratory birds listed under federal law is essential to species conservation and recovery. Using a range of tools—both regulatory and non-regulatory—helps maximize conservation outcomes and support healthy and viable populations for all species.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)

Implementation strategies supporting the goal^{Footnote 28}

This section is for implementation strategies that support the goal “Protect and recover species, conserve Canadian biodiversity” but not a specific FSDS target

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Prevent, detect, respond to, control, and manage invasive alien species	Collaborate with provincial and territorial governments, Indigenous Peoples, local jurisdictions, non-governmental organizations, and international partners to increase awareness of invasive alien species, better understand their costs and impacts, and prevent, detect, respond to, control, and manage them. Program: Biodiversity Policy and Partnerships	Performance indicator: Number of known newly established Invasive Alien Species in Canada Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2011-12 Target: TBD in 2024-25 Note: Discussions are underway to establish a target that would be in line with the new Domestic Monitoring Framework that’s being developed in the context of the Kunming Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF).	Actions taken to address the threat of invasive alien species will help contribute to the FSDS implementation strategy supporting the Goal, as they aim to reduce the impacts of invasive alien species on ecosystems and native species, including species at risk. These actions also support Canada’s contribution to the achieve of Target 6 under the Convention on Biological Diversity, which focuses on invasive alien species, one of the five direct drivers of global biodiversity loss. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.8), Convention on Biological Diversity (Target 15.6)
Uphold international commitments related to wildlife	Work with international partners to protect and conserve species at risk and fulfill Canada’s obligations under international agreement. Program: Migratory Birds and other Wildlife; Biodiversity Policy and Partnerships; Species at Risk; Habitat Conservation and Protection; Compliance Promotion & Enforcement - Wildlife	Performance indicator: Percentage of expert groups formed to address international CITES conservation issues in which Canada participated Staring Point: 71% in 2018-19 Target: At least 80% annually Note: This indicator provides information about the extent to which Canada’s positions and priorities are conveyed and reflected in key international biodiversity fora. Progress in promoting Canada’s positions and priorities demonstrated by ECCC within the international communities through these partnerships and the impacts they have on domestic and exotic species in Canadian commerce contributes to the FSDS target.	ECCC will support Canada in meeting its international wildlife commitments and makes important contributions to regional and global biodiversity conservation by collaborating with international partners and by supporting actions to conserve species through its international commitments, by: Fulfilling Canada’s obligations under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES); Implementing the Wild Animal and Plant Protection Regulation of International and Interprovincial Trade Act; Working with international partners to implement a Circumpolar Action Plan for Polar Bears in accordance with the 1973 Agreement on the Conservation of Polar Bears. Fulfilling Canada’s obligations under the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Coordinating Canada’s participation with the U.S. and Mexico in the Trilateral Committee for Wildlife and Ecosystem Conservation and Management Implementing the Ramsar Convention in Canada to promote the wise use of wetlands and support partners in the nomination of any new proposed Ramsar Sites. Implementing an improved risk-based approach to enforcing federal wildlife laws that protect species at risk, protected areas, migratory birds, and wild plants and animals in international and interprovincial trade. Working closely with foreign law enforcement agencies and intergovernmental organizations to protect domestic species and exotic species in Canadian commerce. Participating in the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES); and Seeking to include provisions in Canada’s free trade agreements that support Canada’s leadership role in combatting illegal wildlife trade and protecting species at risk. Taking actions for migratory bird conservation (under the auspices of the Commission for Environmental Cooperation), and delivering projects for seabird conservation in Chile (under the Canada-Chile Agreement on Environmental Cooperation) and for shorebird monitoring in Panama (under the Canada-Panama Environment Agreement); Collaborating with international partners, including to implement the Migratory Birds Convention Act, and continuing to monitor the status of and conduct research on migratory birds, and manage and conserve migratory birds and their habitats Working closely with INTERPOL and other international partners on special operations (i.e., Thunder Series), the Wildlife Crime Working Group and the Pollution Crime Working Group to contribute to international enforcement efforts. For example, funding to undertake North American Waterfowl Management Plan (NAWMP) projects under the Canada Nature Fund supported private land securement of wetland and associated upland habitat, over 120km2 (12,000 hectares) from 2019-20 – 2020-21, in biodiversity-rich landscapes in southern Canada. These projects contributed to the recovery of wetland-dependent species at risk and the prevention of migratory birds becoming a conservation concern. In addition, these habitats provide numerous ecosystem services, such as carbon storage. The funds also contributed to supporting partners to undertake actions that conserve wildlife and protect and improve their habitat. The NAWMP is an international partnership between Canada, the United States and Mexico aiming to conserve and protect wetland, upland habitats, and associated waterfowl populations. Canada implements the plan through four regional Habitat Joint Ventures made up of a variety of cooperative public and private partners. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)
Performance indicator: Percentage of expert groups formed to address international Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) conservation issues in which Canada participated Staring Point: 83% in 2018-19 Target: At least 90% annually Note: This indicator provides information about the extent to which Canada’s positions and priorities are conveyed and reflected in key international biodiversity fora. Progress in promoting Canada’s positions and priorities demonstrated by ECCC within the international communities through these partnerships and the impacts they have on domestic and exotic species in Canadian commerce contributes to the FSDS target.
Performance indicator: Total area (km2) of habitat secured by partners Starting point and fiscal year: 6,382km2 in 2013-14 Target: At least 150,000 km² by 2023-24 Note: This is a summary indicator of all of the land securement efforts supported by a variety of ECCC programs. The results of this measure demonstrate the effectiveness of the ECCC support to build capacity for land securement efforts, which supports the contributing action and ultimately biodiversity conservation, as per the FSDS Target.
Performance indicator: Percentage of migratory bird species that are within target population ranges Starting point and fiscal year: 57% in 2014-15 Target: At least 70% by 2030-31 Note: This measure will inform the programs whether the regulations and compliance promotion activities have had the intended impact so that migratory bird populations are conserved.

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Prevent, detect, respond to, control, and manage invasive alien species

Collaborate with provincial and territorial governments, Indigenous Peoples, local jurisdictions, non-governmental organizations, and international partners to increase awareness of invasive alien species, better understand their costs and impacts, and prevent, detect, respond to, control, and manage them.

Program: Biodiversity Policy and Partnerships

Performance indicator: Number of known newly established Invasive Alien Species in Canada

Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2011-12

Target: TBD in 2024-25

Note: Discussions are underway to establish a target that would be in line with the new Domestic Monitoring Framework that’s being developed in the context of the Kunming Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF).

Actions taken to address the threat of invasive alien species will help contribute to the FSDS implementation strategy supporting the Goal, as they aim to reduce the impacts of invasive alien species on ecosystems and native species, including species at risk.

These actions also support Canada’s contribution to the achieve of Target 6 under the Convention on Biological Diversity, which focuses on invasive alien species, one of the five direct drivers of global biodiversity loss.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land
(Target 15.8), Convention on Biological Diversity (Target 15.6)

Uphold international commitments related to wildlife

Work with international partners to protect and conserve species at risk and fulfill Canada’s obligations under international agreement.

Program: Migratory Birds and other Wildlife; Biodiversity Policy and Partnerships; Species at Risk; Habitat Conservation and Protection; Compliance Promotion & Enforcement - Wildlife

Performance indicator: Percentage of expert groups formed to address international CITES conservation issues in which Canada participated

Staring Point: 71% in 2018-19

Target: At least 80% annually

Note: This indicator provides information about the extent to which Canada’s positions and priorities are conveyed and reflected in key international biodiversity fora. Progress in promoting Canada’s positions and priorities demonstrated by ECCC within the international communities through these partnerships and the impacts they have on domestic and exotic species in Canadian commerce contributes to the FSDS target.

ECCC will support Canada in meeting its international wildlife commitments and makes important contributions to regional and global biodiversity conservation by collaborating with international partners and by supporting actions to conserve species through its international commitments, by:

Fulfilling Canada’s obligations under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES);
Implementing the Wild Animal and Plant Protection Regulation of International and Interprovincial Trade Act;
Working with international partners to implement a Circumpolar Action Plan for Polar Bears in accordance with the 1973 Agreement on the Conservation of Polar Bears.
Fulfilling Canada’s obligations under the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
Coordinating Canada’s participation with the U.S. and Mexico in the Trilateral Committee for Wildlife and Ecosystem Conservation and Management
Implementing the Ramsar Convention in Canada to promote the wise use of wetlands and support partners in the nomination of any new proposed Ramsar Sites.
Implementing an improved risk-based approach to enforcing federal wildlife laws that protect species at risk, protected areas, migratory birds, and wild plants and animals in international and interprovincial trade.
Working closely with foreign law enforcement agencies and intergovernmental organizations to protect domestic species and exotic species in Canadian commerce.
Participating in the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES); and
Seeking to include provisions in Canada’s free trade agreements that support Canada’s leadership role in combatting illegal wildlife trade and protecting species at risk.
Taking actions for migratory bird conservation (under the auspices of the Commission for Environmental Cooperation), and delivering projects for seabird conservation in Chile (under the Canada-Chile Agreement on Environmental Cooperation) and for shorebird monitoring in Panama (under the Canada-Panama Environment Agreement);
Collaborating with international partners, including to implement the Migratory Birds Convention Act, and continuing to monitor the status of and conduct research on migratory birds, and manage and conserve migratory birds and their habitats
Working closely with INTERPOL and other international partners on special operations (i.e., Thunder Series), the Wildlife Crime Working Group and the Pollution Crime Working Group to contribute to international enforcement efforts.

For example, funding to undertake North American Waterfowl Management Plan (NAWMP) projects under the Canada Nature Fund supported private land securement of wetland and associated upland habitat, over 120km2 (12,000 hectares) from 2019-20 – 2020-21, in biodiversity-rich landscapes in southern Canada. These projects contributed to the recovery of wetland-dependent species at risk and the prevention of migratory birds becoming a conservation concern. In addition, these habitats provide numerous ecosystem services, such as carbon storage. The funds also contributed to supporting partners to undertake actions that conserve wildlife and protect and improve their habitat.

The NAWMP is an international partnership between Canada, the United States and Mexico aiming to conserve and protect wetland, upland habitats, and associated waterfowl populations. Canada implements the plan through four regional Habitat Joint Ventures made up of a variety of cooperative public and private partners.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 15: Life on Land (Target 15.1, Target 15.5)

Performance indicator: Percentage of expert groups formed to address international Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) conservation issues in which Canada participated

Staring Point: 83% in 2018-19

Target: At least 90% annually

Performance indicator: Total area (km2) of habitat secured by partners

Starting point and fiscal year: 6,382km2 in 2013-14

Target: At least 150,000 km² by 2023-24

Performance indicator: Percentage of migratory bird species that are within target population ranges

Starting point and fiscal year: 57% in 2014-15

Target: At least 70% by 2030-31

Note: This measure will inform the programs whether the regulations and compliance promotion activities have had the intended impact so that migratory bird populations are conserved.

Initiatives advancing Canada’s implementation of SDG 15 – Life on Land

The following initiatives demonstrate how Environment and Climate Change Canada programming supports the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs, supplementing the information outlined above.

Planned initiatives	Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets
The Habitat Conservation and Protection Program aims to secure, protect, connect, improve, and restore ecologically sensitive habitat, including wetlands, to contribute to the conservation and protection of migratory birds, species at risk and other wildlife, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Other useful information on habitat conservation and protection: Protected areas Wildlife, plants, and species Biodiversity.	These ECCC programs contribute to advancing: Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions: 15.1/15.2 Canada ensures all species have healthy and viable populations Target: No specific target 15.3 Canada conserves and restores ecosystems and habitat Target: Conserve 25% of Canada's land by 2025, working towards 30% by 2030 15.4/15.5 Canada sustainably manages forests, lakes, and rivers Target: No specific target Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets: 15.1 By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, in particular forests, wetlands, mountains, and drylands, in line with obligations under international agreements 15.2 By 2020, promote the implementation of sustainable management of all types of forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forests and substantially increase afforestation and reforestation globally 15.4 By 2030, ensure the conservation of mountain ecosystems, including their biodiversity, to enhance their capacity to provide benefits that are essential for sustainable development 15.5 Take urgent and significant action to reduce the degradation of natural habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity and, by 2020, protect and prevent the extinction of threatened species 15.6 Promote fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and promote appropriate access to such resources, as internationally agreed 15.7 Take urgent action to end poaching and trafficking of protected species of flora and fauna and address both demand and supply of illegal wildlife products 15.8 By 2020, introduce measures to prevent the introduction and significantly reduce the impact of invasive alien species on land and water ecosystems and control or eradicate the priority species. 15.9 By 2020, integrate ecosystem and biodiversity values into national and local planning, development processes, poverty reduction strategies and accounts 15.a Mobilize and significantly increase financial resources from all sources to conserve and sustainably use biodiversity and ecosystems 15.c Enhance global support for efforts to combat poaching and trafficking of protected species, including by increasing the capacity of local communities to pursue sustainable livelihood opportunities.
The Biodiversity Policy and Partnerships Program is focused on collaborative work with provincial, territorial, Indigenous, and other conservation partners to develop and meet Canada’s biodiversity commitments and obligations and to influence international policy related to biodiversity conservation and sustainable use. The Program leads on several federal-provincial-territorial committees that aim at coordinating policies to address specific priority threats (e.g., invasive alien species), and at better understanding the impacts of those threats. Program officials also participate in policy development to support modern treaty negotiations with Indigenous Peoples to ensure conservation needs and the reconciliation agenda are met. As part of this work, ECCC leads in the negotiation and implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and other conventions, including on resource mobilization and biodiversity financing. This work aims to ensure adequate financing for biodiversity policy to achieve the goals and targets under the SDGs that relate to the conservation, restoration, and sustainable use of biodiversity. Other useful information on biodiversity: Wildlife, plants, and species Biodiversity Migratory Birds Financial Reporting Framework: Reporting on progress towards 2020.
The Species at Risk Program aims to prevent wildlife species from being extirpated or becoming extinct, while providing for both the recovery of wildlife species and managing species of special concern to prevent them from becoming endangered or threatened. Independent actions on single species are complemented with strategic multi-species and ecosystems-based actions – focused on a set of shared priority places, species, and sectors with provinces and territories across Canada – through the implementation of the Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation in Canada. Other useful information on species at risk: Wildlife, plants, and species Species at risk. The Migratory Birds and Other Wildlife Program contributes to maintaining and restoring healthy populations of migratory birds and other wildlife by monitoring population status and trends, understanding drivers of population change, reducing threats to populations and by conserving, protecting, and enhancing priority habitats. Other useful information on migratory birds and other wildlife: Wildlife, plants, and species Migratory birds Wildlife research and landscape science.
The Compliance Promotion and Enforcement – Wildlife Program works to conserve and protect the natural environment through compliance promotion and apply a risk-based approach to enforce the Species at Risk Act, Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994, Wild Animal and Plant Protection and Regulation of International and Interprovincial Trade Act, Antarctic Environmental Protection Act and Canada Wildlife Act. Other useful information on wildlife compliance, promotion, and enforcement: Information about the Canada Wildlife Act Information about the Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994 Information about the Species at Risk Act Information about the Wild Animal and Plant Protection and Regulation of International and Interprovincial Trade Act Information about the Antarctic Environmental Protection Act Compliance and Enforcement Policy for Wildlife Legislation.

Planned initiatives

Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets

Other useful information on habitat conservation and protection:

These ECCC programs contribute to advancing:

Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions:

15.1/15.2 Canada ensures all species have healthy and viable populations

Target: No specific target

15.3 Canada conserves and restores ecosystems and habitat

Target: Conserve 25% of Canada's land by 2025, working towards 30% by 2030

15.4/15.5 Canada sustainably manages forests, lakes, and rivers

Target: No specific target

Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets:

15.1 By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, in particular forests, wetlands, mountains, and drylands, in line with obligations under international agreements
15.2 By 2020, promote the implementation of sustainable management of all types of forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forests and substantially increase afforestation and reforestation globally
15.4 By 2030, ensure the conservation of mountain ecosystems, including their biodiversity, to enhance their capacity to provide benefits that are essential for sustainable development
15.5 Take urgent and significant action to reduce the degradation of natural habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity and, by 2020, protect and prevent the extinction of threatened species
15.6 Promote fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and promote appropriate access to such resources, as internationally agreed
15.7 Take urgent action to end poaching and trafficking of protected species of flora and fauna and address both demand and supply of illegal wildlife products
15.8 By 2020, introduce measures to prevent the introduction and significantly reduce the impact of invasive alien species on land and water ecosystems and control or eradicate the priority species.
15.9 By 2020, integrate ecosystem and biodiversity values into national and local planning, development processes, poverty reduction strategies and accounts
15.a Mobilize and significantly increase financial resources from all sources to conserve and sustainably use biodiversity and ecosystems
15.c Enhance global support for efforts to combat poaching and trafficking of protected species, including by increasing the capacity of local communities to pursue sustainable livelihood opportunities.

The Biodiversity Policy and Partnerships Program is focused on collaborative work with provincial, territorial, Indigenous, and other conservation partners to develop and meet Canada’s biodiversity commitments and obligations and to influence international policy related to biodiversity conservation and sustainable use. The Program leads on several federal-provincial-territorial committees that aim at coordinating policies to address specific priority threats (e.g., invasive alien species), and at better understanding the impacts of those threats. Program officials also participate in policy development to support modern treaty negotiations with Indigenous Peoples to ensure conservation needs and the reconciliation agenda are met. As part of this work, ECCC leads in the negotiation and implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and other conventions, including on resource mobilization and biodiversity financing. This work aims to ensure adequate financing for biodiversity policy to achieve the goals and targets under the SDGs that relate to the conservation, restoration, and sustainable use of biodiversity.

Other useful information on biodiversity:

The Species at Risk Program aims to prevent wildlife species from being extirpated or becoming extinct, while providing for both the recovery of wildlife species and managing species of special concern to prevent them from becoming endangered or threatened. Independent actions on single species are complemented with strategic multi-species and ecosystems-based actions – focused on a set of shared priority places, species, and sectors with provinces and territories across Canada – through the implementation of the Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation in Canada.

Other useful information on species at risk:

The Migratory Birds and Other Wildlife Program contributes to maintaining and restoring healthy populations of migratory birds and other wildlife by monitoring population status and trends, understanding drivers of population change, reducing threats to populations and by conserving, protecting, and enhancing priority habitats.

Other useful information on migratory birds and other wildlife:

The Compliance Promotion and Enforcement – Wildlife Program works to conserve and protect the natural environment through compliance promotion and apply a risk-based approach to enforce the Species at Risk Act, Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994, Wild Animal and Plant Protection and Regulation of International and Interprovincial Trade Act, Antarctic Environmental Protection Act and Canada Wildlife Act.

Other useful information on wildlife compliance, promotion, and enforcement:

Information about the Canada Wildlife Act
Information about the Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994
Information about the Species at Risk Act
Information about the Wild Animal and Plant Protection and Regulation of International and Interprovincial Trade Act
Information about the Antarctic Environmental Protection Act
Compliance and Enforcement Policy for Wildlife Legislation.

Goal 16: Promote a fair and accessible justice system, enforce environmental laws, and manage impacts

FSDS context:

ECCC enforces environmental and wildlife legislation and regulations as a critical component of the Department’s sustainable development activities for future generations. The ECCC Enforcement Branch has a mission to protect and conserve the environment, human health, wildlife, and their habitat by assessing risk, enforcing legislation, and restoring compliance. The Enforcement Branch is responsible for assessing risks associated with non‑compliance to focus its activities on the most harmful forms of non-compliance, and its highly‑trained, uniformed enforcement officers in regional offices across Canada conduct formal inspections and investigations to verify compliance. The Enforcement Branch also participates in the development of federal acts and regulations as they pertain to environmental and wildlife enforcement, specifically: Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999; Pollution Prevention Provisions of the Fisheries Act; Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994; Canada Wildlife Act; The Wild Animal and Plant Protection and Regulation of International and Interprovincial Trade Act (WAPPRIITA); and the Species at Risk Act

Target theme: Compliance with Environmental Laws and High-Quality Impact Assessments

Target: By March 31, 2026, ensure that 100% of Environment and Climate Change Canada laws, regulations, and enforceable instruments have completed risk classifications (Minister of Environment and Climate Change)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Conduct risk classifications for Environment and Climate Change Canada laws, regulations, and enforceable instruments	Continue the work to complete risk classifications for all Environment and Climate Change Canada laws, regulations, and enforceable instruments. Once completed, risk classifications help ensure that the highest risk forms of non‑compliance under the ECCC mandate are identified. Program: Compliance Promotion and Enforcement – Pollution; Compliance Promotion and Enforcement - Wildlife	Performance indicator: Percentage of Environment and Climate Change Canada laws, regulations, and enforceable instruments that have completed risk classifications Starting point and fiscal year: 20% in 2019-20 Target: 100% by 2025-26	Use a data-driven, risk-based approach to enforcement planning and priority setting. This approach measures and prioritizes the worst forms of non-compliance in order to quickly and sustainably restore compliance. A stringent performance measurement process is applied, and the results inform next year’s process. Once completed, risk classifications help ensure that the highest risk forms of non-compliance are identified for ECCC’s mandate. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels (Target 16.b)
Other	Degraded environments are restored or enhanced because of community-based actions. Restore and/or enhance the natural environment through Environmental Damages Fund projects. Program: Environmental Damages Fund	Performance indicator: Area (hectares) where natural environments are restored and/or enhanced Starting point and fiscal year: 568ha^{Footnote 29} in 2017-18 Target: At least 5,000ha by 2025-26 Note: The primary goal of the Environmental Damages Fund is to restore natural environments that have been negatively affected by an environmental incident. The Fund prioritizes restoration and environmental quality improvement projects in order to achieve positive and measurable benefits to the natural environment and Canadians.	Measurement (in hectares) of the total area of natural environments of comparable geographic location, quality, or value to those affected that has been restored, as well as the area in which the environmental quality of natural environments of different geographic location, quality, or value to those affected has been improved or enhanced. Result is calculated annually using project results from previous fiscal year to ensure indicator data is collected from closed projects only. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels (Target 16.b)
Continue to implement Canada’s climate plans and actions. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Percentage of projects designated under the Impact Assessment Act that apply the Strategic Assessment of Climate Change Starting point and fiscal year: 0% in 2019-20 Target: 100% annually	The strategic assessment of climate change will enable consistent, predictable, efficient, and transparent consideration of climate change throughout the impact assessment process. It describes the climate change-related information requirements throughout the federal impact assessment process and requires proponents of projects with a lifetime beyond 2050 to provide a credible plan to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. It also explains how the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada (IAAC) or lifecycle regulators, with support from expert federal authorities, will review, comment on, and complement this information. The IAA establishes a new process for considering environmental, health, social and economic effects of projects that will undergo a federal impact assessment. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels (Target 16.b)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Conduct risk classifications for Environment and Climate Change Canada laws, regulations, and enforceable instruments

Continue the work to complete risk classifications for all Environment and Climate Change Canada laws, regulations, and enforceable instruments. Once completed, risk classifications help ensure that the highest risk forms of non‑compliance under the ECCC mandate are identified.

Program: Compliance Promotion and Enforcement – Pollution; Compliance Promotion and Enforcement - Wildlife

Performance indicator: Percentage of Environment and Climate Change Canada laws, regulations, and enforceable instruments that have completed risk classifications

Starting point and fiscal year: 20% in 2019-20

Target: 100% by 2025-26

Use a data-driven, risk-based approach to enforcement planning and priority setting. This approach measures and prioritizes the worst forms of non-compliance in order to quickly and sustainably restore compliance. A stringent performance measurement process is applied, and the results inform next year’s process. Once completed, risk classifications help ensure that the highest risk forms of non-compliance are identified for ECCC’s mandate.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels (Target 16.b)

Other

Degraded environments are restored or enhanced because of community-based actions. Restore and/or enhance the natural environment through Environmental Damages Fund projects.

Program: Environmental Damages Fund

Performance indicator: Area (hectares) where natural environments are restored and/or enhanced

Starting point and fiscal year: 568ha^{Footnote 29} in 2017-18

Target: At least 5,000ha by 2025-26

Note: The primary goal of the Environmental Damages Fund is to restore natural environments that have been negatively affected by an environmental incident. The Fund prioritizes restoration and environmental quality improvement projects in order to achieve positive and measurable benefits to the natural environment and Canadians.

Measurement (in hectares) of the total area of natural environments of comparable geographic location, quality, or value to those affected that has been restored, as well as the area in which the environmental quality of natural environments of different geographic location, quality, or value to those affected has been improved or enhanced.

Result is calculated annually using project results from previous fiscal year to ensure indicator data is collected from closed projects only.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

Continue to implement Canada’s climate plans and actions.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Percentage of projects designated under the Impact Assessment Act that apply the Strategic Assessment of Climate Change

Starting point and fiscal year: 0% in 2019-20

Target: 100% annually

The strategic assessment of climate change will enable consistent, predictable, efficient, and transparent consideration of climate change throughout the impact assessment process. It describes the climate change-related information requirements throughout the federal impact assessment process and requires proponents of projects with a lifetime beyond 2050 to provide a credible plan to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. It also explains how the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada (IAAC) or lifecycle regulators, with support from expert federal authorities, will review, comment on, and complement this information. The IAA establishes a new process for considering environmental, health, social and economic effects of projects that will undergo a federal impact assessment.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

Implementation strategies supporting the goal

This section is for implementation strategies that support the goal “Promote a fair and accessible justice system, enforce environmental laws, and manage impacts” but not a specific FSDS target

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Apply “Best-in-Class” requirements in federal impact assessment of oil and gas projects	Publish “guidance for best-in-class GHG emissions performance by oil and gas projects” which outlines the information proponents of oil and gas projects undergoing a federal impact assessment should provide to demonstrate best-in-class greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions performance. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Final guidance for best-in-class GHG emissions performance by oil and gas projects is published in 2023-24 Starting point and fiscal year: The draft guidance is finalized in 2023-24 Target: The final guidance is published in 2023-24	The best-in-class guidance is a refinement of the Strategic Assessment of Climate Change, tailoring the information requirements to oil and gas projects subject to a federal impact assessment. In meeting the FSDS goal, strategic assessments examine the Government of Canada’s existing or proposed policies, plans, or programs relevant to impact assessment. Strategic assessments can help inform the planning and management of cumulative effects (cases where the combined effects of multiple projects exceed the effects of each project considered on their own). Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels (Target 16.b)
Continue to implement regulations to phase down hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) consumption in line with the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol and to prohibit the import and export of certain products that contain or are designed to contain HFCs. Continue to implement Canada’s Strategy on Short-lived Climate Pollutants (SLCPs), by publishing a progress report on commitments under the SLCP Strategy; and continuing to advance domestic and international work to reduce SLCPs. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Percentage reduction of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions Starting point and fiscal year: 18,008,795tCO₂e, calculated from the average HFC consumption over the years 2011-2013 Target: At least 10% reduction in consumption by 2023 calendar year	The regulations amending the Heavy-duty Vehicle and Engine Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations are estimated to lead to annual CO₂e emission reductions of about 6Mt from all heavy-duty vehicles in 2030. Another key regulations and instruments will reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the oil and gas, transportation, electricity, and other industrial sectors that contribute significantly to total GHG emissions in Canada: The Regulations Respecting Reduction in the Release of Methane and Certain Volatile Organic Compounds (Upstream Oil and Gas Sector). The Ozone-depleting Substances and Halocarbon Alternatives Regulations will prevent the release of HFCs, which are powerful short-lived climate pollutants that contribute to climate change. These controls are expected to prevent the release of 1MtCO₂e in 2020 and 7MtCO₂e in 2030. The HFC phase-down is in effect as of January 1, 2019. Coal-fired electricity generating units are the highest emitting stationary sources of GHGs and air pollutants in Canada. Amendments to the Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Coal-fired Generation of Electricity Regulations, published in December 2018, are expected to reduce GHG emissions by 12.8MtCO₂e in 2030. Putting a price on carbon pollution is widely recognized as the most efficient means to drive innovation and energy efficiency in order to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Provinces and territories have the flexibility to implement their own carbon pricing systems, aligned with national stringency criteria (federal ‘benchmark’). The federal backstop carbon pollution pricing system (including a charge on fossil fuels and regulated trading system for heavy industry) applies in jurisdictions that request it or that have not implemented a system that meets the benchmark. Where the federal system applies, the Government of Canada returns all direct proceeds to the jurisdiction of origin. In provinces where proceeds are returned directly, the majority are returned to households through Climate Action Incentive payments; most households receive more in payments than they face in costs from pricing pollution. Proceeds from the federal Output-Based Pricing System (OBPS) for industrial emitters are returned to the jurisdiction to support industrial decarbonization and grid-greening projects. In February 2022, the department launched the OBPS Proceeds Fund to return proceeds collected under the pricing system to jurisdictions of origin. The program includes two streams: the Decarbonization Incentive Program and the Future Electricity Fund. Canada’s GHG Offset Credit System encourages cost-effective, voluntary emissions reductions and removals in Canada from activities not covered by carbon pricing, expanding the financial incentives to reduce carbon pollution across the economy. It will create opportunities for foresters, farmers, Indigenous communities, and other project developers who implement innovative projects to reduce carbon pollution. Federal offset credits can be used by industrial facilities as a form of payment under Canada’s industrial pricing system, the Output-Based Pricing System. In addition, other groups, including governments and businesses, can use offset credits to meet internal climate objectives^{Footnote 30} . Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 7: Affordable and clean energy (Target 7.2) UN SDG 8: Decent work and economic growth (Target 8.4) UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)
Continue to take action on carbon pollution, including by implementing pan-Canadian pricing of carbon pollution, working with provinces and territories. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Number of provinces and territories with carbon pollution pricing systems Starting point and fiscal year: 4 of 13 provinces and territories in 2016-17 Target: 13 of 13 provinces and territories annually Note: All provinces and territories continue to have carbon pollution pricing systems in place that meets the federal benchmark stringency requirements, or the federal backstop system applies.
Take action on coal-fired electricity emissions from electricity generation by implementing amended coal-fired electricity regulations to accelerate the phase out of traditional coal-fired electricity generation by 2030. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Percentage of coal-fired electricity generation units meeting their regulated greenhouse gas emissions intensity performance requirement Starting point and fiscal year: 100% in 2019-20 Target: 100% annually
Take action on emissions from the oil and gas sector by continuing to implement regulations reducing the release of methane and certain Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) from the upstream oil and gas sector that aim to reduce methane emissions; and implementing regulations to reduce methane emissions from the oil and gas sector by 40–45% by 2025. Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation	Performance indicator: Percentage reduction of methane emissions from the oil and gas sector Starting point and fiscal year: 45Mt CO₂e in 2012 calendar year Target: At least 40% by 2025 calendar year then at least 75% by 2030 calendar year Note: The Regulations Respecting Reduction in the Release of Methane and Certain Volatile Organic Compounds (Upstream Oil and Gas Sector), will reduce fugitive and venting emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) and a short-lived climate pollutant that contributes to climate change. Between 2018 and 2035, the cumulative GHG emissions reductions attributable to the regulations are estimated to be approximately 232MtCO₂e. The regulations will deliver on the government of Canada’s March 2016 commitment to reduce emissions of methane from the upstream, oil and gas sector by 40% to 45% below 2012 levels by 2025.
Implement monitoring, inspection, and enforcement activities	Promote compliance through targeted enforcement actions. Program: Compliance Promotion and Enforcement – Pollution; Compliance Promotion and Enforcement - Wildlife	Performance indicator: Percentage of non-compliance addressed by enforcement action Starting point and fiscal year: 70% in 2018-19 Target: At least 70% by 2023-24	ECCC will carry out inspections to verify compliance and conduct investigations when a possible violation of the relevant Acts or Regulations is identified. When an alleged violation is discovered during an inspection or investigation, the appropriate enforcement action – such as a fine, order, or referral for prosecution – is applied. When choosing the appropriate enforcement action, enforcement officers will consider the nature of the alleged violation, effectiveness in achieving desired results, and in maintaining consistency in enforcement. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels (Target 16.b)
Use a risk-based approach to environmental enforcement	Work to complete risk classifications for all Environment and Climate Change Canada laws, regulations, and enforceable instruments. Once completed, risk classifications help ensure that the highest risk forms of non‑compliance under the ECCC mandate are identified. Program: Compliance Promotion and Enforcement – Pollution	Performance indicator: Percentage of Environment and Climate Change Canada laws, regulations, and enforceable instruments that have completed risk classifications Starting point and fiscal year: 20% in 2019-20 Target: 100% by 2025-26	Use a data-driven, risk-based approach to enforcement planning and priority setting. This approach measures and prioritizes the worst forms of non-compliance in order to quickly and sustainably restore compliance. A stringent performance measurement process is applied, and the results inform next year’s process. Once completed, risk classifications help ensure that the highest risk forms of non-compliance are identified for the departmental mandate. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels (Target 16.b)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Apply “Best-in-Class” requirements in federal impact assessment of oil and gas projects

Publish “guidance for best-in-class GHG emissions performance by oil and gas projects” which outlines the information proponents of oil and gas projects undergoing a federal impact assessment should provide to demonstrate best-in-class greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions performance.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Final guidance for best-in-class GHG emissions performance by oil and gas projects is published in 2023-24

Starting point and fiscal year: The draft guidance is finalized in 2023-24

Target: The final guidance is published in 2023-24

The best-in-class guidance is a refinement of the Strategic Assessment of Climate Change, tailoring the information requirements to oil and gas projects subject to a federal impact assessment. In meeting the FSDS goal, strategic assessments examine the Government of Canada’s existing or proposed policies, plans, or programs relevant to impact assessment. Strategic assessments can help inform the planning and management of cumulative effects (cases where the combined effects of multiple projects exceed the effects of each project considered on their own).

Relevant targets or ambitions:

Continue to implement regulations to phase down hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) consumption in line with the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol and to prohibit the import and export of certain products that contain or are designed to contain HFCs. Continue to implement Canada’s Strategy on Short-lived Climate Pollutants (SLCPs), by publishing a progress report on commitments under the SLCP Strategy; and continuing to advance domestic and international work to reduce SLCPs.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions

Starting point and fiscal year: 18,008,795tCO₂e, calculated from the average HFC consumption over the years 2011-2013

Target: At least 10% reduction in consumption by 2023 calendar year

The regulations amending the Heavy-duty Vehicle and Engine Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations are estimated to lead to annual CO₂e emission reductions of about 6Mt from all heavy-duty vehicles in 2030. Another key regulations and instruments will reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the oil and gas, transportation, electricity, and other industrial sectors that contribute significantly to total GHG emissions in Canada: The Regulations Respecting Reduction in the Release of Methane and Certain Volatile Organic Compounds (Upstream Oil and Gas Sector). The Ozone-depleting Substances and Halocarbon Alternatives Regulations will prevent the release of HFCs, which are powerful short-lived climate pollutants that contribute to climate change. These controls are expected to prevent the release of 1MtCO₂e in 2020 and 7MtCO₂e in 2030. The HFC phase-down is in effect as of January 1, 2019. Coal-fired electricity generating units are the highest emitting stationary sources of GHGs and air pollutants in Canada. Amendments to the Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Coal-fired Generation of Electricity Regulations, published in December 2018, are expected to reduce GHG emissions by 12.8MtCO₂e in 2030.

Putting a price on carbon pollution is widely recognized as the most efficient means to drive innovation and energy efficiency in order to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Provinces and territories have the flexibility to implement their own carbon pricing systems, aligned with national stringency criteria (federal ‘benchmark’). The federal backstop carbon pollution pricing system (including a charge on fossil fuels and regulated trading system for heavy industry) applies in jurisdictions that request it or that have not implemented a system that meets the benchmark.

Where the federal system applies, the Government of Canada returns all direct proceeds to the jurisdiction of origin. In provinces where proceeds are returned directly, the majority are returned to households through Climate Action Incentive payments; most households receive more in payments than they face in costs from pricing pollution. Proceeds from the federal Output-Based Pricing System (OBPS) for industrial emitters are returned to the jurisdiction to support industrial decarbonization and grid-greening projects. In February 2022, the department launched the OBPS Proceeds Fund to return proceeds collected under the pricing system to jurisdictions of origin. The program includes two streams: the Decarbonization Incentive Program and the Future Electricity Fund. Canada’s GHG Offset Credit System encourages cost-effective, voluntary emissions reductions and removals in Canada from activities not covered by carbon pricing, expanding the financial incentives to reduce carbon pollution across the economy. It will create opportunities for foresters, farmers, Indigenous communities, and other project developers who implement innovative projects to reduce carbon pollution. Federal offset credits can be used by industrial facilities as a form of payment under Canada’s industrial pricing system, the Output-Based Pricing System. In addition, other groups, including governments and businesses, can use offset credits to meet internal climate objectives^{Footnote 30} .

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 7: Affordable and clean energy (Target 7.2)

UN SDG 8: Decent work and economic growth (Target 8.4)

UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Continue to take action on carbon pollution, including by implementing pan-Canadian pricing of carbon pollution, working with provinces and territories.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Number of provinces and territories with carbon pollution pricing systems

Starting point and fiscal year: 4 of 13 provinces and territories in 2016-17

Target: 13 of 13 provinces and territories annually

Note: All provinces and territories continue to have carbon pollution pricing systems in place that meets the federal benchmark stringency requirements, or the federal backstop system applies.

Take action on coal-fired electricity emissions from electricity generation by implementing amended coal-fired electricity regulations to accelerate the phase out of traditional coal-fired electricity generation by 2030.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Percentage of coal-fired electricity generation units meeting their regulated greenhouse gas emissions intensity performance requirement

Starting point and fiscal year: 100% in 2019-20

Target: 100% annually

Take action on emissions from the oil and gas sector by continuing to implement regulations reducing the release of methane and certain Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) from the upstream oil and gas sector that aim to reduce methane emissions; and implementing regulations to reduce methane emissions from the oil and gas sector by 40–45% by 2025.

Program: Clean Growth and Climate Change Mitigation

Performance indicator: Percentage reduction of methane emissions from the oil and gas sector

Starting point and fiscal year: 45Mt CO₂e in 2012 calendar year

Target: At least 40% by 2025 calendar year then at least 75% by 2030 calendar year

Note: The Regulations Respecting Reduction in the Release of Methane and Certain Volatile Organic Compounds (Upstream Oil and Gas Sector), will reduce fugitive and venting emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) and a short-lived climate pollutant that contributes to climate change. Between 2018 and 2035, the cumulative GHG emissions reductions attributable to the regulations are estimated to be approximately 232MtCO₂e. The regulations will deliver on the government of Canada’s March 2016 commitment to reduce emissions of methane from the upstream, oil and gas sector by 40% to 45% below 2012 levels by 2025.

Implement monitoring, inspection, and enforcement activities

Promote compliance through targeted enforcement actions.

Program: Compliance Promotion and Enforcement – Pollution; Compliance Promotion and Enforcement - Wildlife

Performance indicator: Percentage of non-compliance addressed by enforcement action

Starting point and fiscal year: 70% in 2018-19

Target: At least 70% by 2023-24

ECCC will carry out inspections to verify compliance and conduct investigations when a possible violation of the relevant Acts or Regulations is identified. When an alleged violation is discovered during an inspection or investigation, the appropriate enforcement action – such as a fine, order, or referral for prosecution – is applied. When choosing the appropriate enforcement action, enforcement officers will consider the nature of the alleged violation, effectiveness in achieving desired results, and in maintaining consistency in enforcement.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

Use a risk-based approach to environmental enforcement

Work to complete risk classifications for all Environment and Climate Change Canada laws, regulations, and enforceable instruments. Once completed, risk classifications help ensure that the highest risk forms of non‑compliance under the ECCC mandate are identified.

Program: Compliance Promotion and Enforcement – Pollution

Performance indicator: Percentage of Environment and Climate Change Canada laws, regulations, and enforceable instruments that have completed risk classifications

Starting point and fiscal year: 20% in 2019-20

Target: 100% by 2025-26

Relevant targets or ambitions:

Goal 17: Strengthen partnerships to promote global action on sustainable development

FSDS context:

Canada’s climate finance support under the Paris Agreement and United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change helps developing countries address climate change and biodiversity loss by reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and enhancing resilience for the poorest and most vulnerable. Through public and private channels and institutions, Canada collaborates with international partners to leverage investment in climate action. In addition, ECCC advances Canada’s climate agenda through bilateral and multilateral initiatives, to support low and middle-income countries already affected by climate change to transition to sustainable, low-carbon, climate-resilient, nature-positive, and inclusive development.

Target theme: Sustainable Development Partnerships

Target: By 2026, implement Canada’s climate finance commitment of $5.3B with at least 40% of funding going toward climate adaptation and at least 20% to projects that leverage nature-based climate solutions and projects that contribute biodiversity co-benefits (Minister of Environment and Climate Change)

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Increase support to and help build capacity in developing countries to adapt to and mitigate climate change	Report on the 2015 $2.65B climate finance commitments delivered between 2016 and 2021 to help developing countries transition to a low-carbon, climate-resilient economy and deliver on the $5.3B climate finance commitment between 2021-22 and 2025-26 to help developing countries transition to a low-carbon, climate-resilience economy. Program: International Environment and Climate Action	Performance indicator: Cumulative greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions in Mt resulting from international initiatives funded by Canada ($2.65B) Starting point and fiscal year: 0Mt in 2016-17 Target: At least 200Mt by 2050 calendar year Note: A reduction of GHG emissions in developing countries allows for measurement of progress towards mitigation of climate change from Canada’s support to help developing countries transition to a low-carbon economy.	ECCC will strengthen Canada’s capacity to contribute to a worldwide reduction of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to meet global targets, by taking a leadership role and contributing expertise to key international climate and economic fora and work towards the international goals under the PCF, such as the implementation of the Paris Agreement and the delivery of Canada’s climate finance commitment to support developing countries in tackling climate change, by: continuing collaboration with Global Affairs Canada, including through multilateral financial mechanisms: Green Climate Fund and Global Environment Facility. delivering $2M for methane mitigation projects in developing countries in the biogas and oil and gas sectors, with advice from the Global Methane Initiative. ensuring that finance for adaptation would increase to 40%, that at least 20% would support nature-based solutions with biodiversity co-benefits and that 80% of projects would target gender equity outcomes; and increasing support for the transition to clean energy and phasing-out of coal, with special consideration for the poorest and most vulnerable developing countries. Ongoing projects include: $25M to the World Bank’s Energy Sector Management Assistance Program; $8M to International Energy Agency Clean Energy Transitions Programme; $5M for the Southeast Asia Energy Transition Program; $5M for the OECD’s Clean Energy Finance and Investment Mobilization programme. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: SDG 13: Climate Action (Targets 13.A)
Performance indicator: Cumulative greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions in Mt resulting from international initiatives funded by Canada ($5.3B) Starting point and fiscal year: Expected 228Mt in 2021-22 Target: At least 300Mt by 2050 calendar year Note: A reduction of GHG emissions in developing countries allows for measurement of progress towards mitigation of climate change from Canada’s support to help developing countries transition to a low-carbon economy.
Performance indicator: Total cumulative value ($CND) of Canada’s contributions disbursed Starting point and fiscal year: $857M in 2021-22 Target: At least $5.3Bby 2025-26 Note: These measures assess, in part, Canada’s leadership, through international agreements, to support mitigation and adaptation action internationally that will lead to measurable greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions, thus contributing to reducing GHGs globally, and increase climate resilience globally.
Performance indicator: Cumulative number of people in developing countries who benefitted from Canada’s adaptation funding ($2.65B) Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2016-17 Target: At least 10M by 2030 calendar year Note: Measuring the cumulative number of people in developing countries who benefited from Canada’s adaptation funding provides information related to the extent to which Canada supports adaptation action in developing countries via international leadership, ultimately contributing to the transition to a climate-resilient development pathway.
Performance indicator: Cumulative number of people in developing countries who benefitted from Canada’s adaptation funding ($5.3B) Starting point and fiscal year: 6.6M in 2021-22 Target: At least 10M by 2050 calendar year Note: Measuring the cumulative number of people in developing countries who benefited from Canada’s adaptation funding provides information related to the extent to which Canada supports adaptation action in developing countries via international leadership, ultimately contributing to the transition to a climate-resilient development pathway.
Performance indicator: Cumulative amount of private finance mobilized through Canada’s public sector investments ($2.65B) Starting point and fiscal year: $0 in 2016-17 Target: Greater cumulative amount of private climate finance mobilized annually, for a total ratio of at least $0.5 mobilized in private climate finance per $1 of Canada’s public sector investments by 2050 calendar year
Performance indicator: Cumulative amount of private finance mobilized through Canada’s public sector investments ($5.3B) Starting point and fiscal year: $0.75 private finance mobilized per $1 spent by Canada on projects involving the private sector in 2021-22 Target: Greater cumulative amount of private climate finance mobilized annually, for a total ratio of at least $0.75 mobilized in private finance per $1 of Canada’s public sector investments by 2050 calendar year
Support a clean energy transition	Support developing countries’ clean energy transition and coal phase-out. Leverage Canada’s climate finance to complement its co-leadership with the United Kingdom of the Powering Past Coal Alliance, a coalition of over 165 members leading global efforts to end emissions from unabated coal power. Program: International Environment and Climate Action	Performance indicator: Collaborative processes conducted with stakeholders writ large Starting point and fiscal year: Indicator established in 2018-19 Target: Listing type/category of stakeholders met annually	ECCC will continue to advance Canada’s leadership role in the Powering Past Coal Alliance, which calls on governments and organizations to phase out unabated coal power in a timeframe compatible with the temperature goal of the Paris Agreement (i.e., phase-out by 2023 for OECD and EU, and by 2040 in the rest of the world). Transitioning to a low-carbon economy will require cleaner sources of energy, and coal phase-out is a key part of Canada’s plan to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy (Target 7.2, Target 7.A) SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Increase support to and help build capacity in developing countries to adapt to and mitigate climate change

Report on the 2015 $2.65B climate finance commitments delivered between 2016 and 2021 to help developing countries transition to a low-carbon, climate-resilient economy and deliver on the $5.3B climate finance commitment between 2021-22 and 2025-26 to help developing countries transition to a low-carbon, climate-resilience economy.

Program: International Environment and Climate Action

Performance indicator: Cumulative greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions in Mt resulting from international initiatives funded by Canada ($2.65B)

Starting point and fiscal year: 0Mt in 2016-17

Target: At least 200Mt by 2050 calendar year

Note: A reduction of GHG emissions in developing countries allows for measurement of progress towards mitigation of climate change from Canada’s support to help developing countries transition to a low-carbon economy.

ECCC will strengthen Canada’s capacity to contribute to a worldwide reduction of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to meet global targets, by taking a leadership role and contributing expertise to key international climate and economic fora and work towards the international goals under the PCF, such as the implementation of the Paris Agreement and the delivery of Canada’s climate finance commitment to support developing countries in tackling climate change, by:

continuing collaboration with Global Affairs Canada, including through multilateral financial mechanisms: Green Climate Fund and Global Environment Facility.
delivering $2M for methane mitigation projects in developing countries in the biogas and oil and gas sectors, with advice from the Global Methane Initiative.
ensuring that finance for adaptation would increase to 40%, that at least 20% would support nature-based solutions with biodiversity co-benefits and that 80% of projects would target gender equity outcomes; and
increasing support for the transition to clean energy and phasing-out of coal, with special consideration for the poorest and most vulnerable developing countries. Ongoing projects include: $25M to the World Bank’s Energy Sector Management Assistance Program; $8M to International Energy Agency Clean Energy Transitions Programme; $5M for the Southeast Asia Energy Transition Program; $5M for the OECD’s Clean Energy Finance and Investment Mobilization programme.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: SDG 13: Climate Action (Targets 13.A)

Performance indicator: Cumulative greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions in Mt resulting from international initiatives funded by Canada ($5.3B)

Starting point and fiscal year: Expected 228Mt in 2021-22

Target: At least 300Mt by 2050 calendar year

Performance indicator: Total cumulative value ($CND) of Canada’s contributions disbursed

Starting point and fiscal year: $857M in 2021-22

Target: At least $5.3Bby 2025-26

Note: These measures assess, in part, Canada’s leadership, through international agreements, to support mitigation and adaptation action internationally that will lead to measurable greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions, thus contributing to reducing GHGs globally, and increase climate resilience globally.

Performance indicator: Cumulative number of people in developing countries who benefitted from Canada’s adaptation funding ($2.65B)

Starting point and fiscal year: 0 in 2016-17

Target: At least 10M by 2030 calendar year

Note: Measuring the cumulative number of people in developing countries who benefited from Canada’s adaptation funding provides information related to the extent to which Canada supports adaptation action in developing countries via international leadership, ultimately contributing to the transition to a climate-resilient development pathway.

Performance indicator: Cumulative number of people in developing countries who benefitted from Canada’s adaptation funding ($5.3B)

Starting point and fiscal year: 6.6M in 2021-22

Target: At least 10M by 2050 calendar year

Performance indicator: Cumulative amount of private finance mobilized through Canada’s public sector investments ($2.65B)

Starting point and fiscal year: $0 in 2016-17

Target: Greater cumulative amount of private climate finance mobilized annually, for a total ratio of at least $0.5 mobilized in private climate finance per $1 of Canada’s public sector investments by 2050 calendar year

Performance indicator: Cumulative amount of private finance mobilized through Canada’s public sector investments ($5.3B)

Starting point and fiscal year: $0.75 private finance mobilized per $1 spent by Canada on projects involving the private sector in 2021-22

Target: Greater cumulative amount of private climate finance mobilized annually, for a total ratio of at least $0.75 mobilized in private finance per $1 of Canada’s public sector investments by 2050 calendar year

Support a clean energy transition

Support developing countries’ clean energy transition and coal phase-out. Leverage Canada’s climate finance to complement its co-leadership with the United Kingdom of the Powering Past Coal Alliance, a coalition of over 165 members leading global efforts to end emissions from unabated coal power.

Program: International Environment and Climate Action

Performance indicator: Collaborative processes conducted with stakeholders writ large

Starting point and fiscal year: Indicator established in 2018-19

Target: Listing type/category of stakeholders met annually

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy (Target 7.2, Target 7.A)

SDG 13: Climate Action (Target 13.2)

Implementation strategies supporting the goal

This section is for implementation strategies that support the goal “Strengthen partnerships to promote global action on sustainable development” but not a specific FSDS target

Implementation strategy	Departmental action	Performance indicator starting point target	How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS
Promote environmental protection in trade agreements and other engagement mechanisms	Advance priorities and climate change-related commitments with the U.S. and contributing expertise and advancing Canada’s environmental priorities through bilateral partnerships with Mexico, Chile, China, and the European Union. Program: International Environment and Climate Action	Performance indicator: Extent to which Canada's environment and climate change commitments under (bilateral and regional) instruments are met Starting point and fiscal year: Qualitative indicator: Overall high rating in 2022-23 Target: High rating annually Note: A high aggregate rating is determined by partners allocating sufficient resources to meet obligations under bilateral and regional instruments.	Canada commits to meeting environment and climate change objectives through the ratification of FTAs, ECAs, and other bilateral and regional cooperation instruments. As such, calculating the extent of commitments met under bilateral and regional instruments will reflect how successful we were at meeting these objectives. Canada maintains engagement with Latin American and Caribbean countries through bilateral and regional cooperation activities to advance the implementation of environment commitments under Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) and environmental agreements. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: SDG 13: Climate Action (Targets 13. A)
Include provisions in Canada’s free trade agreements (FTAs) that support Canada’s leadership role on climate change. Program: International Environment and Climate Action	Performance indicator: Extent to which new and renegotiated Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) include comprehensive environment provisions, including climate change provisions Starting point and fiscal year: Qualitative indicator: 5 FTAs in 2022-2023 Target: Comprehensive environment provisions, including climate change provisions, are included in new and renegotiated FTAs, annually Note: This is a good measure of Canada’s leadership in international agreements and initiatives on climate change because the integration of robust environment and climate change provisions in FTAs and other cooperation instruments is a demonstration of Canada’s progress in leading these initiatives towards positive climate outcomes.
Contribute to current knowledge and data that support improved global and domestic air quality, reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and adaptation planning. Program: Climate Change Adaptation	Performance indicator: Annual number of downloads of climate datasets (based on a 3-year rolling average) Starting point and fiscal year: 83,139 in 2014-15 through 2016-17 Target: At least 220,000 annually	Conduct targeted scientific and engineering studies to quantify greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and associated costs by technology, equipment type, fuel, and operating conditions, including by: maintaining comprehensive GHG emission and air pollutant inventories that are up-to-date, informative, and relevant to all Canadian jurisdictions; and conducting climate research and analysis to develop climate data and scenarios, which will inform mitigation actions and effective adaptation planning and support active participation in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). By conducting scientific research and maintaining inventories, ECCC will contribute to current knowledge and data that support improved global and domestic air quality, reduction of GHG emissions, and adaptation planning. Relevant targets or ambitions: GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Targets 13.1 and 13.3)

Implementation strategy

Departmental action

Performance indicator starting point target

How the departmental action contributes to the FSDS goal and target and, where applicable, to Canada’s 2030 Agenda National Strategy and SDGS

Promote environmental protection in trade agreements and other engagement mechanisms

Advance priorities and climate change-related commitments with the U.S. and contributing expertise and advancing Canada’s environmental priorities through bilateral partnerships with Mexico, Chile, China, and the European Union.

Program: International Environment and Climate Action

Performance indicator: Extent to which Canada's environment and climate change commitments under (bilateral and regional) instruments are met

Starting point and fiscal year: Qualitative indicator: Overall high rating in 2022-23

Target: High rating annually

Note: A high aggregate rating is determined by partners allocating sufficient resources to meet obligations under bilateral and regional instruments.

Canada commits to meeting environment and climate change objectives through the ratification of FTAs, ECAs, and other bilateral and regional cooperation instruments. As such, calculating the extent of commitments met under bilateral and regional instruments will reflect how successful we were at meeting these objectives. Canada maintains engagement with Latin American and Caribbean countries through bilateral and regional cooperation activities to advance the implementation of environment commitments under Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) and environmental agreements.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: SDG 13: Climate Action (Targets 13. A)

Include provisions in Canada’s free trade agreements (FTAs) that support Canada’s leadership role on climate change.

Program: International Environment and Climate Action

Performance indicator: Extent to which new and renegotiated Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) include comprehensive environment provisions, including climate change provisions

Starting point and fiscal year: Qualitative indicator: 5 FTAs in 2022-2023

Target: Comprehensive environment provisions, including climate change provisions, are included in new and renegotiated FTAs, annually

Note: This is a good measure of Canada’s leadership in international agreements and initiatives on climate change because the integration of robust environment and climate change provisions in FTAs and other cooperation instruments is a demonstration of Canada’s progress in leading these initiatives towards positive climate outcomes.

Contribute to current knowledge and data that support improved global and domestic air quality, reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and adaptation planning.

Program: Climate Change Adaptation

Performance indicator: Annual number of downloads of climate datasets (based on a 3-year rolling average)

Starting point and fiscal year: 83,139 in 2014-15 through 2016-17

Target: At least 220,000 annually

Conduct targeted scientific and engineering studies to quantify greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and associated costs by technology, equipment type, fuel, and operating conditions, including by:

maintaining comprehensive GHG emission and air pollutant inventories that are up-to-date, informative, and relevant to all Canadian jurisdictions; and conducting climate research and analysis to develop climate data and scenarios, which will inform mitigation actions and effective adaptation planning and support active participation in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

By conducting scientific research and maintaining inventories, ECCC will contribute to current knowledge and data that support improved global and domestic air quality, reduction of GHG emissions, and adaptation planning.

Relevant targets or ambitions:

GIF Target: UN SDG 13: Climate Action (Targets 13.1 and 13.3)

Initiatives advancing Canada’s implementation of SDG 17 – Partnerships for the Goals

The following initiatives demonstrate how Environment and Climate Change Canada programming supports the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs.

Planned initiatives

Associated domestics targets or ambitions and/or global targets

Canada is negotiating a Green Alliance with the EU that will elevate climate and environment cooperation. Even though ties between Canada and China remain strained, both countries are hopeful that the environment can continue to be a fruitful area of co-operation in the bilateral relationship. The China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development (China Council) is one of the main channels through which Canada has significant engagement with China on climate and environment, both through the Minister’s position as Executive Vice-Chairperson of CCICED and via officials-level engagement in support of the CCICED research program. Advance priorities and climate change-related commitments with the U.S. and contributing expertise and advancing Canada’s environmental priorities through bilateral partnerships with Mexico, Chile, China, and the European Union.

These ECCC programs contribute to advancing:

Canadian Indicator Framework (CIF) ambitions:

17.2 Ambition - Canada fosters collaboration and partnerships to advance the SDGs

Target - No specific target

Global Indicator Framework (GIF) targets:

2.4 By 2030, ensure sustainable food production systems and implement resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production, that help maintain ecosystems, that strengthen capacity for adaptation to climate change, extreme weather, drought, flooding and other disasters and that progressively improve land and soil quality.
5.5 Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in political, economic and public life
6.3 By 2030, improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and materials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally
7.2 By 2030, increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix
9.4 By 2030, upgrade infrastructure and retrofit industries to make them sustainable, with increased resource-use efficiency and greater adoption of clean and environmentally sound technologies and industrial processes, with all countries taking action in accordance with their respective capabilities
11.6 By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management
12.2 By 2030, achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources
12.5 By 2030, substantially reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse
13.1 Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries
13.2 Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning
14.1 By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution
14.2 By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans
15.5 Take urgent and significant action to reduce the degradation of natural habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity and, by 2020, protect and prevent the extinction of threatened species.

Section 5: Integrating Sustainable Development

Environment and Climate Change Canada will continue to ensure that its decision-making process includes consideration of FSDS goals and targets through its Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) process. An SEA for a policy, plan or program proposal includes an analysis of the impacts of the given proposal on the environment, including on relevant FSDS goals and targets.

Public statements on the results of Environment and Climate Change Canada’s assessments are made public when an initiative that has undergone a detailed SEA. The purpose of the public statement is to demonstrate that the environmental effects, including the impacts on achieving the FSDS goals and targets, of the approved policy, plan or program have been considered during proposal development and decision-making.

Footnote 1

The above icons represent the 14 FSDS goals to which ECCC contributes. The FSDS includes a total of 17 goals aligned with the 17 goals of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

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Footnote 2

At the time that ECCC was consulted for the 2022-26 Federal Sustainable Development Strategy, it was anticipated that ECCC would implement one or more Departmental Action aligned to the “Build knowledge for sustainable agriculture” and the “Promote sustainable agricultural practices” Implementation Strategies in Goal 2 “Support a healthier and more sustainable food system”. Subsequent changes to the Department’s priorities have meant that relevant actions will not be implemented at this time. As such, no departmental actions aligned to these Implementation Strategies are reported here.

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Footnote 3

As a result of additional investments, the target increased to 581 youth served by 2023-24.

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Footnote 4

The Lake Winnipeg Basin target sunsetted in early 2023. A new target is being developed to support program implementation through Freshwater Action Plan.

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Footnote 5

The Lake Winnipeg Basin target sunsetted in early 2023. A new target is being developed to support program future implementation through the Freshwater Action Plan.

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Footnote 6

MtCo2e means metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent.

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Footnote 7

Mt means megatonnes.

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Footnote 8

Zero emissions prior to the implementation of Low Carbon Economy Fund.

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Footnote 9

GHG emission targets are calculated by calendar years on an annual basis, not by fiscal year.

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Footnote 10

The baseline is subject to change with methodological updates.

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Footnote 11

Recent updates to the methodology used to determine critical loads have delayed the finalization of the baseline. The baseline is expected to be finalized in 2023-24.

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Footnote 12

The value is a 3-year average.

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Footnote 13

There were 220,050 visits in 2014-15. This marks the 0% baseline against which the annual percentage increase is measured.

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Footnote 14

There were 220,050 visits in 2014-15. This marks the 0% baseline against which the annual percentage increase is measured.

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Footnote 15

Scope 1 Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are the greenhouse gases produced directly from sources that are owned or controlled by the Government of Canada (for example, from the combustion of fuels in vehicles or in heating buildings). Scope 2 GHG emissions are those generated indirectly from the consumption of purchased energy (electricity, heating and cooling). Scope 3 GHG emissions are indirect emissions resulting from an organization’s operations.

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Footnote 16

The Government of Canada released its Emissions Reduction Plan on March 29, 2022. The revised target is for zero-emission vehicles to represent at least 20% of light-duty vehicle sales by 2026, 60% by 2030 and 100% by 2035.

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Footnote 17

At the time that ECCC was consulted for the 2022-26 Federal Sustainable Development Strategy, it was anticipated that ECCC would implement one or more Departmental Action aligned to the “Deliver efficient food systems” Implementation Strategy in goal 12 “Reduce waste and transition to zero-emission vehicles”. Subsequent changes to the Department’s priorities have meant that relevant actions will not be implemented at this time, and as such, no departmental actions aligned to this Implementation Strategy are reported here.

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Footnote 18

Update reflects the evolution of Canada’s climate commitments and climate plan since the PCF was released in 2017, including the publication of Canada’s Strengthened Climate Plan in 2020 and the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan in 2022.

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Footnote 19

The first steps for this work are to establish Grant & Contribution agreements. Some Grant & Contribution agreements have been established and some are in progress. The data and progress towards the indicator are not expected until subsequent years.

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Footnote 20

Canada ratifies the amendments on plastic waste to the Basel Convention. Canada’s contribution to the development of the guidelines continues.

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Footnote 21

Implementation of new controls for transboundary movement of plastic waste after ratification. Guidelines are completed and adopted by the Conference of the Parties.

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Footnote 22

Amendments to the Basel Convention were adopted in May of 2019. Work is underway internationally to support the development of guidelines and initiate new projects under the partnership.

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Footnote 23

In the summer of 2021, the Minister of Environment and Climate Change approved three (3) new Community-Nominated Priority Places. The number increased from 15 to 18.

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Footnote 24

As the previously reported Nature Legacy program reached its target of 200 species in 2020-21, a new indicator has been included to reflect new funding from the Enhanced Nature Legacy program, which has a target of 300 species.

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Footnote 25

The last reporting year for this indicator is scheduled to be 2023-24.

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Footnote 26

This departmental action also contributes to the other Goal 8 target related to migratory bird species.

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Footnote 27

Program cannot set a long-term target since the priorities and results achieved depend on the budget, which is reviewed annually.

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Footnote 28

At the time that ECCC was consulted for the 2022-26 Federal Sustainable Development Strategy, it was anticipated that ECCC would implement one or more Departmental Action aligned to the “Modernize technology for monitoring international wildlife trade” Implementation Strategy in goal 15 “Protect and recover species, conserve Canadian biodiversity”. Subsequent changes to the Department’s priorities have meant that relevant actions will not be implemented at this time, and as such, no departmental actions aligned to this Implementation Strategy are reported here.

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Footnote 29

ha means hectares.

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Footnote 30

Updates made to reflect benefits to putting a price on carbon and expected outcomes.

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Page details

Date modified:: 2023-11-06

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Departmental Sustainable Development Strategy, 2023 to 2027

Section 1: Introduction to the Departmental Sustainable Development Strategy

Section 2: Environment and Climate Change Canada’s Sustainable Development Vision

Section 3: Listening to Canadians

What we heard

What we did

Section 4: Environment and Climate Change Canada’s Commitments

Goal 3: Support mental health and adopt healthy behaviours

Goal 4: Promote knowledge and skills for sustainable development

Goal 5: Champion gender equality

Goal 6: Ensure clean and safe water for all Canadians

Goal 7: Increase Canadians’ access to clean energy

Goal 9: Foster innovation and green infrastructure in Canada

Goal 10: Advance reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples and take action on inequality

Goal 11: Improve access to affordable housing, clean air, transportation, parks, and green spaces, as well as cultural heritage in Canada

Goal 12: Reduce waste and transition to zero-emission vehicles

Goal 13: Take action on climate change and its impacts

Goal 14: Conserve and protect Canada’s oceans

Goal 15: Protect and recover species, conserve Canadian biodiversity

Goal 16: Promote a fair and accessible justice system, enforce environmental laws, and manage impacts

Goal 17: Strengthen partnerships to promote global action on sustainable development

Section 5: Integrating Sustainable Development

Page details