Hazardous substance assessment – 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone

Identification

Chemical name: 

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone

CAS #:

872-50-4

Chemical composition:

C₅H₉NO

Synonyms:

• N-methylpyrrolidone
• 2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-methyl-
• N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone

UN #:

No chemical-specific UN # available

Pictogram(s):

Figure 1 – Text description

The symbol within the pictogram is an exclamation mark. This symbol indicates that hazardous products with this pictogram can cause certain health effects for example:

• skin irritation
• eye irritation
• skin sensitization

Figure 2 – Text description

The symbol within the pictogram is a black silhouette of a person's head and chest with a white star shape spreading out from the center of the chest. This symbol indicates that hazardous products with this pictogram can cause certain health effects for example:

• carcinogenicity
• specific target organ effects following single or repeated exposure
• reproductive toxicity

WHMIS classification

Health hazards:

• Eye Irritation – Category 2A
• Reproductive Toxicity – Category 1B

Physical hazards:

• Flammable Liquids – Category 4

Health hazards

Acute Toxicity (Oral):

Does not meet criteria

Median lethal dose (LD₅₀): 3 914 milligrams per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg-bw) (rats)^{Reference 1}.

In an acute toxicity study in Sprague-Dawley rats (5 per sex per dose) exposed to 20 millilitres of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone per kilogram of body weight (mL/kg-bw) or 30 mL/kg-bw orally via stomach tube, the LD₅₀ was reported as 3 914 mg/kg-bw (cited as 3.8 mL/kg-bw). No details on clinical or pathological observations were reported^{Reference 1}.

The available data do not meet the classification criteria for a category of Acute Toxicity (Oral).

Acute Toxicity (Dermal):

Does not meet criteria

LD₅₀: >5 000 mg/kg-bw (rats)^{Reference 2}.

In a study conducted similarly to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Test Guideline 402, Sprague-Dawley rats (2 per sex) were exposed to 1 300, 2 500, 5 000 or 10 000 mg/kg-bw of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. No mortalities were reported at 5 000 mg/kg-bw. At the highest dose of 10 000 mg/kg-bw, 1 out of 2 males and 2 out of 2 females had died .

The available data do not meet the classification criteria for a category of Acute Toxicity (Dermal).

Acute Toxicity (Inhalation – Gases):

Not applicable

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is not a gas. The classification criteria for Acute Toxicity (Inhalation – Gases) do not apply to this substance.

Acute Toxicity (Inhalation – Vapours):

No data available

No data are available to determine whether 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone meets the classification criteria for a category of Acute Toxicity (Inhalation - Vapours).

Acute Toxicity (Inhalation – Dusts and Mists):

Median lethal concentration (LC₅₀): >5.1 mg/L (rats)^{Reference 3}.

Wistar rats (5 per sex) were exposed head-nose for 4 hours to a mixture of vapour and aerosol of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone at a single concentration of 5.1 mg/L. The mass median aerodynamic diameter of the aerosol was 4.6 micrometres and 87% of the aerosol was respirable. The animals were observed for 14 days. No animals died^{Reference 3}.

The available data do not meet the classification criteria for a category of Acute Toxicity (Inhalation – Dusts and Mists).

Skin Corrosion / Irritation:

Does not meet criteria

In a study conducted similarly to the OECD Test Guideline 404, a single application of 0.5 millilitre (mL) of undiluted 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to both intact and abraded skin of 6 rabbits under occlusive conditions did not result in skin irritation. Erythema scores for each of the 6 animals after 24 hours, 72 hours and 7 days were all 1/4, 0/4, and 0/4, respectively. Edema scores for each of the 6 animals after 24 hours, 72 hours and 7 days were all 0/4^{Reference 4Reference 5}. The mild erythema had cleared by 72 hours in all animals and none of the scores exceeded those of criterion (b)(i) of the Table to subsection 8.2.2(3) of the HPR.

The available data do not meet the classification criteria for a category or subcategory of Skin Corrosion / Irritation.

Serious Eye Damage / Eye Irritation:

Category 2A

In an eye irritation study in New Zealand White rabbits (number not specified) exposed to 0.1 mL of undiluted 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, the mean Draize scores were 41/110 (at 24 hours), 40/110 (at 48 hours), 34/110 (at 72 hours), 8/110 (at 7 days), 4/110 (at 14 days) and 0/110 (at 21 days). Corneal effects were reversible within 14 days for unwashed eyes and 7 days for washed eyes. Conjunctival effects disappeared within 21 days in unwashed eyes and 14 days in washed eyes. No individual scores were available^{Reference 4}. As corneal opacity (degree of density) is graded in the same manner in the Draize scoring system as that of OECD Test Guideline 405, the corneal effects in this study would meet the criterion of a corneal opacity of at least 1, outlined in the Table to subsection 8.3.2(3) of the HPR. Since the ocular effects lasted for more than 7 days, the available data support a classification of Eye Irritation – Category 2A.

The available data meet the classification criteria for Eye Irritation – Category 2A [HPR 8.3.2(3)].

Respiratory Sensitization:

No data available

No data are available to determine whether 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone meets the classification criteria for a category or subcategory of Respiratory Sensitization.

Skin Sensitization:

No data available

No data are available to determine whether 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone meets the classification criteria for a category or subcategory of Skin Sensitization.

Germ Cell Mutagenicity:

Does not meet criteria

In vivo:

In a mouse micronucleus test and a bone marrow chromosomal aberration assay, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone administered orally at doses up to 3 800 mg/kg-bw did not increase the frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes nor the number of structural or numerical chromosomal aberrations^{Reference 6}.

In vitro:

Negative results were generated in 2 separate studies similar in design to OECD Test Guideline 471 in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 97, TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537 exposed to 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone with and without metabolic activation^{Footnote 7Footnote 8}.

An OECD Test Guideline 476-compliant study in Chinese hamster ovary cells provided negative results with and without metabolic activation^{Reference 5}.

An unscheduled deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis assay conducted equivalently or similarly to OECD Test Guideline 482 in primary rat hepatocytes also provided negative results for mutagenicity^{Reference 5}.

A mouse lymphoma test of cells in the L5178Y cell line exposed to up to 10 000 parts per million (ppm) (volume per volume) also provided negative results with and without metabolic activation^{Reference 3}.

The available data do not meet the classification criteria for a category or subcategory of Germ Cell Mutagenicity.

Carcinogenicity:

Does not meet criteria

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone has not been reviewed by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, the National Toxicology Program, or the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists.

In an OECD Test Guideline 451-compliant study, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was fed to B6C3F1 mice (50 per sex per dose) for 18 months at a dietary concentration of 0, 600, 1 200 or 7 200 ppm. The respective doses of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone were 0, 89, 173 and 1 089 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day (mg/kg-bw/day) for males and 0, 115, 221 and 1 399 mg/kg-bw/day for females. An increase in the incidence of liver tumours was seen at the highest dose only; however, the study authors posited enzyme induction to be the cause, to which B6C3F1 mice are known to be highly sensitive^{Reference 9}. The results of this study do not meet the classification criteria for a category or subcategory of Carcinogenicity.

In another study, rats were exposed to 0, 10 or 100 ppm 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone vapours for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 2 years. No evidence of carcinogenicity was reported. In the same study, groups of rats (62 per sex per dose) fed 0, 1 600, 5 000 or 15 000 ppm 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in the diet for 2 years also displayed no signs of carcinogenicity^{Reference 10}.

The available data do not meet the classification criteria for a category or subcategory of Carcinogenicity.

Reproductive Toxicity:

Category 1B

A 2-generation OECD Test Guideline 416-compliant study was conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats (30 per sex) fed at initial doses of 0, 50, 160 or 500 mg/kg-bw/day of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone for a 10-week premating period, during mating, gestation and lactation, as well as during the rest period between pregnancies. The 500 mg/kg-bw/day dose was reduced to 350 mg/kg-bw/day after day 126 for the remainder of the study due to high pup mortality and parental toxicity (reduced body weight and food consumption) observed at that dose. Exposure to 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone had no adverse effects on reproductive performance or fertility of the F₀ or F₁ parental animals at any dose tested. Developmental toxicity, comprising increased pup mortality, reduced body weight gain and effects on internal organs was noted in pups treated at 500/350 mg/kg-bw/day^{Reference 3Reference 5}. The developmental toxicity observed at 350 mg/kg-bw/day was in the absence of treatment-related parental toxicity.

A developmental toxicity study in female rats gavaged with 0, 125, 250, 500 or 750 mg/kg-bw/day of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone on gestational days 6 through 20 reported signs of developmental toxicity at concentrations below maternally toxic levels^{Reference 11}.

In another study, Sprague-Dawley rats (10 per sex per dose) were gavaged with 0, 258, 516.5, 1 033 or 2 066 mg/kg-bw/day of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone for 28 days. Decreased testes weights, smaller testes and testicular lesions, including degeneration of the seminiferous epithelium, were observed at a dose of 2 066 mg/kg-bw/day^{Reference 3}.

In a 10-week study in male rats, administration of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone by gavage at a dose of 1 000 mg/kg-bw/day caused gonadotoxic effects and infertility. Lower doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg-bw/day did not impair male fertility. Only the lowest dose of 100 mg/kg-bw/day was found to have no influence on the prenatal development of progeny, with lower viability of the offspring observed within the first 4 days of life for the 300 mg/kg-bw/day group. The females used for mating in this study were unexposed^{Reference 12}.

In another study, female rats were gavaged with 150, 450 or 1 000 mg/kg-bw/day of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone for 5 days per week for 2 weeks before mating and during mating, gestation and lactation. Body weights of maternal animals and the fertility index were significantly lower in the groups exposed to dose of 450 or 1 000 mg/kg-bw/day. The number of live pups in the group exposed to the highest dose was significantly lower and the number of still births in litters was significantly greater. Survival of the pups from all exposed groups, including the 150 mg/kg-bw/day dose group, during the 3 weeks after birth was significantly lower than that of the control animals. Exposure of female rats to higher doses caused significant impairment in female fertility and increased intrauterine mortality rates. The reduced survival of pups at a dose of 150 mg/kg-bw/day was in the absence of significant maternal toxicity^{Reference 13}.

In an inhalation study, rats were exposed to 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone vapours at concentrations up to 116 ppm for 6 hours per day, 7 days per week from 34 days of age to the end of the mating period for the males (100 exposure days) and until weaning for the females (around 143 exposure days). No effects on reproductive organs, reproductive performance or fertility were reported. At the highest dose, narcotic effects were noted in parental animals, coinciding with a slight decrease in pup body weight^{Reference 14}.

In another inhalation study, pregnant rats were exposed via inhalation on days 6 through 15 of gestation for 6 hours per day to either 0.1 or 0.36 milligrams per litre (mg/L) (25 and 90 ppm, respectively) of a 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone aerosol. No effect on pregnancy was reported and no abnormalities were detected in the fetuses^{Reference 10}.

In another inhalation study, Wistar rats (10 per sex per dose) were exposed to a 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone aerosol at a concentration of 0, 0.5, 1.0 or 3.0 mg/L for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 3 months. A satellite group (10 rats per sex) was exposed to a 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone aerosol at a concentration of 0 or 3.0 mg/L for 13 weeks followed by a 4-week recovery period. At a concentration of 3.0 mg/L, male rat body weight and body weight gain were significantly decreased and cells in the testes were depleted^{Reference 3}.

In another inhalation study, pregnant rats were exposed via whole-body inhalation to 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone vapours at a concentration of 0, 30, 60 or 120 ppm for 6 hours per day on gestational days 6 through 20. Maternal body weight gain was significantly decreased at a concentration of 60 and 120 ppm and maternal food consumption was reduced at a concentration of 120 ppm. No adverse effects were seen on embryo or fetal viability. There was a concentration-related decrease in fetal body weights which achieved statistical significance at a concentration 120 ppm^{Reference 15}.

In another study, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was dermally applied to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats at a dose of 0, 500, 1 100 or 2 500 mg/kg-bw/day on days 6 through 15 of gestation. At the highest dose, 4 out of 5 females died before day 20. At a dose of 1 100 mg/kg-bw/day, all but 1 of 66 fetuses were resorbed. Females treated at this dose gained significantly less body weight. In the 500 mg/kg-bw/day dose group, no effects on reproduction, dam body weights or fetal development were observed^{Reference 16}. Another dermal study in rats also showed teratogenic effects that the authors ascribed to maternal toxicity^{Reference 17}.

The available data meet the classification criteria for Reproductive Toxicity – Category 1B [HPR 8.7.1(1)].

Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Single Exposure:

Does not meet criteria

Oral Route of Exposure: In an acute toxicity study in Sprague-Dawley rats administered up to 5 560 mg/kg-bw of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone by intubation and observed for 14 days, clinical signs of ataxia and diuresis were only observed at high but sub-lethal doses^{Reference 4}.

Dermal Route of Exposure: In a study similar in design to OECD Test Guideline 402, Sprague-Dawley rats (2 per sex) were exposed to 1 300, 2 500, 5 000 or 10 000 mg/kg-bw of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. Clinical signs of hunched posture and lethargy were observed^{Reference 2}.

Inhalation Route of Exposure: In a study with human volunteers, 6 males were exposed via inhalation to a concentration of 0, 10, 25 or 50 milligrams of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone per cubic metre for 8 hours. Plasma was collected, urine was sampled, measures of nasal volume and airway resistance were taken, and a questionnaire on symptoms was administered, such as for headache, dizziness and nausea. No discomfort, irritating effects, or changes in pulmonary function or nasal volume were measured or reported by the volunteers^{Reference 18}. In a study similar in design to the OECD Test Guideline 403, rats (n=10) were exposed to a concentration of 5.1 mg/L of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone via inhalation for 4 hours. The test substance was described as a mix of vapours and aerosol. Over the 14-day observation period, no mortality or adverse signs of systemic toxicity were reported^{Reference 5}.

Although symptoms of narcotic effects were observed in some animal studies, no such symptoms were reported by volunteers in the available acute human inhalation study. Classification of a substance in Category 3 of this hazard class is primarily based on human data.

The available data do not meet the classification criteria for a category of Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Single Exposure.

Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Repeated Exposure:

Does not meet criteria

Oral Route of Exposure: In an OECD Test Guideline 407-compliant study, mice (5 per sex per dose) were fed a concentration of 0, 500, 2 500, 7 500 or 10 000 ppm of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in the diet for 28 days. The respective approximate mean daily intakes were 0, 130, 720, 2 130 and 2 670 mg/kg-bw/day in males and 0, 180, 920, 2 970 and 4 060 mg/kg-bw/day in females. Cloudy swelling of the epithelia of the distal parts of the renal tubuli was observed in 4 out of 5 males and 3 out of 5 females at 10 000 ppm and in 2 male mice at 7 500 ppm. No other significant signs of systemic toxicity were reported^{Reference 19}. The doses at which the effect occurred are outside the guidance values for classification in a category of this hazard class.

In an OECD Test Guideline 408-compliant study, groups of 20 or 26 rats were fed a concentration of 0, 3 000, 7 500 or 18 000 ppm of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in their diet for approximately 90 days. The approximate respective mean daily intakes were 0, 169, 433 and 1 057 mg/kg-bw/day in males and 0, 217, 565 and 1 344 mg/kg-bw/day in females. Treatment-related adverse effects on body weight, body weight gain, food consumption and food efficiency were noted at intakes of 433/565 and 1 057/1 344 mg/kg-bw/day (males and females), along with changes in 3 neurobehavioural parameters (males only) at the same doses^{Reference 20}. The doses at which the effects occurred are outside the guidance values for classification in a category of this hazard class.

In another OECD Test Guideline 408-compliant study, B6C3F1 mice (10 per sex per dose) were fed a concentration of 1 000, 2 500 or 7 500 ppm of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in feed for 28 days (satellite group) or 90 days (main group). No treatment-related mortality or signs of systemic toxicity were reported other than significantly increased mean liver weights (males only) and reversible changes in clinical biochemistry at a concentration of 2 500 and/or 7 500 ppm (males and females)^{Reference 5}. The corresponding doses at which these effects occurred range from 619 to 2 153 mg/kg-bw/day and are thus outside the guidance values for classification in a category of this hazard class. 

In another OECD Test Guideline 407-compliant study, mice (5 per sex per dose) were fed a concentration of 500, 2 500, 7 500 or 10 000 ppm (160, 820, 2 250 and 3 370 mg/kg-bw/day, respectively) of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in their diet for 28 days. In the highest dose group, 1 male died and changes in clinical biochemistry were noted. Mice in the 2 500-ppm and above exposure groups showed dark yellow stained urine. An increase in the incidence of cloudy swelling of the epithelia in the distal portion of the renal tubules was observed at a concentration of 7 500 ppm and above^{Reference 5}. The doses at which the effects occurred are outside the guidance values for classification in a category of this hazard class.

Dermal Route of Exposure: A chronic dermal toxicity study was conducted in male albino rabbits (2 with intact skin and 2 with abraded skin per dose) exposed to 0, 413, 826 or 1 653 mg/kg-bw/day of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone for 5 days per week for 4 weeks. The study reported a single rabbit death at the high dose but no other significant signs of systemic toxicity^{Reference 5}. The death occurred at a dose outside the guidance values for classification in a category of this hazard class.

Inhalation Route of Exposure: A chronic inhalation study was conducted in ChR-CD rats (15 per sex per concentration) exposed via whole-body inhalation to a concentration of 0, 0.1, 0.5 or 1.0 mg/L (nominal) of a 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone aerosol for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 4 weeks. At the 1 mg/L exposure level, 23 of 30 rats died or were sacrificed in extremis, with clinical signs of lethargy, respiratory distress, lacrimation and fasciculation. The deaths may have resulted from central nervous system depression and cardiac collapse. Rats in the 1 mg/L exposure group exhibited moderate to marked hypoplastic bone marrow, thymic atrophy and splenic atrophy. At a concentration of 0.1 or 0.5 mg/L, lethargy and irregular respiration were observed in a concentration-related manner^{Reference 21}. The no-observed-adverse-effect-concentration (NOAEC) for systemic toxicity is 0.5 mg/L, as the irritative symptoms at that concentration were considered to be slight^{Reference 3}. The lowest-observed-adverse-effect-concentration (LOAEC), 1.0 mg/L, is outside the guidance values for classification in a category of this hazard class.

An OECD Test Guideline 413-compliant study was conducted in Wistar rats (10 per sex per concentration) exposed to a concentration of 0.5, 1.0 or 3 mg/L of a 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone aerosol for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 90 days. Rats in the 3 mg/L exposure group showed clinical signs of upper respiratory tract irritation, general unspecific systemic toxicity, signs of slight liver injury and, in some males, cellular depletion of the germinal epithelium of the testes^{Reference 22}. The concentrations tested in this study are outside the guidance values for classification in a category of this hazard class.

In a chronic inhalation study, rats (120 per sex per concentration) were exposed to a vapour and aerosol mix of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone at a concentration of 0, 0.04 or 0.4 mg/L for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 2 years ^{Reference 10}. The NOAEC was 0.04 mg/L, based on significantly reduced body weight gain in males at the LOAEC of 0.4 mg/L^{Reference 3}. The LOAEC is outside the guidance values for classification in a category of this hazard class.

The available data do not meet the classification criteria for a category of Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Repeated Exposure.

Aspiration Hazard:

No data available

No human data are available and this substance is not a liquid hydrocarbon.

Biohazardous Infectious Materials:

Not applicable

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is not a microorganism, protein or nucleic acid.

Physical hazards

Explosives:

Not evaluated
Explosives are excluded from the HPA and its regulations. Explosives are regulated under the Explosives Act. For more information, visit Natural Resources Canada.

Flammable Gases:

Not applicable

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is not a gas. The classification criteria for Flammable Gases do not apply to this substance.

(Flammable) Aerosols:

Not evaluated

Classification of a hazardous product in the Flammable Aerosols or Aerosols hazard class is product dependent.

Oxidizing Gases:

Not applicable

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is not a gas. The classification criteria for Oxidizing Gases do not apply to this substance.

Gases Under Pressure:

Not applicable

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is not a gas. The classification criteria for Gases Under Pressure do not apply to this substance.

Flammable Liquids:

Category 4

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone has a flashpoint of 86°C (closed cup)^{Reference 23}

The available data meet the classification criteria for Flammable Liquids – Category 4 [HPR 7.6.1(2)].

Flammable Solids:

Not applicable

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is not a solid. The classification criteria for Flammable Solids do not apply to this substance.

Self-reactive Substances and Mixtures:

Does not meet criteria

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone has a boiling point of 204°C^{Reference 24}. Self-reactive substances and mixtures must have a self-accelerating decomposition temperature of ≤75°C to meet the minimum classification criteria of a category of this hazard class [HPR 7.8.1(3)].

The available data do not meet the classification criteria for a category of Self-reactive Substances and Mixtures.

Pyrophoric Liquids:

Does not meet criteria

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone has an auto-ignition temperature of 245°C^{Reference 24}. Pyrophoric liquids react at room temperature.

The available data do not meet the classification criteria for a category of Pyrophoric Liquids.

Pyrophoric Solids:

Not applicable

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is not a solid. The classification criteria for Pyrophoric Solids do not apply to this substance.

Self-heating Substances and Mixtures:

Does not meet criteria

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone has an auto-ignition temperature of 245°C^{Reference 24}, which is well above the maximum spontaneous ignition temperature of 50°C for classification [HPR 7.11.1(3)].

The available data do not meet the classification criteria for a category of Self-heating Substances and Mixtures.

Substances and Mixtures Which, in Contact with Water, Emit Flammable Gases:

Excluded from classification

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone has a chemical structure that does not contain metals or metalloids and is, therefore, excluded from classification [HPR 7.12.1(1)(a)].

Oxidizing Liquids:

No data available

No data are available to determine whether 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone meets the classification criteria for a category of Oxidizing Liquids.

Oxidizing Solids:

Not applicable

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is not a solid. The classification criteria for Oxidizing Solids do not apply to this substance.

Organic Peroxides:

Not applicable

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is not an organic peroxide. The classification criteria for Organic Peroxides do not apply to this substance.

Corrosive to Metals:

No data available

No data are available to determine whether 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone meets the classification criteria for a category of Corrosive to Metals.

Combustible Dusts:

Not applicable

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is not a solid. The classification criteria for Combustible Dusts do not apply to this substance.

Simple Asphyxiants:

Not applicable

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is not a gas. The classification criteria for Simple Asphyxiants do not apply to this substance.

Pyrophoric Gases:

Not applicable

1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is not a gas. The classification criteria for Pyrophoric Gases do not apply to this substance.

Chemicals Under Pressure:

Not evaluated

Classification of a hazardous product in the Chemicals Under Pressure hazard class is product dependent.

Regulatory and other information

Regulatory information:

Hazardous substance assessments are prepared by Health Canada as educational and information resources. Under the HPA, suppliers of hazardous products must, upon the sale or importation of a hazardous product, provide a safety data sheet and label that meet the requirements set out in the HPR.

Other information:

The information and classifications contained in these hazardous substance assessments are based on publicly available sources, such as peer-reviewed literature or reports by international bodies. New information, including proprietary information, could have an impact on the classification of substances or hazardous products containing them. It is the responsibility of the supplier to ensure the accuracy, sufficiency and reliability of their hazardous product classifications.

Last updated:

2024

Prepared by:

Workplace Hazardous Materials Bureau, Health Canada

References