Archived: Air Pollutant Emission Inventory report: chapter 2.7
2.7 Lead (Pb)
In 2016, approximately 170 tonnes (t) of Pb were emitted in Canada (Table 2–9). Ore and mineral industries were the largest contributor at 73% (123 t) of emissions, with the non-ferrous smelting and refining industry accounting for the largest share at 66% (112 t) of total Pb emissions. Transportation and mobile equipment is the second largest contributor at 20% (33 t) of total emissions (almost all of which is from air transportation).
Lead emissions decreased by 87% (1.1 kt) from 1990 to 2016 (Figure 2–7). This decreasing trend coincides with the closure of outdated smelters and that the remaining facilities have prepared and are implementing pollution prevention plans as a result of the publication in 2006 by the Department of a Notice requiring the preparation and implementation of pollution prevention plans. Under this notice, 2008 and 2015 site-specific emission target limits are identified as factors to consider for particulate matter emissions containing metals, including lead. (ECCC 2017). Reductions in emissions from mining and rock quarrying from 1990 to 1998 also influenced the overall trend, as well as emission reductions in air transportation across the time series.
The most significant changes in Pb emissions from 1990 to 2016 include:
- ore and mineral industries: decrease of 89% (1.0 kt)
- non-ferrous smelting and refining industry: decrease of 87% (775 t)
- mining and rock quarrying: decrease of 100% (198 t)
- transportation and mobile equipment: decrease of 58% (46 t)
- air transportation: decrease of 59% (46 t)
Long description for figure 2-7
Figure 2-7 displays the five major sections that contribute to national Pb trends. The following table displays the contributions (t) for the years 1990 to 2016.
| Sector | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sector 1 - Non-Ferrous Mining and Smelting Industry | 886.2295 | 847.4546 | 899.2029 | 476.0795 | 508.2397 | 630.6866 | 704.0448 | 593.6656 | 527.3671297 | 464.7433 | 464.5072 | 397.7291 | 371.2652 | 285.6138 | 230.7876 | 185.5857 | 224.4421 | 216.2719 | 193.5991 | 181.1038 | 140.7979 | 96.23007 | 88.35452 | 74.87469 | 85.46529 | 111.846 | 111.6475 |
| Sector 2 - Iron and Steel Industries | 53.88728 | 53.88728 | 53.88728 | 53.88728 | 53.88728 | 48.50028 | 53.88728 | 46.82728 | 45.49628 | 7.621 | 3.523 | 8.776 | 8.5392 | 18.68436 | 16.59085 | 5.663 | 5.884879 | 6.570455 | 5.986554 | 4.451598 | 6.279741 | 6.095123 | 6.68073 | 5.200465 | 6.109886 | 5.505854 | 5.207447 |
| Sector 3 - Mining and Rock Quarrying | 198.6149 | 207.6751 | 204.7945 | 188.5685 | 174.7891 | 134.016 | 153.5116 | 51.91271 | 18.20195 | 27.85775 | 12.18361 | 14.81495 | 10.5479 | 10.25069 | 11.87176 | 10.73601 | 10.4258 | 11.51198 | 10.78071 | 7.81059 | 10.04172 | 9.594402 | 6.916232 | 2.968335 | 0.732514 | 0.780914 | 0.93777 |
| Sector 4 - Air Transportation | 78.04202 | 59.21492 | 53.32588 | 53.09835 | 52.4894 | 58.65015 | 57.01472 | 53.69685 | 55.4496 | 50.8383 | 51.0682 | 50.12865 | 49.42612 | 44.5816 | 40.66 | 47.12 | 42.085 | 43.89 | 42.6075 | 40.565 | 36.67 | 30.21 | 37.05 | 31.3975 | 27.2175 | 30.9225 | 32.3475 |
| Sector 5 - Other | 72.31104 | 72.26088 | 71.09493 | 68.79812 | 65.4946 | 49.52669 | 40.50006 | 39.5762 | 38.01396315 | 39.33106 | 39.43792 | 54.68941 | 31.23346 | 36.60582 | 30.48258 | 29.22944 | 28.88963 | 28.8985 | 30.11018 | 23.81215 | 25.62826 | 24.25867 | 17.6931 | 15.63408 | 17.71454 | 16.83043 | 18.01884 |
| Source | Sector | 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ore and Mineral Industries | nil | 1 100 000 | 480 000 | 210 000 | 120 000 | 110 000 | 87 000 | 97 000 | 120 000 | 120 000 |
| Ore and Mineral Industries | Aluminium Industry | 84 | 84 | no emissions (-) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Ore and Mineral Industries | Asphalt Paving Industry | 1 400 | 1 200 | 1 200 | 1 300 | 990 | 980 | 1 000 | 1 100 | 1 100 |
| Ore and Mineral Industries | Cement and Concrete Industry | 550 | 610 | 980 | 630 | 620 | 530 | 600 | 870 | 700 |
| Ore and Mineral Industries | Foundries | 2 000 | 2 900 | 1 500 | 440 | 430 | 200 | 180 | 210 | 200 |
| Ore and Mineral Industries | Iron and Steel Industries | 54 000 | 3 500 | 5 700 | 6 100 | 6 700 | 5 200 | 6 100 | 5 500 | 5 200 |
| Ore and Mineral Industries | Iron Ore Industry | - | - | - | 1 800 | 1 900 | 2 100 | 2 700 | 2 600 | 3 300 |
| Ore and Mineral Industries | Mineral Products Industry | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 15 |
| Ore and Mineral Industries | Mining and Rock Quarrying | 200 000 | 12 000 | 11 000 | 9 600 | 6 900 | 3 000 | 730 | 780 | 940 |
| Ore and Mineral Industries | Non-Ferrous Mining and Smelting Industry | 890 000 | 460 000 | 190 000 | 96 000 | 88 000 | 75 000 | 85 000 | 110 000 | 110 000 |
| Oil and Gas Industry | nil | 340 | 300 | 720 | 930 | 990 | 1 100 | 670 | 510 | 580 |
| Oil and Gas Industry | Downstream Oil and Gas Industry | 200 | 81 | 450 | 320 | 320 | 380 | 300 | 320 | 380 |
| Oil and Gas Industry | Upstream Oil and Gas Industry | 140 | 220 | 260 | 610 | 660 | 700 | 370 | 190 | 200 |
| Electric Power Generation (Utilities) | nil | 11 000 | 14 000 | 1 600 | 2 800 | 2 600 | 1 400 | 1 800 | 1 400 | 1 400 |
| Electric Power Generation (Utilities) | Coal | 8 300 | 10 000 | 890 | 2 200 | 2 100 | 860 | 1 200 | 820 | 770 |
| Electric Power Generation (Utilities) | Diesel | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Electric Power Generation (Utilities) | Natural Gas | 430 | 530 | 72 | 160 | 89 | 85 | 93 | 97 | 86 |
| Electric Power Generation (Utilities) | Waste Materials | - | - | 7.0 | 5.1 | 1.6 | 0.27 | 0.38 | 2.9 | 2.8 |
| Electric Power Generation (Utilities) | Other Electric Power Generation | 2 600 | 3 200 | 590 | 450 | 320 | 430 | 490 | 530 | 560 |
| Manufacturing | nil | 49 000 | 14 000 | 17 000 | 11 000 | 4 700 | 4 600 | 6 400 | 5 800 | 6 500 |
| Manufacturing | Abrasives Manufacture | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Manufacturing | Bakeries | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Manufacturing | Biofuel Production | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Manufacturing | Chemicals Industry | 12 000 | 290 | 1 800 | 74 | 72 | 64 | 29 | 27 | 26 |
| Manufacturing | Electronics | 2 000 | 680 | 57 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 2.6 | 2.9 |
| Manufacturing | Food Preparation | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Manufacturing | Glass Manufacture | 22 | 7.4 | 25 | 0.45 | 0.34 | 0.3 | 0.0030 | 0.0020 | 0.0016 |
| Manufacturing | Grain Industries | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Manufacturing | Metal Fabrication | 28 000 | 7 800 | 10 000 | 8 800 | 2 300 | 2 200 | 3 600 | 1 900 | 3 300 |
| Manufacturing | Plastics Manufacture | 76 | 26 | 24 | 35 | 23 | 0.034 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.8 |
| Manufacturing | Pulp and Paper Industry | 2 100 | 710 | 2 400 | 1 500 | 1 300 | 1 400 | 2 200 | 3 400 | 2 800 |
| Manufacturing | Textiles | - | 0.38 | - | - | 0.0030 | - | - | - | - |
| Manufacturing | Vehicle Manufacture (Engines, Parts, Assembly, Painting) | 960 | 1 900 | 770 | 95 | 61 | 65 | 68 | 68 | 66 |
| Manufacturing | Wood Products | 3 500 | 2 600 | 1 400 | 480 | 860 | 830 | 530 | 340 | 340 |
| Manufacturing | Other Manufacturing Industries | 840 | 290 | 96 | 24 | 15 | 33 | 32 | 25 | 39 |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | nil | 79 000 | 52 000 | 48 000 | 31 000 | 38 000 | 32 000 | 28 000 | 31 000 | 33 000 |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Air Transportation | 78 000 | 51 000 | 47 000 | 30 000 | 37 000 | 31 000 | 27 000 | 31 000 | 32 000 |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Heavy-duty Diesel Vehicles | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Heavy-duty Gasoline Vehicles | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Heavy-duty LPG/NG Vehicles | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Light-duty Diesel Trucks | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Light-duty Diesel Vehicles | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Light-duty Gasoline Trucks | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Light-duty Gasoline Vehicles | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Light-duty LPG/NG Trucks | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Light-duty LPG/NG Vehicles | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Marine Transportation | 600 | 740 | 830 | 560 | 490 | 420 | 340 | 280 | 280 |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Motorcycles | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Off-road Diesel Vehicles and Equipment | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Off-road Gasoline/LPG/CNG Vehicles and Equipment | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Rail Transportation | 310 | 290 | 290 | 250 | 250 | 240 | 250 | 240 | 220 |
| Transportation and Mobile Equipment | Tire Wear and Brake Lining | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Agriculture | nil | 30 | 30 | 26 | 64 | 59 | 61 | 69 | 55 | 53 |
| Agriculture | Animal Production | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Agriculture | Crop Production | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Agriculture | Fuel Use | 30 | 30 | 26 | 64 | 59 | 61 | 69 | 55 | 53 |
| Commercial / Residential / Institutional | nil | 6 300 | 4 800 | 4 600 | 3 900 | 4 000 | 3 500 | 3 200 | 3 200 | 3 200 |
| Commercial / Residential / Institutional | Cigarette Smoking | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Commercial / Residential / Institutional | Commercial and Institutional Fuel Combustion | 250 | 290 | 420 | 920 | 1 000 | 510 | 230 | 250 | 240 |
| Commercial / Residential / Institutional | Commercial Cooking | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Commercial / Residential / Institutional | Construction Fuel Combustion | 10 | 4.9 | 11 | 9.0 | 8.5 | 7.5 | 7.3 | 7.7 | 6.7 |
| Commercial / Residential / Institutional | Home Firewood Burning | 3 500 | 3 200 | 2 600 | 2 700 | 2 700 | 2 700 | 2 600 | 2 600 | 2 600 |
| Commercial / Residential / Institutional | Human | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Commercial / Residential / Institutional | Marine Cargo Handling | 2 000 | 970 | 1 200 | 9.1 | 2.9 | 59 | 20 | 9.8 | 41 |
| Commercial / Residential / Institutional | Residential Fuel Combustion | 490 | 410 | 390 | 350 | 310 | 290 | 300 | 280 | 250 |
| Commercial / Residential / Institutional | Service Stations | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Commercial / Residential / Institutional | Other Miscellaneous Sources | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Incineration and Waste | nil | 200 | 110 | 620 | 530 | 710 | 540 | 550 | 560 | 510 |
| Incineration and Waste | Crematoriums | 2.0 | 2.8 | 3.6 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.4 |
| Incineration and Waste | Waste Incineration | 200 | 110 | 500 | 470 | 470 | 470 | 480 | 470 | 470 |
| Incineration and Waste | Waste Treatment and Disposal | - | - | 120 | 56 | 240 | 66 | 69 | 88 | 44 |
| Paints and Solvents | nil | 4.3 | 6.3 | - | - | - | 0.06 | 0.0023 | - | - |
| Paints and Solvents | Dry Cleaning | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Paints and Solvents | General Solvent Use | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Paints and Solvents | Printing | 4.3 | 6.3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Paints and Solvents | Surface Coatings | - | - | - | - | - | 0.06 | 0.0023 | - | - |
| Dust | nil | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Dust | Coal Transportation | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Dust | Construction Operations | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Dust | Mine Tailings | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Dust | Paved Roads | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Dust | Unpaved Roads | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Fires | nil | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Fires | Prescribed Forest Burning | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Fires | Structural Fires | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Grand Total | nil | 1 300 000 | 570 000 | 280 000 | 170 000 | 160 000 | 130 000 | 140 000 | 170 000 | 170 000 |
Notes:
totals may not add up due to rounding
- denotes no emissions
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