Mapleleaf mussel (Quadrula quadrula) COSEWIC assessment and status report: chapter 15
Information Sources
Allen, W.R. 1914. The food and feeding habits of freshwater mussels. Biological Bulletin 27: 127-14.
Allen, W.R. 1921. Studies of the biology of freshwater mussels. Biological Bulletin 40: 210-241.
Andreae, M., pers. comm. 1998. Verbal correspondence to J. Metcalfe-Smith. March 1998. Biologist, St. Clair Region Conservation Authority, Strathroy, Ontario.
Augspurger, T., A.E. Keller, M.C. Black, W.G. Cope and F.J. Dwyer. 2003. Water quality guidance for protection of freshwater mussels (Unionidae) from Ammonia exposure. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 22: 2569-2575.
Baker, F.C. 1918. The relation of shellfish to fish in Oneida Lake, New York. New York State College of Forestry at Syracuse University, Circular (21): 11-34.
Baker, S.M., and D.J. Hornbach. 1997. Acute physiological effects of zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) infestation on two unionid mussels, Actinonaias ligamentina and Amblema plicata. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54:412-519.
Bartsch, M.R., T.J. Newton, J.W. Allran, J.A. O’Donnell, and W.B Richardson. 2003. Effects of pore-water ammonia on in situ survival and growth of juvenile mussels (Lampsilis cardium) in the St. Croix riverway, Wisconsin, USA. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 22: 2561-2568.
Berg, D.J., E.G. Cantonwine, W.R. Hoeh, and S.I. Guttman. 1998. Genetic structure of Quadrula quadrula (Bivalvia: Unionidae): little variation across large distances. Journal of Shellfish Research. 17: 1365-1373.
Bourne, A., N. Armstrong, and G. Jones. 2002. A preliminary estimate of total nitrogen and total phosphorus loading to streams in Manitoba, Canada. Water Quality Management Section. Manitoba Conservation Report No. 2002 – 04. 49 pp.
Carney, J.P. 2003a. Freshwater mussels (Mollusca: Unionidae) in the Assiniboine, Souris and Pembina Rivers, Manitoba: demographics, reproduction and parasitisim. Data report submitted to the Province of Manitoba Conservation Data Centre. 56 pp.
Carney, J.P. 2003b. Freshwater mussels (Mollusca: Unionidae) in the Souris and Pembina Rivers, North Dakota: demographics and parasitism. Data report submitted to the State of North Dakota Game and Fish Department.
Carney, J.P. 2004a. Distributions of freshwater mussels (Mollusca: Unionidae) in the Brokenhead, Birch, La Salle, Roseau and Red Rivers in Manitoba. Data report submitted to the Province of Manitoba Conservation Department. 27 pp.
Carney, J.P. 2004b. A survey of the freshwater mussel (Bivalvia: Unionidae) fauna of the Assiniboine River in Spruce Woods Provincial Park. Data report submitted to the Province of Manitoba Conservation Department and Manitoba Parks. 14 pp.
Ceas, P. 2001. Collection and translocation of mussels from two township bridge reconstruction corridors in Otter Tail County, Minnesota. Final report submitted to the Natural Heritage and Nongame Research Program, Minnesota Department of Natural Resouces. 12 pp.
CESCC (Canadian Endangered Species Conservation Council. 2004. Wild Species: the General Status of Species in Canada. Web site: http://www.wildspecies.ca [accessed November 2004].
Christian, A.D. and B.N. Smith. 2004. Trophic position and potential food sources of 2 species of unionid bivalves (Mollusca: Unionidae) in 2 small Ohio streams. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 23: 101-113.
Churchill, E.P., and S.I. Lewis. 1924. Food and feeding in fresh-water mussels. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Fisheries [Document 963] 39: 439-471.
Cicerello, R.R., and G.A. Schuster. 2003. A Guide to the Freshwater Mussels of Kentucky. Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission Scientific and Technical Series 7: 1-62.
Clark, G.R., II. 1980. Study of molluscan shell structure and growth using thin sections. Pp. 603-606. In D.C. Rhoads, and R.A. Lutz (eds.). Skeletal Growth of Aquatic Organisms. Plenum Press, New York, New York, USA. xiii + 750 pp.
Clarke, A.H. 1973. The freshwater molluscs of the Canadian Interior Basin. Malacologia 13(1-2): 1-509.
Clarke, A.H. 1981. The Freshwater Molluscs of Canada. National Museum of Natural Sciences/National Museums of Canada, Ottawa, Canada. 446 pp.
Clarke, A.H. 1992. Ontario’s Sydenham River, an important refugium for native freshwater mussels against competition from the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha. Malacology Data Net 3: 43-55.
Convey, L.E., J.M. Hanson, and W.C. MacKay. 1989. Size-selective predation on unionid clams by muskrats. Journal of Wildlife Management 53: 654-657.
Crossman, E.J., and J.H. Leach. 1979. First Canadian record of a flathead catfish. Canadian Field-Naturalist 93: 179-180.
Cummings, K.S., and C.A. Mayer. 1992. Field Guide to Freshwater Mussels of the Midwest. Illinois Natural History Survey Manual 5. xii + 194 pp.
Cvancara, A.M. 1970. Mussels (Unionidae) of the Red River Valley in North Dakota and Minnesota USA Malacologia. 10: 57-92.
Cvancara, A.M. 1983. Aquatic Mollusks of North Dakota. Report of Investigation No. 78 North Dakota Geological Survey. Fargo, ND. v + 141 pp.
Davis, G.M. 1984. Genetic relationships among some North American Unionidae (Bivalvia): sibling species, convergence, and cladistic relationships. Malacologia 25: 629-648.
Davis, G.M., and S.L.H. Fuller. 1981. Genetic relationships among recent Unionacea (Bivalvia) of North America. Malacologia 20: 217-253.
Davis, G.M, W.H. Heard, S.L.H. Fuller, and C. Hesterman. 1981. Molecular genetics and speciation in Elliptio and its relationships to other taxa of North American Unionidae (Bivalvia). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 15: 131-150.
Detweiler, J.D. 1918. The pearly fresh-water mussels of Ontario. Contributions to Canadian Biology, Supplement to the 7th Annual Report, Sessional Paper No. 38, Fisheries Branch, Department of Naval Service:75-91.
Duncan, J.R. 1999. Conservation status ranks of the freshwater mussels (Unionidae) of Manitoba. Manitoba Conservation Data Centre MS Report Number 99-1, Winnipeg, Manitoba. 6 pp.
Ecological Specialists, Inc. 1999. Final report: Unionid survey in the western basin of Lake Erie near the Bass Islands and southwest shore. Prepared for: Ohio Division of Wildlife – Department of Natural Resources, Columbus, Ohio and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Reynoldsburg, Ohio. 22 pp.
Esch, G.W. and J.C. Fernandez. 1993. A Functional Biology of Parasitism. Ecological and Evolutionary Implications. Chapman and Hall, London, U.K. xiii + 337 pp.
Fuller, S.L.H. 1974. Clams and Mussels (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Pp. 215-273. In C.W. Hart, Jr., and S.L.H. Fuller (eds.). Pollution Ecology of Freshwater Invertebrates. Academic Press, New York, New York, USA xiv. + 389 pp.
Gatenby, C.M., R.J. Neves, and B.C. Parker. 1993. Preliminary observations from a study to culture recently metamorphosed mussels. Bulletin of the North American Benthological Society 10: 128 [abstract].
Gillis, P.L., and G.L. Mackie. 1994. Impact of the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, on populations of Unionidae (Bivalvia) in Lake St. Clair. Canadian Journal of Zoology 72:1260-1271.
Gordon, M.J., B.K. Swan, and C.G. Patterson. 1978. Baeoctenus bicolor(Diptera: Chironomidae) parasitic in unionid bivalve molluscs, and notes on other chironomid-bivalve associations. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada35: 154-157.
Graf, D.L., and D. Ó’Foighil. 2000. The evolution of brooding characters among the freshwater pearly mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoidea) of North America. Journal of Molluscan Studies 66: 157-170.
GRCA (Grand River Conservation Authority). 1997. State of the Grand River watershed: focus on watershed issues 1996-1997. Grand River Conservation Authority, Cambridge, Ontario. 36 pp.
GRCA (Grand River Conservation Authority). 1998. State of the watershed report: background report on the health of the Grand River watershed, 1996-97. Grand River Conservation Authority, Cambridge, Ontario. 143 pp.
Haag, W.R., D.J. Berg, D.W. Garton, and J.L. Farris. 1993. Reduced survival and fitness in native bivalves in response to fouling by the introduced zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) in western Lake Erie. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50:13-19.
Haag, W.R., and J.L. Staton. 2003. Variation in fecundity and other reproductive traits in freshwater mussels. Freshwater Biology 48: 2118-2130.
Hanson, J.M., W.C. MacKay, and E.E. Prepas. 1989. Effect of size-selective predation by muskrats (Ondatra zebithicus) on a population of unionid clams (Anodonta grandis simpsonianus). Journal of Animal Ecology 58: 5-28.
Hart, R.A. 1995. Mussel (Bivalvia: Unionidae) habitat suitability criteriafor the Otter Tail River, Minnesota. M.Sc. Thesis, North Dakota State University. 60+ pp.
Hay, R., D. Heath, and L. Kitchel. 2003. Freshwater Mussels of the Upper Mississippi River. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. 60 pp.
Hendrix, S.S., M.F. Vidrine, and R.H. Hartenstine. 1985. A list of records of freshwater aspidogastrids (Trematoda) and their hosts in North America. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 52: 289-296.
Howard, A.D. 1951. A river mussel parasitic on a salamander. The Chicago Academy of Sciences. Natural History Miscellanea No. 77. 6 pp.
Howard, A.D., and B.J. Anson. 1922. Phases in the parasitism of the Unionidae. Journal of Parasitology 9: 68-82.
Imlay, M.J., and M.L. Paige. 1972. Laboratory growth of freshwater sponges, unionid mussels, and sphaeriid clams. Progressive Fish-Culturist 34: 210-216.
The IUCN Species Survival Commission. 2004. Web site accessed November 2004.
Johnson, R.L., F.Q. Liang and J.L. Farris. 1998a. Genetic diversity among four Amblemini species (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in the Cache and White Rivers, Arkansas. Southwestern Naturalist 43: 321-332.
Johnson, R.L., F.Q. Liang and J.L. Farris. 1998b. Genetic relationships of several Amblemini species (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in Arkansas. Journal of Shellfish Research 17: 1237-1242.
Johnson, R.L., F.Q. Liang and J.L. Farris. 1998c. Genetic diversity and celluloytic activity among several species of unionid bivalves in Arkansas. Journal of Shellfish Research 17: 1375-1382.
Jones, G., and N. Armstrong. 2001. Long-term trends in total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations in Manitoba streams. Water Quality Management Section, Water Branch. Manitoba Conservation Branch Report No. 2001 – 07. 154 pp.
Kidd, B.T. 1973. Unionidae of the Grand River drainage, Ontario, Canada. M.Sc. dissertation, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. 172 pp.
Krebs, R.A., R.N. Vlascean, and M.J. Shaw. 2003. An analysis of diversity in freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) of the Cayuhoga and Rocky River watersheds (Ohio, USA) based on the 16S rRNA gene. Journal of Great Lakes Research 29: 307-316.
Lee, D.S., C.R. Gilbert, C.H. Hocutt, R.E. Jenkins, D.E. McAllister, and J.R. Stauffer, Jr. 1980. Atlas of North American Freshwater Fishes. North Carolina Biological Survey Publication 1980-12. North Carolina State Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA ix + 854 pp.
Lefevre, G. and W.C. Curtis. 1910. Experiments in the artificial propagation of freshwater mussels. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries 28: 615-626.
Lydeard, C., M. Mulvey, and G.M. Davis. 1996. Molecular systematics and evolution of reproductive traits of North American freshwater unionacean mussels (Mollusca: Bivalvia) as inferred from 16S rRNA gene sequences. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 351: 1593-1603.
Mackie, G.L. and J.M. Topping. 1998. Historical changes in the Unionid fauna of the Sydenham River watershed and downstream changes in shell morphometrics of three common species. Canadian Field-Naturalist 102: 617-626.
Manitoba Conservation. 2000. Development of a Nutrient Management Stretgy for Surface Waters in Southern Manitoba. Water Quality Management Section, Manitoba Conservation, Winnipeg, MB. Information Bulletin 2000-2E. 10 pp.
Maskant, K. 2004. Zebra mussels found in the Thames. Thames Strategy Newsletter. Winter 2003-2004: 2.
Meffe, G.K. and C.R. Carroll. 1997. Principles of Conservation Biology, 2nd ed.Sinauer Associates Inc. Sunderland Massachusetts, USA 729 pp.
Metcalfe-Smith, J.L., J. Di Maio, S.K. Staton, and S.R. de Solla. 2003. Status of the freshwater mussel communities of the Sydenham River, Ontario, Canada. American Midland Naturalist 150: 37-50.
Metcalfe-Smith, J.L., J. Di Maio, S.K. Staton, and G.L. Mackie. 2000a. Effect of sampling effort on the efficiency of the timed search method for sampling freshwater mussel communities. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 19(4):725-732.
Metcalfe-Smith, J.L., G.L. Mackie, J. Di Maio, and S.K. Staton. 2000b. Changes over time in the diversity and distribution of freshwater mussels (Unionidae) in the Grand River, southwestern Ontario. Journal of Great Lakes Research 26(4): 445-459.
Metcalfe-Smith, J.L., D.J. McGoldrick, M. Williams, D.W. Schloesser, J. Biberhofer, G.L. Mackie, M.T. Arts, D.T. Zanatta, K. Johnson, P. Marangelo, and T.D. Spencer. 2004. Status of a refuge for native freshwater mussels (Unionidae) from impacts of the exotic zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) in the delta area of Lake St. Clair. Environment Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, Ontario. NWRI Technical Note No. AEI-TN-04-001. 50 pp.
Metcalfe-Smith, J.L., S.K. Staton, G.L. Mackie, and N.M. Lane. 1998a. Selection of candidate species of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) to be considered for national status designation by COSEWIC. Canadian Field-Naturalist 112(3): 425-440.
Metcalfe-Smith, J.L., S.K. Staton, G.L. Mackie and I.M. Scott. 1999. Range, population stability and environmental requirements of rare species of freshwater mussels in southern Ontario. Environment Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, Ontario. NWRI Contribution Bo. 99-058. 91 pp.
Metcalfe-Smith, J.L., S.K. Staton, G.L. Mackie and E.L. West. 1998b. Assessment of the current conservation status of rare species of freshwater mussels in southern Ontario. Environment Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, Ontario. NWRI Contribution No. 98-019. 84 pp.
Metcalfe-Smith, J.L., and D.T. Zanatta. 2003. Development of a monitoring program for tracking the recovery of endangered freshwater mussels in the Sydenham River, Ontario: Report on activities in Year 1 (2002-03). Environment Canada, National Water Research Institute, Burlington, Ontario. NWRI Technical Note No. AEI-TN-03-001. 48 pp.
Michelson, E.H. 1970. Aspidogaster conchicola from freshwater gastropods in the United States. Journal of Parasitology 56: 709-712.
Miura, T., and T. Yamashiro. 1990. Size selective feeding of Anodonta calipygos, a phytoplanktivorous freshwater bivalve, and viability of egested algae. Japanese Journal of Limnology 51: 73-78.
Morris, T.J. 1996. The unionid fauna of the Thames River drainage, southwestern Ontario. Prepared for Aquatic Ecosystems Branch, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 59 pp.
Morris, T.J., and J. Di Maio. 1998-1999. Current distributions of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in rivers of southwestern Ontario. Malacological Review 31/32(1)9-17.
Mummert, A.K., R.J. Neves, T.J. Newcomb, and D.S. Cherry. 2003. Sensitivity of juvenile freshwater mussels (Lampsilis fasciola, Villosa iris) to total and un-ionized ammonia. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 22: 2545-2553.
Nakato, T., J. Christensen, and L.A. Carver. 2005. Size and age distributions of freshwater mussels consumed by muskrats in the Mississippi River near Fairport, Iowa. Poster Presentation. Freshwater Mollusk Conservation Society 4th Biennial Symposium. May 15-18, 2005. St. Paul, MN.
Nalepa, T.F., D.J. Hartson, G.W. Gostenik, D.L. Fanslow, and G.A. Lang. 1996. Changes in the freshwater mussel community of Lake St. Clair from Unionidae to Dreissena polymorpha in eight years. Journal of Great Lakes Research 22(2):354-369.
NatureServe. 2004. Web site: accessed November 200].
Neel, J.K. 1941. A taxonomic study of Quadrula quadrula(Rafinesque). Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan 448: 1-8, 1 plate.
Nelson, M., M. Veliz, S. Staton, and E. Dolmage. 2003. Towards a recovery strategy for Species at Risk in the Ausable River: Synthesis of background information. Prepared for the Ausable River Recovery Team. 92 pp.
Neves, R.J., and S.N. Moyer. 1988. Evaluation of techniques for age determination of freshwater mussels (Unionidae). American Malacological Bulletin 6: 179-188.
Neves, R.J., and M.C. Odum. 1989. Muskrat predation on endangered freshwater mussels in Virginia. Journal of Wildlife Management 53: 934-941.
Nichols, S.J. and D. Garling. 2000. Food-web dynamics and trophic-level interactions in a multispecies community of freshwater unionids. Canadian Journal of Zoology 78: 871-882.
Nichols, S.J. and D.A. Wilcox. 1997. Burrowing saves Lake Erie clams. Nature 389:921.
Parmalee, P.W., and A.E. Bogan. 1998. The Freshwater Mussels of Tennessee. The University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville, Tennessee. Xi + 328 pp.
Pip, E. 1995. Cadmium, lead and copper in freshwater mussels from the Assiniboine River, Manitoba, Canada. Journal of Molluscan Studies 61: 295-302.
Pip, E. 2000. The decline of freshwater mollusks in southern Manitoba. Canadian Field-Naturalist 114: 555-560.
Raikow, D.F. and S.K. Hamilton. 2001. Bivalve diets in a midwestern U.S. stream: a stable isotope enrichment study. Limnology and Oceanography 46: 514-522.
Scaife, B. and L. Janusz. 1992. A survey of freshwater mussels on the Assiniboine River, September 1992. Manitoba Department of Natural Resources Fisheries Branch MS Report No. 92-02. v + 24 p.
Schloesser, D.W., W.P. Kovalak, G.D. Longdon, K.L. Ohnesorg, and R.D. Smithee. 1998. Impact of zebra and quagga mussels (Dreissena spp.) on freshwater unionids (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in the Detroit River of the Great Lakes. The American Midland Naturalist 140(2):299-313.
Schloesser, D.W., J.L. Metcalfe-Smith, W.P. Kovalak, G.D. Longton, and R.D. Smithee. Extirpation of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from the Detroit River of the Great Lakes following the invasion of dreissenid mussels. (submitted to The American Midland Naturalist).
Schloesser, D.W., and T.F.Nalepa. 1994. Dramatic decline of unionid bivalves in offshore waters of western Lake Erie after infestation by the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51:2234-2242.
Schloesser, D.W., T.F. Nalepa, and G.W. Mackie. 1996. Zebra mussel infestation of unionid bivalves in North America. American Zoologist 36: 300-310.
Schwebach, M., D. Schriever, V. Kanodia, N. Dillon, M. Hove, M. McGill, C. Nelson, J. Thomas, and A. Kapuscinski. 2002. Channel catfish is a suitable host for Mapleleaf glochidia. Ellipsaria 4: 12-13.
Scott, W.B., and E.J. Crossman. 1973. Freshwater Fishes of Canada. Bulletin 184. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa, Canada. xi + 966 pp.
Serb, J.M., J.E. Buhay, and C. Lydeard. 2003. Molecular systematics of the North American freshwater bivalve genus Quadrula (Unionidae: Ambleminae) based on mitochondrial ND1 sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 28: 1-11.
Silverman, H., S.J. Nichols, J.S. Cherry, E. Achberger, J.W. Lynn, and T.H. Dietz. 1997. Clearance of laboratory-cultured bacteria by freshwater bivalves: differences between lentic and lotic unionids. Canadian Journal of Zoology 75: 1857-1866.
Snell and Cecile Environmental Research. 1995. Ausable Bayfield Conservation Authority Watershed Management Strategy. Ausable Bayfield Conservation Authority, Exeter, Ontario. 54 pp + appendices.
Staton, S.K., A. Dextrase, J.L. Metcalfe-Smith, J. Di Maio, M. Nelson, J. Parish, B. Kilgour, and E. Holm. 2003. Status and trends of Ontario’s Sydenham River ecosystem in relation to aquatic species at risk. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 88:283-310.
Stewart, K.W. and D.A. Watkinson. 2004. The Freshwater Fishes of Manitoba. University of Manitoba Press, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. 276 pp.
Strayer, D.L. and A.R. Fetterman. 1999. Changes in the distribution of freshwater mussels (Unionidae) in the upper Susquehanna River basin, 1955-1965 to 1996-1997. American Midland Naturalist 142: 328-339.
Strayer, D.L. and D.R. Smith. 2003. A guide to sampling freshwater mussel populations. American Fisheries Society, Monograph 8, Bethesda, Maryland. 103 pp.
Tankersley, R.A. 1996. Multipurpose gills: effect of larval brooding on the feeding physiology of freshwater unionid mussels. Invertebrate Biology 115: 243-255.
Taylor, I., B. Cudmore-Vokey, C. MacCrimmon, S. Madzia, and S. Hohn. 2004. The Thames River Watershed: Synthesis Report (draft). Prepared for the Thames River Recovery Team. 74 pp.
Thames River Background Study Research Team. 1998. The Thames River Watershed: A background study for nomination under the Canadian Heritage Rivers System. Upper Thames River Conservation Authority, London, Ontario. 162 pp.
Turgeon, D.D., J.F. Quinn, Jr., A.E. Bogan, E.V. Coan, F.G. Hochberg, W.G. Lyons, P.M. Mikkelsen, R.J. Neves, C.F.E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F.G. Thompson, M. Vecchione, and J.D. Williams. 1998. Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: mollusks. 2nd edition. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 26, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ix + 526 pp.
Tyrrell, M., and D.J. Hornbach. 1998. Selective predation by muskrats on freshwater mussels in 2 Minnesota rivers. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 17: 301-310.
Vidrine, M.F. 1996. North American Najadicola and Unionicola: Systematics and Coevolution. Gail Q. Vidrine Collectibles, Eunice, Louisiana, USA vi + 145 pp.
Ward, J.E. 1996. Biodynamics of suspension-feeding in adult bivalve mussels: particle capture, processing, and fate. Invertebrate Biology 115: 218-231.
Watson, E.T., L.C. Graham, and W.G. Franzin. 1998. The distribution of Unionidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in the Assiniboine River drainage in Manitoba. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2232: iv + 31 p.
Watters, G.T., and S.H. O’Dee. 1998. Glochidial release as a function of water temperature: beyond bradyticty and tachyticty. Pp 135-140, in Tankersley, R.A., D.I. Warmolts, G.T. Watters, B.J. Armitage, P.D. Johnson, and R.S. Butler (eds.). 2000. Proceedings of the Conservation, Captive Care, and Propagation of Freshwater Mussels Symposium. Freshwater Mollusk Symposia Proceedings. Ohio Biological Survey, Columbus, Ohio. xxi + 274 p.
White, L.R., B.A. McPheron, and J.R. Stauffer, Jr. 1996. Molecular identification tools for the unionids of French Creek, Pennsylvania. Malacologia 38: 181-202.
Williams, C.O. 1942. Observations on the life history and taxonomic relationships of the trematode Aspidogaster conchicola. Journal of Parasitology 28: 467-475.
Yeager, M.M., and D.S. Cherry. 1994. Feeding and burrowing behaviors of juvenile rainbow mussels, Villosa iris(Bivalvia: Unionidae). Journal of the North American Benthological Society 13: 217-222.
Yeager, M.M., D.S. Cherry, and R. Neves. 1993. Interstitial feeding behavior of juvenile unionid mussels. Association of Southeastern Biologists Bulletin 40: 113 [abstract].
Zanatta, D.T., G.L. Mackie, J.L. Metcalfe-Smith, and D.A. Woolnough. 2002. A refuge for native freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from impacts of the exotic zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) in Lake St. Clair. Journal of Great Lakes Research 28(3): 479-489.
Page details
- Date modified: