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Ecological screening assessment report on perfluorooctane sulfonate, salts and precursors: appendix 2

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Appendix 2: PFOS Concentrations in Selected Wildlife in North America and Circumpolar Regions, 1982-2005

Appendix 2 (Type: Mammal): PFOS Concentrations in Selected Wildlife in North America and Circumpolar Regions, 1982-2005
Tissue Species Sampling
Locations		 Sampling
Date		 Reference PFOS (ppb)Footnote a nFootnote b
Min Max Mean SD
Liver Polar bear
(Ursus maritimus)		 East Greenland January, 1999 - September, 2001 Smithwick
et al., 2005		 911 6 340     29Footnote e
Liver Mink
(Mustela vison) 		 Midwestern United States 1999-2000 AR 226-1030a157  93 4 870     30
Liver Mink
(Mustela vison)		 Massachusetts 1999-2000 AR 226-1030a157  87 4 300     31
Liver Mink (Male) Kalamazoo River
watershed,
Michigan, USA		 2000-2001 Kannan
et al., 2005		 1 280 59 500 18 000   7
Liver Mink (Female) Kalamazoo River
watershed,
Michigan, USA		 2000-2001 Kannan
et al., 2005		   41     1
Liver Polar bear 
(Ursus maritimus) 		 Canadian Arctic February 2002 Martin et al, 2004a 1 700 >4 000     7
Liver Polar bear
(Ursus maritimus)		 South Hudson Bay
(Sanikiluaq)Footnote c		 2002 Smithwick et al., 2005 2 000 3 770Footnote c     NR
Liver Mink
(Mustela vison)		 South Carolina 1999-2000 AR 226-1030a157  65 3 110     9
Liver Polar bear
(Ursus maritimus)		 High Arctic (Resolute,
Grise Fjord, and Pond
Inlet, NWT)		 February -
May, 2002		 Smithwick
et al., 2005		 263 2 410 1 170   26Footnote e
Liver Polar bear
(Ursus maritimus)		 North West Territories 2001 Smithwick
et al., 2005		 982 2 160 1 320   7
Liver Polar bear
(Ursus maritimus)		 South Baffin Island
(Pangnirtung, Qikiqtarjuaq,
Iqualuit, and Kimmirut,
NWT)Footnote c		 February -
May, 2002		 Smithwick
et al., 2005		 977 2 100Footnote c 1 390   26Footnote e
Liver Polar bear
(Ursus maritimus)		 Svalbard, Norway   Smithwick et al., 2005 756 1 990 1 290    
Liver Bottlenose dolphin
(Tursiops truncates)		 Florida Coastal Waters September,
1991-March, 2000		 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 48.2 1 520 489 356 20
Liver Polar bear
(Ursus maritimus)		 Chukchi Sea (Chukchi
and Bearing Seas, Alaska)		 2001 Smithwick et al., 2005 435 1 480     7
Liver Arctic fox
(Alopex lagopus)		 Canadian Arctic March, 2001 Martin
et al., 2004a		 6.1 1 400     10
Liver Polar bear
(Ursus maritimus) 		 Beaufort Sea, Alaska 1993-2002 Kannan
et al., 2005		 502 1 130 793 195 8
Liver Polar bear
(Ursus maritimus) 		 Chukchi Sea, Alaska 1994-2002 Kannan
et al., 2005		 137 1 020 537 204 27
Liver River otter
(Lutra canadensis)		 Washington and
Oregon, USA		 1999-2000 AR 226-1030a157  34 994Footnote f     5
Liver River otter
(Lutra canadensis)		 West Coast, USA 1996-1997 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 33.6 994Footnote f 329   5
Liver Polar bear
(Ursus maritimus) 		 Barrow and other
sites in Alaska		 1990-2000 AR 226-1030a160 175 678Footnote f     17
Liver Polar bear 
(Ursus maritimus)		 Alaska, USA December, 1997
-June, 1999		 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 175 678Footnote f 350   17
Liver Striped dolphin
(Stenella coeruleoalba)		 Florida Coastal Waters September,
1994 -
July, 1997		 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 36.6 388 212   2
Liver Mink
(Mustela vison)		 Louisiana 1999-2000 AR 226-1030a157  40 318     7
Liver Short-snouted spinner
dolphin
(Stenella clymene)		 Florida Coastal Waters June, 1995 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 78.7 168 123 36.3 3
Liver Ringed seal
(Phoca hispida) 		 East Greenland
(Ittoqqortoormiit)		 1999 Bossi
et al., 2005		 13.7 130.5     10
Liver Ringed seal
(Phoca hispida) 		 East Greenland
(Ittoqqortoormiit)		 2003 Bossi
et al., 2005		 61.0 130.0     10
Liver Northern fur seal
(Callorhinus ursinus)		 Pribilof Islands, Alaska 1990-2000 AR 226-1030a160 <10 122Footnote f     13
Liver Northern fur seal
(Callorhinus ursinus)		 Alaska, USA 1995 - 1998 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 <10 122Footnote f     13
Liver Ringed seal
(Phoca hispida) 		 West Greenland
(Qeqertarsuaq)		 1994 Bossi
et al., 2005		 18.9 77.3     9
Liver Ringed seal
(Phoca hispida) 		 East Greenland
(Ittoqqortoormiit)		 1986 Bossi
et al., 2005		 10.1 71.2     8
Liver Rough-toothed dolphin
(Steno bredanensis)		 Florida Coastal Waters November,
1995		 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 42.8 65.6 54.2   2
Liver Harbor seal 
(Phoca vitulina)		 West Coast, USA 1991-October,
1997		 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 10.3 57.1 27.1   3
Liver Ringed seal
(Phoca hispida) 		 East Greenland
(Ittoqqortoormiit)		 1994 Bossi
et al., 2005		 14.6 53.2     8
Liver California sea lion
(Zalophis californianus)		 West Coast, USA August, 1993-November,
1997		 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 4.6 49.4 26.6   6
Liver Ringed seal
(Phoca hispida) 		 West Greenland (Qeqertarsuaq) 2003 Bossi
et al., 2005		 14.0 49.0     10
Liver Ringed seal
(Phoca hispida)		 Canadian Arctic Spring 1998 Martin
et al., 2004a		 10 37     10
Liver Ringed seal
(Phoca hispida) 		 West Greenland (Qeqertarsuaq) 1999 Bossi
et al., 2005		 14.6 36.7     10
Liver Ringed seal
(Phoca hispida) 		 West Greenland (Qeqertarsuaq) 1982 Bossi
et al., 2005		 5.8 23.3     10
Liver Ringed seal
(Phoca hispida)		 Canadian Arctic 2001 Martin
et al., 2004a		 8.6 23     9
Liver Pygmy sperm whale
(Kogia breviceps)		 Florida Coastal Waters August, 1994-February, 2000 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 6.6 23.0 14.8   2
Liver Mink
(Mustela vison)		 Canadian Arctic Winter 2001;
Winter 2002		 Martin
et al., 2004a		 1.3 20     10
Liver Narwhale
(Monodon monoceros)		 Cape Dorset 2000 Tomy
et al., 2004		 5.4 17.7 10.9 2.3 5
Liver Beluga whale
(Delphinapterus leucas)		 Grise Fjord 1996 Tomy
et al., 2004		 9.8 15.8 12.6 1.1 5
Liver Southern sea otter
(Enhydra lutris nereis)		 West Coast, USA February, 1993-October, 1994 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 <5 14.3 8.9   8
Liver Elephant seal    
(Mirounga augustirostris)		 West Coast, USA January, 1991-
May, 1997		 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 <5 9.8 9.3   5
Liver Walrus
(Odobenus rosmarus)		 Frobisher Bay, Iqualuit 1998 Tomy
et al., 2004		 1.4 3.6 2.4 0.4 5
Liver Northern fur seal
(Callorhinus ursinus)		 West Coast, USA October, 1997 Kannan
et al., 2001a		     133   NR
Kid-
ney		 Southern sea otter
(Enhydra lutris nereis)		 West Coast, USA March, 1993
-August, 1994		 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 <35       3
Brain Southern sea otter
(Enhydra lutris nereis)		 West Coast, USA March, 1993-February, 1994 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 <35       2
Blood Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncates) Charleston, SC August, 2003 Houde
et al., 2005		 472 3 073 1 171 93 47
Blood Bottlenose dolphins
(Tursiops truncates)		 Indian River Lagoon, FL July, 2003 Houde
et al., 2005		 69 2 010 462 82 42
Blood Bottlenose dolphins
(Tursiops truncates)		 Sarasota Bay, FL June, 2003 Houde
et al., 2005		 194 1 715 658 131 13
Blood Bottlenose dolphins
(Tursiops truncates)		 Delaware Bay, NJ September,
2003		 Houde
et al., 2005		 232 1 240 646 174 5
Blood Grey seal
(Halichoerus grypus)		 Baltic Sea 1990-2000 AR 226-1030a160 14 76     16
Blood Polar bear 
(Ursus maritimus)		 Alaska, USA 1999 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 26 52Footnote f 34   14
Blood Polar bear
(Ursus maritimus)		 Barrow and other
sites in Alaska		 1990-2000 AR 226-1030a160 26 52Footnote f     14
Blood Grey seal
(Halichoerus grypus) 		 Sable Island, Canada 1990-2000 AR 226-1030a160 <13 49     12
Blood Ringed seal
(Phoca hispida) 		 Baffin Island, Canada 1990-2000 AR 226-1030a160 <3.13 12     16
Blood Northern fur seal pup
(Callorhinus ursinus)		 Alaska, USA 1995 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 <6 12     19
Blood Ringed seal 
(Phoca hispida)		 Northern Baltic
Sea (Bothnian Bay)		 1998 Kannan
et al., 2001a		     242 142 10
Blood Ringed seal 
(Phoca hispida)		 Northern Baltic
Sea (Bothnian Bay)		 1996 Kannan
et al., 2001a		     133 47 10
Blood Ringed seal 
(Phoca hispida)		 Northern Baltic
Sea (Bothnian Bay)		 1997 Kannan
et al., 2001a		     92 81 9
Blood Gray seal 
(Halichoerus grypus)		 Northern Baltic
Sea (Bothnian Bay)		 1997 Kannan
et al., 2001a		     43.9 19 10
Blood Gray seal 
(Halichoerus grypus)		 Northern Baltic
Sea (Bothnian Bay)		 1996 Kannan
et al., 2001a		     42 21 9
Blood Gray seal 
(Halichoerus grypus)		 Sable Island (Canada) 1998 Kannan
et al., 2001a		     27.7 11 12
Blood Gray seal 
(Halichoerus grypus)		 Northern Baltic
Sea (Bothnian Bay)		 1998 Kannan
et al., 2001a		     25.5 9.6 7
Blood Ringed seal 
(Phoca hispida)		 Arctic (Spitsbergen) 1998 Kannan
et al., 2001a		     10.1 2.7 8
Blood Ringed seal 
(Phoca hispida)		 Arctic (Spitsbergen) 1996 Kannan
et al., 2001a		     8.1 2.5 10
Blood Northern fur seal adult
(Callorhinus ursinus)		 Alaska, USA 1995 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 <6       10
Blood Northern fur seal subadult
(Callorhinus ursinus)		 Alaska, USA 1995 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 <6       7
Blood Northern fur seal
(Callorhinus ursinus)		 Alaska, USA 1995 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 <6       8
Blood Steller sea lion Alaska, USA 1999 Kannan
et al., 2001a		 <6       12
Plasma Loggerhead sea turtle
(Caretta caretta)		 Core Sound (North Carolina),
South Carolina.
Georgia, and Florida		 June-July, 2003 Keller
et al., 2005		 1.4 96.8 11 17.2 73
Plasma Snapping Turtle
(Chelydra serpentina)		 Kalamazoo
River watershed,
Michigan, USA		 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		 105 169 137   2
Plasma Snapping Turtle
(Chelydra serpentina)		 Kalamazoo
River watershed,
Michigan, USA		 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		 <1 8.8 6.13   3
Plasma Kemp’s Ridley sea turtle
(Lepidochelys kempii)		 Core Sound (North Carolina),
South Carolina.
Georgia, and Florida		 June, 2003 Keller
et al., 2005		 13.8 60.2 39.4 17.1 6
Appendix 2 (Type: Bird): PFOS Concentrations in Selected Wildlife in North America and Circumpolar Regions, 1982-2005
Tissue Species Sampling
Locations		 Sampling
Date		 Reference PFOS (ppb)Footnote a nFootnote b
Min Max Mean SD
Liver Brandt’s cormorant California, USA June, 1997 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 46 1 780     2
Liver Red-throated loon Various Locations,
USA		 February, 1998
-May, 1998		 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 34 1 120     3
Liver Bald Eagle
(Haliaeetus leucocephalus)		 Upper Peninsula of
Michigan, USA		 2000 Kannan
et al., 2005		 26.5 1 740     6
Liver White pelican Various Locations,
USA		 November, 1996-
August, 1997		 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 30 1 120     6
Liver Great egret Various Locations,
USA		 May, 1996-February, 1998 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 27 1 030     7
Liver Osprey Various Locations,
USA		 September, 1996-October, 1997 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 42 959     4
Liver Great blue heron St. Martinville,
Los Angeles, USA		 June, 1996 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 162 916     2
Liver Great black-backed gull Carteret County,
NC, USA		 January, 1998-March, 1998 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 187 841     2
Liver Black-crowned night heron California, USA June, 1997-May, 1998 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 32 648 393   5
Liver Common loon Various Locations,
USA		 November, 1997-December, 1998 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 <12 595     19
Liver Brown pelican Various Locations,
USA		 1997 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 118 533     3
Liver Bald Eagle Various Locations,
USA		 February, 1995-March, 1997 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 24 467     4
Liver Snowy egret Florida, USA July, 1997-
November, 1997		 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 43 413     3
Liver Herring gull Various Locations,
USA		 October, 1996-February, 1998 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 16 353     5
Liver Double crested cormorant St. Martinville,
Los Angeles, USA		 June, 1996 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 51 288     2
Liver Franklin’s gull Red Rocks Lakes,
Beaverhead County,
MT, USA		 July, 1997-
August, 1997		 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 <12 61 40   4
Liver Glaucous gulls
(Larus hyperboreus)		 Northwater Polynya,
Arctic (open water
between Canada
and Greenland)		 April-July,
1998		 Tomy
et al., 2004		 9.9 33.2 20.2 3.9 5
Liver Common loon
(Gavia immer)		 Canadian Arctic 1992 Martin
et al., 2004a		 11 26     5
Liver Black-legged kittiwake
(Rissa tridactyla)		 Northwater Polynya,
Arctic (open water
between Canada
and Greenland)		 April-July,
1998		 Tomy
et al., 2004		 1.2 20 10.0 4.6 4
Liver Northern fulmar
(Fulmarus glacialis) 		 Canadian Arctic 1993 Martin
et al., 2004a		 1 1.5     5
Liver Bufflehead
(Bucephala albeola)		 Niagara River Region,
New York, USA		 1994-1996;
1999-2000		 Sinclair
et al., 2005		     635 281 3
Liver Common merganser
(Mergus merganser)		 Niagara River Region,
New York, USA		 1994-1996;
1999-2000		 Sinclair
et al., 2005		     441 154 20
Liver Black duck
(Anas rubripes)		 Niagara River Region,
New York, USA		 1994-1996 Sinclair
et al., 2005		     204 0 1
Liver Common goldeneye
(Bucephala clangula)		 Niagara River Region,
New York, USA		 1994-1996;
1999-2000		 Sinclair et al., 2005     204 119 20
Liver Mallard
(Anas platyrhynchos)		 Niagara River Region,
New York, USA		 1994-1996 Sinclair
et al., 2005		     172 124 31
Liver Lesser scaup
(Aythya affinis)		 Niagara River Region,
New York, USA		 1999-2000 Sinclair
et al., 2005		     148 65 6
Liver Greater scaup
(Aythya marila)		 Niagara River Region,
New York, USA		 1995-1996 Sinclair
et al., 2005		     82 24 2
Liver Hooded merganser
(Lophodytes cucullatus)		 Niagara River Region,
New York, USA		 1994-1996 Sinclair
et al., 2005		     35 24 2
Liver Surf scoter
(Melanitta perspicillata)		 Niagara River Region,
New York, USA		 1994-1996 Sinclair
et al., 2005		     28 0 1
Liver Ring-neck
(Aytha collaris)		 Niagara River Region,
New York, USA		 1994-1996 Sinclair
et al., 2005		     16 0 1
Liver Brown pelican
(Pelecanus occidentalis)		 Mississippi NR Giesy (2003) 460       NR
Liver Common loon
(Gavia immer) 		 North Carolina NR Giesy (2003) 290       NR
Liver Wood stork Various Locations,
USA		 September, 1996 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 158       1
Liver Northern gannet Carteret County,
NC, USA		 March, 1998 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 85       1
Liver Laysan albatross
(Diomedea immutabilis) 		 Midway Atoll NR Giesy (2003) <35       NR
Liver White-faced ibis Sacramento Valley,
CA, USA		 January, 1995 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 17       1
Liver Black guillemot 
(Cepphus grylle)		 Canadian Arctic 1993 Martin
et al., 2004a		 n.d.       5
Eggs Double-crested
cormorant
(Phalacrocorax auritus)		 Great Lakes 1990-1998 AR 226-1030a159 21 220Footnote f     4
Egg Yolk Double crested cormorant Manitoba, Canada June, 1995 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 21 220Footnote f     4
Egg Glaucous gulls
(Larus hyperboreus)		 Bear Island (Norwegian Arctic) 2004 Verreault
et al., 2005		 51.7 196 104 13.2 10
Egg Yolk Ring-billed gull Great Lakes Region (
Michigan)		 June, 1995 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 30 126     3
Blood Double-crested
cormorant 
(Phalacrocorax auritus)		 Great Lakes Region (
Michigan)		 July, 1991 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 34 243     8
Blood Herring gull Great Lakes Region (
Michigan)		 July, 1991 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 57 68     2
Plasma Bald eagle 
(Haliaeetus leucocephalus)
Michigan, Wisconsin
and Minnesota		 1990-1998 AR 226-1030a159 <1 2 220     33
Plasma Bald Eagle Midwestern United States June, 1990-
October, 1993		 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 <1 2 220     33
Plasma Herring gull Great Lakes Region (
Michigan)		 July, 1991 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 239 391     2
Plasma Double crested cormorant Great Lakes Region (
Michigan)		 July, 1991 Kannan
et al., 2001b		 63 372     4
Plasma Glaucous gulls
(Larus hyperboreus)		 Svalbard (ice edge) and
Bear Island (Norwegian Arctic)		 2004 Verreault et al., 2005 48.1 349 134 16.6 20
Gall Bladder Bald Eagle
(Haliaeetus leucocephalus)		 Upper Peninsula of
Michigan, USA		 2000 Kannan
et al., 2005		   1 490     1
Kid-
ney		 Bald Eagle
(Haliaeetus leucocephalus)		 Upper Peninsula of
Michigan, USA		 2000 Kannan
et al., 2005		 35 1 480     4
Muscle Bald Eagle
(Haliaeetus leucocephalus)		 Upper Peninsula of
Michigan, USA		 2000 Kannan
et al., 2005		 <7.5 96.2     6
Ovary Bald Eagle
(Haliaeetus leucocephalus)		 Upper Peninsula of
Michigan, USA		 2000 Kannan
et al., 2005		   68.0     1
Testes Bald Eagle
(Haliaeetus leucocephalus)		 Upper Peninsula of
Michigan, USA		 2000 Kannan
et al., 2005		   183     1
Appendix 2 (Type: Fish): PFOS Concentrations in Selected Wildlife in North America and Circumpolar Regions, 1982-2005
Tissue Species Sampling
Locations		 Sampling
Date		 Reference PFOS (ppb)Footnote a nFootnote b
Min Max Mean SD
Liver Striped bass
(Morone saxatilis) 		 Tennessee River,
Guntersville Dam		 June 21-22, 2000 AR 226-1030a161  385 2 430     9
Liver Chinook salmon
(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) 		 Great Lakes/inland
Michigan lakes		 Prior to June 2001 AR 226-1030a156  32 173Footnote f     6
Liver Chinook salmon Webber Dam, Grand River,
Michigan		 1999-2000 Sinclair
et al., 2004		 32 173Footnote f     6
Liver Various speciesFootnote d Inland Lakes,
Michigan		 1999-2000 Sinclair
et al., 2004		 <7.7 120     35
Liver Lake whitefish
(Coregonus clupeaformis)		 Great Lakes/inland
Michigan lakes		 Prior to
June 2001		 AR 226-1030a156  33 81Footnote f     5
Liver Lake whitefish Great Lakes /
Thunder Bay, Lake Huron		 2003-2004 Sinclair
et al., 2004		 33 81Footnote f     5
Liver Brook trout
(Salvelinus fontinalis) 		 Canadian Arctic July, 2002 Martin
et al., 2004a		 29 50     2
Liver Brown trout
(Salmo trutta)		 Great Lakes/inland
Michigan lakes		 Prior to
June 2001		 AR 226-1030a156  <17 26Footnote f     10
Liver Brown trout Great Lakes /
Lake Superior / Marquette		 2003-2004 Sinclair
et al., 2004		 <17 26Footnote f     10
Liver White sucker
(Catostomus commersoni)		 Canadian Arctic July, 2002 Martin
et al., 2004a		 6.5 8.6     3
Liver Redfish
(Sebastes mentella)		 Davis Strait October 2000, 2001 Tomy
et al., 2004		 nd  6.3 1.4 0.9 7
Liver Lake whitefish
(Coregonus clupeaformis)		 Canadian Arctic July, 2002 Martin
et al., 2004a		 12       2
Liver Lake trout
(Salvelinus namaycush) 		 Canadian Arctic July, 2002 Martin
et al., 2004a		 31       1
Liver Northern pike
(Esox lucius)		 Canadian Arctic July, 2002 Martin
et al., 2004a		 5.7       1
Liver Arctic sculpin
(Myoxocephalus scorpioides) 		 Canadian Arctic July, 2002 Martin
et al., 2004a		 12       1
Muscle Carp
(Cyprinus carpio) 		 Saginaw Bay,
Michigan		 Prior to
June 2001		 AR 226-1030a156  59 287     10
Muscle Chinook salmon
(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) 		 Great Lakes/inland
Michigan lakes		 Prior to
June 2001		 AR 226-1030a156  <7 189Footnote f     6
Muscle Lake whitefish
(Coregonus clupeaformis)		 Great Lakes/inland
Michigan lakes		 Prior to
June 2001		 AR 226-1030a156   97 168Footnote f     5
Muscle Carp Saginaw Bay,
Michigan		 1999-2000 Sinclair
et al., 2004		 59 297     10
Muscle Chinook salmon Webber Dam, Grand River,
Michigan		 1999-2000 Sinclair
et al., 2004		 <7 189Footnote f     6
Muscle Lake whitefish Great Lakes /
Thunder Bay, Lake Huron		 2003-2004 Sinclair
et al., 2004		 97 168Footnote f     5
Muscle Brown trout Great Lakes /
Lake Superior / Marquette		 2003-2004 Sinclair
et al., 2004		 <7 46     10
Whole Body Arctic cod
(Boreogadus saida)		 Davis Strait October 2000, 2001 Tomy
et al., 2004		 0.3 4.7 1.3 0.7 6
Whole Body Slimy sculpin
(Cottus cognatus)		 Lake Ontario 2001 Martin
et al., 2004b		     450 98 5
Whole Body Round Gobies
(Neogobius melanostomus)		 Raisin River,
Michigan, USA		 October, 1998-September, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		 6.6 11.2     3
Whole Body Round Gobies
(Neogobius melanostomus)		 St. Clair River,
Michigan, USA		 September, 1998-July, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		 7.7 21.5     8
Whole Body Round Gobies
(Neogobius melanostomus)		 Calumet River,
Michigan, USA		 July, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		   4.1     1
Whole Body Lake Trout
(Salvelinus namaycush)		 Lake Ontario 2001 Martin
et al., 2004b		     170 64 7
Whole Body Rainbow smelt
(Osmerus mordax)		 Lake Ontario 2001 Martin
et al., 2004b		     110 55 6
Whole Body Alewife
(Alosa pseudoharengus)		 Lake Ontario 2001 Martin
et al., 2004b		     46 15 6
Eggs Lake whitefish
(Coregonus clupeaformis)		 Great Lakes/inland
Michigan lakes		 Prior to
June 2001		 AR 226-1030a156  145 381Footnote f     2
Eggs Lake whitefish Great Lakes / Thunder Bay,
Lake Huron		 2003-2004 Sinclair
et al., 2004		 145 381Footnote f     2
Eggs Various speciesFootnote d Inland Lakes,
Michigan		 1999-2000 Sinclair
et al., 2004		 <7.7 222     19
Eggs Brown trout
(Salmo trutta) 		 Great Lakes/inland
Michigan lakes		 Prior to
June 2001		 AR 226-1030a156  49 75Footnote f     3
Eggs Brown trout Great Lakes / Lake Superior
/ Marquette		 2003-2004 Sinclair
et al., 2004		 49 75Footnote f     3
Skinless Fillets Smallmouth Bass
(Micropterus dolomieui)		 Raisin River,
Michigan, USA		 September, 1998-September, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		 2.0 41.3     8
Skinless Fillets Smallmouth Bass
(Micropterus dolomieui)		 Calumet River,
Michigan, USA		 May, 1998-August, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		 2.5 7.6     4
Skinless Fillets Smallmouth Bass
(Micropterus dolomieui)		 St. Clair River,
Michigan, USA		 October, 1998; August, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		 <2 2.7     2
Appendix 2 (Type: Invertebrate): PFOS Concentrations in Selected Wildlife in North America and Circumpolar Regions, 1982-2005
Tissue Species Sampling
Locations		 Sampling
Date		 Reference PFOS (ppb)Footnote a nFootnote b
Min Max Mean SD
Whole Body Zooplankton (mixed) Frobisher Bay May, 2002 Tomy
et al., 2004		 1.1 2.6 1.8 0.3 5
Whole Body Shrimp
(Pandalus borealis; Hymenodora glacialis)		 Davis Strait October 2000, 2001 Tomy
et al., 2004		 nd 0.9 0.35 0.15 7
Whole Body Diporeia
(Diporeia hoyi)		 Lake Ontario 2001 Martin
et al., 2004b		     280 33 NR
Whole Body Amphipods Raisin River,
Michigan, USA		 September, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		   2.9     1
Whole Body Amphipods St. Clair River,
Michigan, USA		 September, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		   <2     1
Whole Body Amphipods Calumet River,
Michigan, USA		 July, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		   <2     1
Whole Body Mysis
(Mysis relicta)		 Lake Ontario 2001 Martin
et al., 2004b		     13  8 NR
Appendix 2 (Type: Crustacean): PFOS Concentrations in Selected Wildlife in North America and Circumpolar Regions, 1982-2005
Tissue Species Sampling
Locations		 Sampling
Date		 Reference PFOS (ppb)Footnote a nFootnote b
Min Max Mean SD
Whole Body Clams
(Mya truncate; Serripes groenlandica)		 Frobisher Bay May, 2002 Tomy
et al., 2004		 0.08 0.6 0.28 0.09 5
  Crayfish Raisin River,
Michigan, USA		 September, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		   4.3     1
  Crayfish St. Clair River,
Michigan, USA		 September, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		   2.4     1
  Crayfish Calumet River,
Michigan, USA		 July, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		   3.7     1
Soft Tissue Zebra Mussel
(Dreissena polymorpha)		 Raisin River,
Michigan, USA		 October, 1998; August, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		 <2 3.1     2
Soft Tissue Zebra Mussel
(Dreissena polymorpha)		 St. Clair River,
Michigan, USA		 November, 1998 Kannan
et al., 2005		   <2     1
Soft Tissue Zebra Mussel
(Dreissena polymorpha)		 Calumet River,
Michigan, USA		 September, 1998 Kannan
et al., 2005		 <2 <2     3
Appendix 2 (Type: Algae): PFOS Concentrations in Selected Wildlife in North America and Circumpolar Regions, 1982-2005
Tissue Species Sampling
Locations		 Sampling
Date		 Reference PFOS (ppb)Footnote a nFootnote b
Min Max Mean SD
Whole Body Benthic Algae Calumet River,
Michigan, USA		 July, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		   3.1     1
Whole Body Benthic Algae St. Clair River,
Michigan, USA		 July, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		   2.6     1
Whole Body Benthic Algae Raisin River,
Michigan, USA		 September, 1999 Kannan
et al., 2005		   2.4     1
Appendix 2 (Type: Amphibian): PFOS Concentrations in Selected Wildlife in North America and Circumpolar Regions, 1982-2005
Tissue Species Sampling
Locations		 Sampling
Date		 Reference PFOS (ppb)Footnote a nFootnote b
Min Max Mean SD
Liver Green Frog
(Rana clamitans)		 Kalamazoo River watershed,
Michigan, USA		 1998 Kannan
et al., 2005		 50 285 168   2
Liver Green Frog
(Rana clamitans)		 Kalamazoo River watershed,
Michigan, USA		 1998 Kannan
et al., 2005		   <35     2
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