Canada-Peru environmental agreement

Plain language summary

The Canada-Peru Agreement on the Environment, signed in parallel to the Free Trade Agreement, is a legally binding mechanism for bilateral environmental cooperation. The Agreement aims to promote environmental protection and sustainable development in both countries. Cooperative activities provide an opportunity for policy dialogue and knowledge exchange, which strengthens environmental protection in both countries, as well as the Canada-Peru bilateral relationship. Environment and Climate Change Canada and the Ministry of the Environment of Peru, in partnership with external experts, coordinate the cooperative activities.

Objective

This Agreement creates a framework to better conserve, protect, and enhance the environment through cooperation and effective enforcement of environmental laws. The Agreement also promotes sustainable development, transparency and public participation in environmental management.

Key elements

The implementation of the Canada–Peru Agreement on the Environment is overseen by a Committee on the Environment, composed of officials from Environment and Climate Change Canada and the Ministry of the Environment of Peru.

Citizens and organizations are able to submit a written question or request an investigation if they believe governments have failed to effectively enforce environmental laws.

A commitment to develop cooperative work programs and activities, subject to available resources.

A non-derogation clause that obligates the countries not to relax their environmental laws in order to encourage trade or investment.

A dispute resolution mechanism to address any matter that may arise under the Agreement.

A commitment to maintain appropriate procedures to conduct environmental impact assessments, and allow for public participation in these procedures.

Expected results

Facilitate collaboration between Canada and Peru on environmental priorities, aimed at strengthening environmental protection.

Provide effective mechanisms to raise and resolve concerns about the effective enforcement of domestic environmental laws.

Canada’s involvement

Environment and Climate Change Canada works with the Ministry of the Environment of Peru to implement the Agreement, in partnership with external experts (including representatives of other government department/agencies, academia, the private sector and civil society) who support collaborative activities.

Results / progress

Activities

The Committee on the Environment is required to meet as mutually decided by the countries (either in person or by videoconference) in order to review progress on the implementation of the Agreement; discuss environmental priorities; and, approve joint work programs for environment cooperation.

The Canada-Peru Committee on the Environment last met in December 2018, in Lima, Peru. The next Committee on the Environment Meeting is expected to take place in 2022.

Reports

The Committee on the Environment is required to prepare a summary record of meetings, in addition to reports and recommendations on bilateral activities.

There is also a requirement to consider undertaking a review of the implementation of the Agreement, within five years of its entry into force.

Results

Under this Agreement, Canada and Peru have taken important steps towards strengthening relations on environmental matters.

The Committee on the Environment provides a mechanism for regular policy dialogue and knowledge exchanges on a wide range of priority topics.

The Agreement provides a mechanism to foster capacity-building and collaborative research on issues of importance to Canada and Peru.

Recent cooperative activities have focused on climate change, pollutant release and transfer registers, nature-based solutions, biodiversity conservation and traditional ecological knowledge, consultations with Indigenous people for natural resource-based projects, and wildland fires management.