Hot Work Environment
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Introduction
Do you work for long periods in a hot environment such as the outdoors in the summer? Then this Health-Tip information sheet is for you.
A hot environment will increase the stress on the body as it tries to keep cool. Not only should you be monitoring the temperature, but humidity and smog levels play a significant role on how much stress is placed on the body. When combined with the physical demands of the job, heat stress can contribute to musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs), heat stroke and death. The aim of this Health-Tip is to help you reduce or eliminate the risk of injury and manage heat stress (it is recommended to consult a health care professional if you have any pre-existing medical condition).
Health-related issue
Heat stress
The body's cooling mechanisms reduce the blood supply to the muscles, brain and other organs and increase blood flow to the skin to help dissipate the heat. The reduced blood supply to the various organs leads to mental and physical fatigue.
Increased perspiration is designed to evaporate water molecules in order to dissipate the heat transported to the skin by the bloodstream. If the water and minerals are not replaced with solutions containing electrolytes, this perspiration leads to progressive dehydration and a loss of minerals essential to the functioning of various organs, such as the heart and muscles. In addition, dehydration reduces the evacuation of waste products from the body's organs via the blood.
What to do :
- Take steps to become acclimatized to the heat:
- Limit your time in a hot environment on the first day and progressively increase the exposure time over a few days
- Start with decreasing the physical demands of the task while working the required amount of time in a hot environment. Progressively, increase the physical demands to a normal working day
- Drink plenty of fluids, even if you are not thirsty:
- Drink at least 2 to 4 glasses of rehydrating solution every hour, such as sports drinks, to replenish minerals and sodium lost due to heavy perspiration
- Avoid consuming drinks with caffeine as it may cause your body to lose more fluids
- Wear light coloured (if outside), light weight, loose, and breathable clothing
- Wear a hat with a brim for shade
- If working outdoors, apply UV protection to exposed skin as directed
- Stay in the shade as much as possible. Use an umbrella or a tent for additional shade
- Take breaks in a cooler area such as in the shade or in an air-conditioned area
- Increase the number of breaks for physically demanding job tasks
- Arrange work schedules to avoid working outside during the hottest part of the day. Job rotation may be an option
- Keep an eye on the weather forecast or perform the work under cooler temperatures
- Periodically wet your hands (dry hands before working with tools), head and/or back of the neck to help cool the body
- Provide heat shields from sources of heat such as machinery
- Provide ventilation to promote air circulation and/or cooler air (HVAC, fans, open windows, open doors)
Hand grip
Tools or items are difficult to grip due to perspiration. This requires an increase in grip strength which will fatigue the hands.
What to do :
- Reduce slipping of hands by using tools such as anti-slip gloves
- Keep the tool handle in good condition
- Dry hands and tools frequently
- Improve the grip on items being lifted by adding assistive devices such as lifting straps
Eye strain
Working in an environment with bright lights, such as a sunny day, will increase eye strain and result in increased fatigue.
What to do :
- Wear proper eye protection and, use glasses with 100% UV protection if outside
All employees are required to be informed, instructed and trained on potential hazards in their work place. Emergency procedures in response to heat stress should be in place. Pay attention to signs and symptoms in yourself and in co-workers:
- When working in a hot environment for long periods, early signs and symptoms are indicators to potential serious health issues such as dehydration, heat exhaustion, heat stroke, and in rare instances, death. Be aware for these warnings and do not ignore them:
- Very itchy red bumpy rash (signs of heat rash)
- Painful red or blistering skin and peeling skin (signs of severe sunburn)
- Onset of sudden cramps either at work or at home
- Heavy perspiration, weak pulse, feeling tired, faint and weak, feeling nauseous, skin is pale or flush, and headaches (signs of heat exhaustion)
- Pulse is strong and rapid, breath is shallow and fast, headaches, hot and dry skin (not sweating ), dizziness, nausea, confusion (signs and symptoms of heat stroke )
Employers under Federal Jurisdiction have an obligation to assess the hazards in the work place.
Contact us
Contact a Labour Program District Office at 1-800-641-4049 if you have any questions.
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