A Performance Indicator Framework for Accessibility Data: Employment

CHRC

Canadian Human Rights Commission

CIS

Canadian Income Survey

CRTC

Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission

CSD

Canadian Survey on Disability

CTA

Canadian Transportation Agency

EE

Employment Equity

FPSLREB

Federal Public Sector Labour Relations and Employment Board

LFS

Labour Force Survey

NGS

National Graduate Survey

PSES

Public Service Employee Survey

Accommodations

Arrangements which allow persons with disabilities to fully take part in society, including accessing services, employment, or housing. When an environment is not inclusive and cannot be modified for persons with disabilities, accommodations can allow for equal participation.

Barrier

Refers to anything — including anything physical, architectural, technological or attitudinal, anything that is based on information or communications or anything that is the result of a policy or a practice — that hinders the full and equal participation in society of persons with an impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment or a functional limitation (Accessible Canada Act).

Data Linkage (LFS-CIS Linkage)

Refers to the process of bringing together two or more microdata files (records) to yield data that is not possible to obtain from one file alone. For example, a data linkage between the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and the Canadian Income Survey (CIS) links data on employment with a disability identifier.

Disability

Refers to any impairment, including a physical, mental, intellectual, cognitive, learning, communication or sensory impairment — or a functional limitation — whether permanent, temporary or episodic in nature, or evident or not, that, in interaction with a barrier, hinders a person’s full and equal participation in society (Accessible Canada Act).

Education

Refers to primary, secondary, trade school, college or university on a full-time or part-time basis, including training.

Employment

Refers to any work for pay or profit on a full-time or part-time basis.

Full-time Employment

Refers to employment of more than 30 working hours per week.

Part-time Employment

Refers to employment of less than 30 working hours per week.

Proportion

A measurement that describes a part, share, or number considered in comparison to the whole. It is always expressed between 0 and 1 or as a percentage.

Sub-indicators

• Age 15 to 24
• Age 25 to 64
• Age 65+

Description

This indicator refers to all types of employment including full-time, part-time, seasonal, permanent, and contractual employment.

The sub-indicators focus on different phases of employment: entering the labour market, the core working years and exiting the labour market.

Data sources

• Labour Force Survey (LFS)-Canadian Income Survey (CIS) Linkage
• Canadian Survey on Disability (CSD)

Sub-indicators

• Age 15 to 24
• Age 25 to 64
• Age 65+

Description

This indicator refers to employment that consists of more than 30 working hours per week for one employer. This can include permanent, contractual, and seasonal employment.

The sub-indicators focus on different phases of employment: entering the labour market, the core working years and exiting the labour market.

Data sources

• CIS
• LFS-CIS Linkage
• CSD

Sub-indicators

• Age 15 to 24
• Age 25 to 64
• Age 65+

Description

This indicator refers to those who work for themselves rather than an employer and is therefore not considered an employee. This includes independent contractors. This indicator aims to also capture those who are more likely in precarious work situations, such as gig work.

The sub-indicators focus on different phases of employment: entering the labour market, the core working years, and exiting the labour market.

Data source

• CSD

Sub-indicators

• Age 15 to 24
• Age 25 to 64
• Full-time employment
• Part-time employment

Description

This indicator refers to the difference in the median earnings between all persons with disabilities and persons without disabilities between 15 and 64.

The first 2 sub-indicators focus on different phases of employment: entering the labour market and the core working years. The last 2 sub-indicators focus on different types of employment: full-time and part-time employment.

Data sources

• CIS
• CSD

Sub-indicators

• Age 15 to 24
• Age 25 to 64
• Age 65+

Description

This indicator refers to those who are:

• officially unemployed
• not in the labour market but intend to look for work in the next twelve months, or
• whose condition completely prevents them from working and no workplace accommodation exists that would enable them to work

The sub-indicators focus on different phases of employment: entering the labour market, the core working years, and exiting the labour market.

Data source

• CSD

Sub-indicators

• High school diploma or equivalency certificate
• Apprenticeship or trade certificate or diploma
• College diploma or equivalency certificate
• Undergraduate degree or equivalency certificate
• Graduate degree or equivalency certificate

Description

This indicator refers to the highest level of education obtained by persons with disabilities aged 25+.

This indicator focuses on the completion rate across the different levels of education.

Data sources

• CSD
• National Graduate Survey (NGS)

Description

This indicator refers to youth aged 15 to 29 with disabilities who aren’t in education or training, and not employed. This indicator includes youth who may be experiencing difficulties transitioning from school to the labour market.

Data sources

• LFS-CIS Linkage
• CSD

Sub-indicator

• Federally regulated employees

Description

This indicator refers to barriers to accessibility encountered when searching for employment opportunities, completing, and submitting applications, interviews, and evaluations for employment. Examples include company websites or web-based job portals, which lack digital accessibility features, or delayed or denied accommodation requests.

Data source

• Public Service Employee Survey (PSES)

Description

The indicator refers to barriers to accessibility encountered while starting a new job or position. For example, inaccessible training manuals and delays related to accommodations.

Data source

• Data sources being explored

Description

The indicator refers to a lack of available transportation to get to the workplace.

Data source

• CSD

Description

This indicator refers to barriers encountered in the digital world. This includes devices, applications, systems, and networks specific to employment. For example, lack of assistive technology or accessibility features for their workplace technology.

Data source

• CSD

Description

This indicator refers to required workplace accommodations. For example, assistive or specialized devices, ergonomic or modified workstations, and flexible work schedules.

Data source

• CSD

Description

The indicator refers to those who feel uncomfortable or unable to ask their management for accommodations. Persons with disabilities may not request accommodations due to concerns of discrimination or retaliation.

Data source

• CSD

Description

This indicator refers to persons with disabilities who are in training and education provided by or on behalf of their employer. For example, on the job training, post-secondary courses, etc.

Data source

• CSD

Description

This indicator tracks the number of complaints made to regulators under the Accessible Canada Act. This includes:

• the Canadian Transportation Agency (CTA)
• the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunication Commission (CRTC)
• the Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC), and
• the Federal Public Sector Labour Relations and Employment Board (FPSLREB)

Data sources

• CTA
• CRTC
• CHRC
• FPSLREB

Description

Admissible complaints are complaints deemed to be in the scope of a regulator's mandate, or otherwise valid.

Data sources

• CTA
• CRTC
• CHRC
• FPSLREB

Description

Addressed complaints refer to complaints that:

• are deemed to be in the scope of a regulator’s mandate, or otherwise valid, and
• have been through the entire complaints process to conclusion

Data sources

• CTA
• CRTC
• CHRC
• FPSLREB

Description

This indicator refers to barriers to accessibility in federally regulated workplaces. For example, inaccessible seating and inaccessible workspaces.

Data source

• Accessible Canada Directorate

Description

This indicator refers to employees who self-identify as having a disability.

Data source

• PSES

Description

This indicator refers to the number of federal sector employees with disabilities represented as a share of the total population of persons with disabilities.

Data source

• Employment Equity (EE) Reporting

Sub-indicators

• Federally regulated employees

Description

This indicator refers to the number of employees hired for permanent full-time and part-time positions. This includes those transitioning from contractual positions to permanent positions and those leaving one permanent position for another.

Data sources

• LFS-CIS Linkage
• EE Reporting

Sub-indicators

• Federally regulated employees

Description

This indicator refers to an employee’s dismissal or end of employment. This can be for a multitude of reasons including:

• bankruptcy or insolvency of the employer
• a constructive dismissal resulting in the employee resigning, or
• layoff due to broader economic conditions or shortage of work

Data sources

• CSD
• EE Reporting

Description

The net change refers to the number of employees hired in the federal sector subtracted from the number of terminated employees.

Data source

• EE Reporting

Description

This indicator refers to positions formally represented by a labour union.

Data source

• CSD

Description

This indicator refers to employment without a pre-determined end date. Federal sector employment in permanent positions typically have employer-sponsored benefits.

Data source

• EE Reporting

Description

This refers to employees whose level of education is higher than what is typically required for the position they hold.

Data source

• CSD

Description

The indicator refers to persons with disabilities who are employed part-time but would prefer to have full-time employment.

Data source

• LFS-CIS Linkage

Description

This indicator refers to those who would like to work, and can work, but have stopped seeking employment. Discouraged workers tend to believe that no suitable work is available or have failed to be shortlisted when applying for work.

Data sources

• CSD
• LFS-CIS Linkage

Sub-indicators

• Age 15 to 24
• Age 25 to 64
• Part-time
• Full-time

Description

This indicator refers to the median employment income of persons with disabilities. This is the point at which half the population had higher income and half had lower.

The first 2 sub-indicators focus on different phases of employment: entering the labour market and the core working years. The last 2 sub-indicators focus on different types of employment: part-time and full-time employment.

Data source

• CIS

Description

This indicator refers to barriers to changing jobs or advancing positions at a current employer. For example, difficulty securing accommodations with another employer, or evidence that an employer has negative assumptions or beliefs about the abilities of persons with disabilities.

Data source

• CSD

Description

This indicator refers to the advancement of persons with disabilities. This focuses on career development opportunities, and compensation increases for persons with disabilities.

Data source

• EE Reporting

Description

This indicator refers to barriers to accessibility encountered within educational institutions. For example, lack of accommodations such as more time during exams or lack of access to aids such as speech-to-text for completing assignments or taking notes.

Data sources

• CSD
• NGS